Helicinae Representatives (cropped)
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Helicinae Representatives (cropped)
Helicinae is a subfamily of terrestrial gastropods in the family Helicidae. It contains mostly large land snail species, distributed in the western Palaearctic. The most recent (as of 2023) classification proposed division into three tribes. The subfamily contains the largest helicids, and includes widely known, widespread species like the garden snail ''Cornu aspersum'' (syn. ''Helix aspersa'', ''Cryptomphalus aspersus''), known by the common name garden snail, is a species of land snail in the family Helicidae, which includes some of the most familiar land snails. Of all terrestrial molluscs, ..., grove snail, white garden snail, chocolate-band snail or the Roman snail. See also * Taxonomy of the Helicidae References {{taxonbar, from=Q16641509 Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque Taxa described in 1815 ...
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Helix Pomatia
''Helix pomatia'', known as the Roman snail, Burgundy snail, or escargot, is a species of large, air-breathing stylommatophoran land Snails, snail native to Europe. It is characterized by a globular brown shell. It is an edible species which commonly occurs Synanthrope, synanthropically throughout its range. Distribution The present Species distribution, distribution of ''Helix pomatia'' is considerably affected by the dispersion by human and synanthropic occurrences. The northern limits of their natural distribution run presumably through central Germany and southern Poland with the eastern range limits running through western-most Ukraine and Moldova/Romania to Bulgaria. In the south, the species reaches northern Bulgaria, central Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Hezegovina and Croatia. It occurs in northern Italy southwards to the Po (river), Po and the Ligurian Apennines. Westerly the native range extends to eastern France. Currently, ''H. pomatia'' is distribut ...
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Land Snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shells (those without shells are known as slugs). However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water. Land snails are a Polyphyly, polyphyletic group comprising at least ten independent evolutionary transitions to terrestrial life (the last common ancestor of all gastropods was marine). The majority of land snails are pulmonates that have a lung and breathe air. Most of the non-pulmonate land snails belong to lineages in the Caenogastropoda, and tend to have a gill and an operculum (gastropod), operculum. The largest clade of non-pulmonate land snails is the Cyclophoroidea, with more than 7,0 ...
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Caucasotachea Atrolabiata
''Caucasotachea'' is a genus of medium-sized air-breathing land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Helicidae. Species The following extant species are currently classified in the genus: * ''Caucasotachea atrolabiata'' (Krynicki, 1833) * ''Caucasotachea leucoranea'' (Albert Mousson, Mousson, 1863) * ''Caucasotachea vindobonensis'' (Carl Jonas Pfeiffer, C. Pfeiffer, 1828) Several fossil taxa are placed to ''Caucasotachea'': * † ''Caucasotachea andrussovi'' Steklov, 1966 * † ''Caucasotachea beringi'' Schütt, 1985 * † ''Caucasotachea candirensis'' Schütt, 1985 * † ''Caucasotachea kubanica'' Steklov, 1966 * † ''Caucasotachea phrygomysica'' (Oppenheim, 1919) Genetics The haploid number of chromosomes is 25 (''C. vindobonensis'') or 26 (''C. atrolabiata''). References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q100023922 Helicidae Gastropod genera ...
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Eobania Vermiculata
''Eobania vermiculata'' also known as ''Helix vermiculata'', common name the "chocolate-band snail" is a species of large, air-breathing, land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the true snails or typical snails. ''Eobania vermiculata'' is the type species of the genus ''Eobania''. Distribution This species of large land snail is common in the Mediterranean area; its distribution ranges from eastern Spain to Crimea: * Israel * EgyptCommonwealth of Australia. (April 2002)"Citrus Imports from the Arab Republic of Egypt. A Review Under Existing Import Conditions for Citrus from Israel". Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Australia. Caption: Gastropods, page 12 and Appendix 2. * eastern Spain * eastern Bulgaria * southern Greece * Crimea in Ukraine The nonindigenous distribution of ''Eobania vermiculata'' includes: * This species has been introduced to southeastern Australia, where it is known as the chocolate-band snail. * One individual o ...
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Theba Pisana
''Theba pisana'', common names the white garden snail, sand hill snail, white Italian snail, Mediterranean coastal snail, and simply just the Mediterranean snail, is an edible species of medium-sized, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the typical snails. This species is native to the Mediterranean region, but it has become an invasive species in many other countries. ''Theba pisana'' is a well-known agricultural pest in numerous parts of the world. The shell color varies from white to yellow-brown with light brown spiral markings. Distribution The species is native to the Mediterranean region. The type locality is Italy. The distribution of ''T. pisana'' includes the Mediterranean region and adjacent Atlantic coasts from central Morocco to north western Europe: * Morocco * Portugal * In List of non-marine molluscs of Spain, Spain occasionally also in the interior. It is introduced to Menorca. - A subspecies, ''T. pisa ...
