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Haubits FH77
() or FH77 is a Swedish 155 mm howitzer, developed and manufactured by Bofors. It is also colloquially known as the Bofors gun in India. There were several versions, the original (sometimes referred to as Haubits 77 A) with a 38 calibre barrel and Falling-block action, sliding block mechanism, the export version FH77 B version with a 39 calibre barrel and an Interrupted screw, interrupted ogival screw breech. For the demonstrator of the Archer Artillery System, some FH77A were modified into FH 77 AD L/45, while the series production were FH77Bs rebuilt into FH77 BW L/52. The carriage was also used for the 12 cm mobile coastal artillery gun m/80, KARIN, used in the Swedish coastal artillery. Design and development History In the 1960s, Sweden started to look for a replacement for the French Obusier de 155 mm Modèle 50 (''Haubits'' F). The American M109 howitzer, M109 self-propelled howitzer was offered and tested. Though the price was low, the Swedish Arms Administration f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FH70
The FH70 (field howitzer for the 1970s) is a towed 155 mm howitzer used by several nations. History In 1963, NATO agreed a NATO Basic Military Requirement 39 for close support artillery, either towed or tracked. Subsequently, Germany and UK started discussions and design studies and in 1968 established agreed operational characteristics for a towed 155 mm close support gun. Italy became a party to the agreement in 1970. Key requirements were: * A detachable auxiliary power unit (APU) * An unassisted range of ; an assisted range of * A burst capability of three rounds in 15–20 seconds, six rounds per minute for a short period and two rounds per minute sustained * The ability to fire all 155 mm munitions in NATO service, plus a new range of ammunition The two national authorities had overall responsibility for R&D, and Vickers Ltd was the co-ordinating design authority. They were also the design authority for the carriage and Rheinmetall GmbH was the authority f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12 Cm Mobile Coastal Artillery Gun M/80
The 12 cm mobile coastal artillery piece m/80 ( or ''R Kapj 12/80''), also known as KARIN, was a 12 cm Swedish coastal artillery gun developed by Bofors. History During its development, the gun was referred to as KARIN (''Coastal Artillery's Mobile Invasion Defense''). It was designed as a variant of the Haubits 77 sharing significant similarities in construction. Trials began in 1977, and the first production gun was delivered in 1981. Training for conscripts started in 1980, and the first complete combat units were ready in 1983. Six batteries, each equipped with four guns, were established and combined into three Coastal Artillery battalions. The gun was phased out in conjunction with the disbandment of the Coastal Artillery in the year 2000, and the last units were disbanded in November 2003. Construction The 12/80 construction was largely based on the army Haubits 77, sharing the same carriage with auxiliary power unit to make it self-propelled for tactical movement. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armament Research And Development Establishment
In India, the Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE) is a laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Located in Pune, it is the main DRDO lab involved in the development of conventional weapons, conventional armaments. History The Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE) was established in 1958, with the goal of achieving self-sufficiency in the field of armaments. ARDE started working from a rudimentary facility within the campus of Ammunition Factory, Khadki of the Ordnance Factory Board. Personnel were drawn from the erstwhile Technical Development Establishment (Weapons) located in Jabalpur and Technical Development Establishment (Ammunition) at Khadki of the Indian Ordnance Factories. In 1966, ARDE moved to its present location at Pashan, on the outskirts of Pune, next to the National Chemical Laboratory, a major Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR Laboratory. Areas of work ARDE's main area of r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IIT Kanpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT- Kanpur or IIT-K) is a public institute of technology located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. As an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), it was declared an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India under the Institutes of Technology Act. IIT Kanpur has been occasionally ranked among the best academic institutions in India. As of January 2025, at least 17 Padma Shri, 4 Padma Bhushan, 1 Padma Vibhushan, and 33 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients have been affiliated with IIT Kanpur as alumni or faculty members. History IIT Kanpur was established by an Act of Parliament in 1960 by the Government of India. The institute was started in December 1959 in a room in the canteen building of the Harcourt Butler Technological University at Agricultural Gardens in Kanpur. In 1963, the institute moved to its present location, on the Grand Trunk Road near Kalyanpur locality in Kanpur district. The campus, which is p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IIT Madras
The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras or IIT-M) is a public technical university located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the eight public Institutes of Eminence of India. As an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), IIT Madras is also recognized as an Institute of National Importance. Founded in 1959 with technical, academic and financial assistance from the then government of West Germany, IITM was the third Indian Institute of Technology established by the Government of India. IIT Madras has consistently ranked as the best engineering institute in India by the Ministry of Education's National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) since the ranking's inception in 2016. History In 1956, the West German Government rendered technical assistance to establish a state-of-the-art engineering institute in India. Soon, the first Indo-German agreement was signed in Bonn, West Germany in 1959 for the establishment of the Indian Institute of Technology i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M982 Excalibur
