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Heavenly Quran
The Heavenly Quran (), according to a common Islamic belief, is a primordial version of the revealed Quran. History The idea of a holy book or other religious totem being based on an archetype preserved in heaven is not unique to Islam but goes back "thousands of years" to "the early Sumerians" according to Alfred Guillaume. Guillaume, ''Islam'', 1954: p.59 In the revealed Quran Quranic verses and referred to “mother of the book” (''umm al-kitab''); verse refers to a “well-guarded tablet” (''lawh mahfuz'') and to a “concealed book” (''kitab maknun''). Revelation of the Quran is described as being "sent down" in verse : It is also called ''kalam allah'' — the word of God — and to most Muslims is eternal and uncreated ''attribute'' of God, as opposed to something written or created ''by'' God. The Quran that resides in heaven is distinct from the earthly Quran. It is disputed whether the revealed Quran is a precise copy of the Heavenly Quran or an abridged ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world's Major religious groups, second-largest religious population after Christians. Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a Fitra, primordial faith that was revealed many times through earlier Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophets and messengers, including Adam in Islam, Adam, Noah in Islam, Noah, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, and Jesus in Islam, Jesus. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of God in Islam, God and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Torah in Islam, Tawrat (the Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Gospel in Islam, Injil (Gospel). They believe that Muhammad in Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quran
The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic, Arabic language. It is the object of a modern field of academic research known as Quranic studies. Muslims believe the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final Islamic Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad through the Angel#Islam, angel Gabriel#Islam, Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning on the Night of Power, Laylat al-Qadr, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important Islamic view of miracles, miracle, a proof of his prophet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumerians
Sumer () is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between , following a period of proto-writing . Name The term "Sumer" () comes from the Akkadian name for the "Sumerians", the ancient non- Semitic-speaking inhabitants of southern Mesopotamia.Piotr Michalowski, "Sumerian," ''The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages." Ed. Roger D. Woo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Guillaume
Alfred Guillaume (8 November 1888 – 30 November 1965) was a British Christian Arabist, scholar of the Hebrew Bible / Old Testament and Islam. Career Guillaume was born in Edmonton, Middlesex, the son of Alfred Guillaume. He took up Arabic after studying Theology and Oriental Languages at the Wadham College, Oxford. In the First World War, he served in France and then in the Arab Bureau in Cairo. Guillaume was a Christian and later ordained. He became Professor of Arabic and the Head of the Department of the Near and Middle East in the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), in the University of London. He was later visiting professor of Arabic at Princeton University, New Jersey. He was a professor of Hebrew at Durham University from 1920 to 1930. In the winter 1944–45, during the Second World War the British Council invited him to accept a visiting professorship at the American University of Beirut where he greatly enlarged his circle of Muslim friends. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Injil
Injil (, alternative spellings: ''Ingil'' or ''Injeel'') is the Arabic name for the Gospel of Jesus ( Isa). This ''Injil'' is described by the Quran as one of the four Islamic holy books which was revealed by Allah, the others being the Zabur (traditionally understood as being the Psalms), the Tawrat (the Torah), and the Quran itself. The word ''Injil'' is also used in the Quran, the hadith and early Muslim documents to refer to both a book and revelations made by God to Jesus. Etymology The Arabic word ''Injīl'' () as found in Islamic texts, now used also by non-Arab Muslims and non-Muslim Arabs, comes from the found in the ''Peshitta'', the Syriac translation of the Bible. This, in turn, derives from of the New Testament, where it means “good news” (compare Old English ''gōdspel''; Modern English ''gospel'', or ''evangel'' as an archaism In language, an archaism is a word, a sense of a word, or a style of speech or writing that belongs to a historical epoch beyond l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tawrat
In Islam, the Torah ( ) is regarded as an Islamic holy book that was revealed by God to guide the Israelites. In the Quran, the word "Tawrat" appears eighteen times, particularly in passages mentioning the Jewish people or their history, including Jewish prophets who are also regarded as Islamic prophets and messengers, such as Moses. The Torah is held by Muslims in identification with other books of the Hebrew Bible and with Jewish writings and exegeses in the Talmud and Midrash. Quran The word Tawrat occurs eighteen times in the Quran and the name of Musa is mentioned 136 times in the Quran; nowhere in the Quran is it written that Moses alone was given the Tawrat, but on the contrary it is written in the Quran that the prophets governed with the Tawrat. As per Quran, the governing ayats containing an order of God is the Tawrat. The Law mentioned in the Quran (5:45): Similarly it is mentioned in Exodus: According to 7:157, Muhammad is written about in both the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reza Aslan
Reza Aslan (, ; born May 3, 1972) is an Iranian-American scholar of sociology, writer, and television host. A convert to Evangelicalism, evangelical Christianity from Shia Islam as a youth, Aslan eventually reverted to Islam but continued to write about Christianity. He has written four books on religion: ''No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam'', ''Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in the Age of Globalization'', ''Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth'', ''God: A Human History'' and in 2022 ''An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville''. Aslan has worked for television, including a documentary series exploring world religions on CNN called ''Believer'', and served as an executive producer on the HBO drama series ''The Leftovers (TV series), The Leftovers''. Aslan is a member of the American Academy of Religion and the International Qur'anic Studies Association. He is a professor of crea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
No God But God
There is no god but God may refer to: * The beginning of the shahada, the Muslim profession of faith * Tawhid ''Tawhid'' () is the concept of monotheism in Islam, it is the religion's central and single most important concept upon which a Muslim's entire religious adherence rests. It unequivocally holds that God is indivisibly one (''ahad'') and s ..., the Muslim concept of the oneness and uniqueness of God * '' No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam'', a 2005 book about Islam by Reza Aslan * A Bill Kenny song sung by Elvis Presley on the album ''He Touched Me'' (album) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Mythology
Islamic mythology is the body of myths associated with Islam and the Quran. Islam is a religion that is more concerned with social order and law than with religious rituals or myths. The primary focus of Islam is the practical and rational practice and application of the Islamic law. Despite this focus, Islamic myths do still exist. ''The Oxford Companion to World Mythology'' identifies a number of traditional narratives as "Islamic myths". These include a creation myth and a vision of afterlife, which Islam shares with the other Abrahamic religions, as well as the distinctively Islamic story of the ''Kaaba''. The traditional biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who plays a central role in Islamic teachings, is generally recognized as being largely historical in nature, and Islam depends less on mythology than Judaism and Christianity. However, the canonical narrative includes two key supernatural events: the divine revelation of the Quran and the Isra and Mi'raj — th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jannah
In Islam, Jannah (, ''jannāt'', ) is the final and permanent abode of the righteous. According to one count, the word appears 147 times in the Qur'an. Belief in the afterlife is one of the Iman (Islam)#The Six Articles of Faith, six articles of faith in Sunni Islam and is a place in which "Mumin, believers" will enjoy pleasure, while the Kafir, disbelievers (''Kafir'') will suffer in ''Jahannam''.#ETISN2009, Thomassen, "Islamic Hell", Numen, 56, 2009: p.401 Both ''Jannah'' and ''Jahannam'' are believed to have several levels. In the case of Jannah, the higher levels are more desirable, and in the case of Jahannam, the lower levels have more severe punishments — in ''Jannah'' the higher the prestige and pleasure, in ''Jahannam'' the severity of the suffering. The afterlife experiences are described as physical, psychic and spiritual. Jannah is described with physical pleasures such as gardens, beautiful houris, wine that has no aftereffects, and "divine pleasure". Their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