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Grove Snail
The grove snail, brown-lipped snail or lemon snail (''Cepaea nemoralis'') is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc. It is one of the most common large species of land snail in Europe, and has been introduced to North America. ;Subspecies: * ''Cepaea nemoralis etrusca'' (Rossmässler, 1835) * ''Cepaea nemoralis nemoralis'' (Linnaeus, 1758) ''Cepaea nemoralis'' is the type species of the genus ''Cepaea''. It is used as a model organism in ecological genetics, including in citizen science projects. Description ''Cepaea nemoralis'' is among the largest and, because of its bright colouration, one of the best-known snails in Western Europe. The colour of the shell is highly variable; it ranges from brown, through pink, to yellow or even whitish, with or without one to five dark-brown bands. Names for many colour variants were coined in the nineteenth century but this system has been replaced by an independent scoring of shell colour and the ...
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Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxa ranked above species are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe. In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include the tribes Caprini (goat-antelopes), Hominini (hominins), Bombini (bumblebees), and Thunnini (tunas). The tribe Hominini is divided into subtribes by some scientists; subtribe Hominina then comprises "humans". The standard ending for the name of a zoological subtribe is "-ina". In botany, the standard ending for the name of a botanical tribe is "-eae". Examples include the tribes Acalypheae and Hyacintheae. The tribe Hyacintheae is divided into subtribes, including the subtribe Massoniinae. The standard ending for the name of a botanical subtribe is "-inae". In bacteriology, the form of tribe names is as in botany, e.g., Pseudomonadeae, based on the ge ...
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Palearctic Realm
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is a biogeographic realm of the Earth, the largest of eight. Confined almost entirely to the Eastern Hemisphere, it stretches across Europe and Asia, north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Mediterranean Basin; North Africa; North Arabia; Western, Central and East Asia. The Palaearctic realm also has numerous rivers and lakes, forming several freshwater ecoregions. Both the eastern and westernmost extremes of the Paleartic span into the Western Hemisphere, including Cape Dezhnyov in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug to the east and Iceland to the west. The term was first used in the 19th century, and is still in use as the basis for zoogeographic classification. History In an 1858 paper for the ''Proceedings of the Linnean Society'', British zoologist Philip Sclater first identified six terrestrial zoogeographic realms of the world: Palaearctic, Aethiopian/ Afrotropic, Indian/ Indom ...
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Species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology (biology), morphology, behaviour, or ecological niche. In addition, palaeontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. About 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a binomial nomenclature, two-part name, a "binomen". The first part of a binomen is the name of a genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name (zoology), specific name or the specific ...
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Helicidae
Helicidae is a large, diverse family of western Palaearctic, medium to large-sized, air-breathing land snails, sometimes called the "typical snails." It includes some of the largest European land snails, several species are common in anthropogenic habitats, and some became invasive on other continents. A number of species in this family are valued as food items, including '' Cornu aspersum'' (formerly ''Helix aspersa;'' "petit gris") the brown or garden snail, and '' Helix pomatia'' (the " escargot"). The biologies of these two species in particular have been thoroughly studied and documented. Shell description The shells are usually flattened or depressed conical. Globular shells are found in the genera '' Helix'', '' Maltzanella'', '' Lindholmia'', '' Cornu'', '' Cantareus'', '' Eremina'', and '' Idiomella''. One species, '' Cylindrus obtusus'', has a cylindrical shell. In some genera, especially in '' Cepaea'', the shells are brightly colored and patterned. Anatomy Hel ...
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Cornu Aspersum
''Cornu aspersum'' (syn. ''Helix aspersa'', ''Cryptomphalus aspersus''), known by the common name garden snail, is a species of land snail in the family Helicidae, which includes some of the most familiar land snails. Of all terrestrial molluscs, this species may well be the most widely known. It was classified under the name ''Helix aspersa'' for over two centuries, but the prevailing classification now places it in the genus ''Cornu''. The Garden Snail is relished as a food item in some areas, but it is also widely regarded as a pest in gardens and in agriculture, especially in regions where it has been introduced accidentally, and where snails are not usually considered to be a menu item. Description The adult bears a hard, thin calcium carbonate, calcareous shell in diameter and high, with four or five Whorl (mollusc), whorls. The shell is variable in coloring and shade of color, but generally it has a reticulated pattern of dark brown, brownish-golden, or chestnut with ...
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Gastropoda
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and from the land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and sea slug, slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda is a diverse and highly successful class of mollusks within the phylum Mollusca. It contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Furongian, Late Cambrian. , 721 family (taxonomy), families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently neontology, extant living fossil, with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mo ...
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