The M982 Excalibur (previously XM982) is a 155 mm extended-range guided artillery shell developed in a collaborative effort between the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and the United States Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC). The Excalibur was developed and/or manufactured by prime contractor Raytheon Missiles & Defense, BAE Systems AB (BAE Systems Bofors) and other subs and primes in multiple capacities such as Camber Corporation and Huntington Ingalls Industries. It is a GPS and Inertial navigation system, inertial-guided munition capable of being used in close support situations within of friendly troops or in situations where targets might be Fire discipline#Call for fire, prohibitively close to civilians to attack with conventional unguided artillery fire. In 2015, the United States planned to procure 7,474 rounds with a Fiscal year, FY 2015 total program cost of US$1.9341 billion at an average cost of US$258,777 per unit. By 2016, unit c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bofors/Nexter Bonus
The BONUS (''Bofors Nutating Shell'') or ACED (''Anti-Char à Effet Dirigé'') is a 155 mm guided artillery cluster round co-developed and manufactured by Bofors of Sweden and Nexter of France. It was designed to fulfill a long range, indirect fire, top attack requirement against armoured fighting vehicles. The BONUS base bleed carrier shell contains two submunitions, which descend over the battlefield on winglets and attack targets with explosively formed penetrator warheads. Background The programme was launched in early 1985 as a project study for the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration, with development completion initially expected by 1989 and production by 1990. In 1990, however, development completion was said to have slipped to 1992, the programme suffering delays. In June 1992, a military cooperation protocol was signed between Sweden and France. This partnership took concrete form on March 7, 1993 in Stockholm, with the conclusion of a special agreement on the de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gun Layer
Gun laying is the process of aiming an artillery piece or turret, such as a gun, howitzer, or mortar, on land, at sea, or in air, against surface or aerial targets. It may be laying for either direct fire, where the gun is aimed directly at a target within the line-of-sight of the user, or by indirect fire, where the gun is not aimed directly at a target within the line-of-sight of the user. Indirect fire is determined from the information or data that is collected, calculated, and applied to physical coordinates to identify the location of the target by the user. The term includes automated aiming using, for example, radar-derived target data and computer-controlled guns. Description Gun laying is a set of actions to align the axis of a gun barrel so that it points in the required direction. This alignment is in the horizontal and vertical planes. A gun is "traversed" (rotated in a horizontal plane) to align it with the target, and "elevated" (moved in the vertical plane) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerrycan
A jerrycan or jerrican (also styled jerry can or jerri can) is a fuel container made from pressed steel (and more recently, high-density polyethylene, high density polyethylene). It was designed in Germany in the 1930s for military use to hold of fuel or water, and saw widespread use by both Germany and the Allies of World War II, Allies during the Second World War. The development of the jerrycan was a significant improvement on earlier designs, which required tools and funnels to use, and it contained many innovative features for convenience of use and robustness. Today similar designs are used worldwide for fuel and water containers, in both military and civilian contexts. History The name of the jerrycan refers to its German origins, ''Jerry (WWII), Jerry'' being slang for Germans. The design was reverse engineered and subsequently copied, with minor modifications, by the Allies during the Second World War. German invention The ''Wehrmacht-Einheitskanister'' ("A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrauliska Industri AB
Hydrauliska Industri AB (Hiab) is a Swedish manufacturer of loader cranes, demountable container handlers, forestry cranes, knuckle boom cranes, truck-mounted forklifts and tail lifts. The company is owned by the Cargotec Corporation. History The name, Hiab, comes from the commonly used abbreviation of Hydrauliska Industri AB, a company founded in Hudiksvall, Sweden 1944 by Eric Sundin, a ski manufacturer who saw a way to utilize a truck's engine to power loader-cranes through the use of hydraulics. Hiab invented the world's first hydraulic truck-mounted crane in 1947. On the other side of the Bothnian Sea in Raisio, Finland about the same time, three brothers, Mikko, Mauno and Martti Terho developed a mechanical cable-operated interchangeable platform-loader (Cablelift) that utilised the truck's front winch, with which it was possible to use a variety of platform bodies. In 1949 they started Multilift to manufacture their innovative load handling equipment. The root ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scania SBA111
The Scania SBA111, designated Terrängbil 30 (''Tgb 30''), is a military all-wheel drive cross-country truck designed and manufactured by Scania division of Saab-Scania for the Swedish Armed Forces. Full name is Special Bulldog Allwheeldrive, generation 1, 11-liter diesel engine. Scania SBAT111S designated Terrängbil 40 (''Tgb 40'') is a larger version, sporting three-axle, all-wheel drive. Full name is Special Bulldog Allwheeldrive Tandem, generation 1, 11 liter Supercharged dieselengine. Tests begun in 1971, and Scania was rewarded a SEK 1500 million order in 1975. About 1700 SBA111 and 800 SBAT111S were delivered to the army, air force and navy, until 1981, when production stopped, but was restarted 1986 after an Indian order. On Tgb 40s used for towing the 12-ton 155mm Bofors field howitzer FH 77, the APU of the self-propelled howitzer can be operated by the truck driver with a control unit to the left of the driver's seat to add traction on difficult cross country pass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auxiliary Power Unit
An auxiliary power unit (APU) is a device on a vehicle that provides energy for functions other than propulsion. They are commonly found on large aircraft and naval ships as well as some large land vehicles. Aircraft APUs generally produce 115 V AC voltage at 400 Hz (rather than 50/60 Hz in mains supply), to run the electrical systems of the aircraft; others can produce 28 V DC voltage. APUs can provide power through single or three-phase systems. A jet fuel starter (JFS) is a similar device to an APU but directly linked to the main engine and started by an onboard compressed air bottle. Transport aircraft History During World War I, the British Coastal class blimps, one of several types of airship operated by the Royal Navy, carried a ABC auxiliary engine. These powered a generator for the craft's radio transmitter and, in an emergency, could power an auxiliary air blower. One of the first military fixed-wing aircraft to use an APU was the British, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
