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Hanna Malewska
Hanna Malewska (1911–1983) was a Polish historian and writer, author of historical stories and novels, translator, Home Army soldier, member of the ''Tygodnik Powszechny'' team, and editor-in-chief of the monthly '' Znak''. Biography Early life Born on 21 June 1911 in Jordanowice (now a district of Grodzisk Mazowiecki) to a family descended from the Mazovian line of the Malewskis, impoverished nobility who made considerable contributions to nurturing independence traditions, the daughter of Bronisław Malewski a Jadwiga née Ciświcka. Her father was a doctor and army general, from December 1914, in the medical service of, among others, Gen. Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki's I Corps. After the war, the first Head of the Sanitary Department of the Polish Army in the rank of major-general, a member of the Legislative Sejm on behalf of the National Democracy Movement, and the head of a sanatorium in Grodzisk Mazowiecki. He died tragically in 1920 when after a military commission meet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Governorate
Warsaw Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (''guberniya'') of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire. It was created in 1844 from the Masovia Governorate, Masovia and Kalisz Governorates, and had the capital in Warsaw. In 1867 territories of the Warsaw Governorate were divided into three smaller governorates: a smaller Warsaw Governorate, Piotrków Governorate and the recreated Kalisz Governorate. A small reform in 1893 increased the Warsaw Governorate's size with territories split from Płock Governorate, Płock and Łomża Governorate, Łomża governorates. Language *By the Imperial census of 1897. In bold are languages spoken by more people than the state language. Governors * Evgeni Rozhnov (1863-24.10.1866) * Baron Nikolai Medem (24.10.1866—01.01.1892 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Academy Of Literature
The Polish Academy of Literature () was one of the most important state institutions of literary life in the Second Polish Republic, operating between 1933 and 1939 with the headquarters in Warsaw. It was founded by the decree of the Council of Ministers of the Republic (Rada Ministrów RP). The academy was the highest opinion-forming authority in the country, in charge of all aspects of promoting and honoring the most outstanding contemporary achievements of Polish literature. According to its own statute, the main objective of the academy was to raise the quality level of Poland's publishing, while working in conjunction with the government efforts and NGO endeavors focused on the advancement of Polish culture and art in general. The century of Partitions of Poland, foreign Partitions of Poland, ending in 1918, was marked by the forcible suppression of Polish education, language and religion under Prussian (and later German rule, see Kulturkampf),Maciej JanowskiFrederick's "Iro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antisemitic
Antisemitism or Jew-hatred is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who harbours it is called an antisemite. Whether antisemitism is considered a form of racism depends on the school of thought. Antisemitic tendencies may be motivated primarily by negative sentiment towards Jews as a people or negative sentiment towards Jews with regard to Judaism. In the former case, usually known as racial antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by the belief that Jews constitute a distinct race with inherent traits or characteristics that are repulsive or inferior to the preferred traits or characteristics within that person's society. In the latter case, known as religious antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by their religion's perception of Jews and Judaism, typically encompassing doctrines of supersession that expect or demand Jews to turn away from Judaism and submit to the religion presenting itself as Judaism's successor faith—thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Stomma
Stanisław Stomma (born – 21 July 2005) was a Polish lawyer, habilitated doctor of law, specialist in criminal law, academic teacher, publicist, Catholic activist, and politician. From 1957 to 1976, he was a member of ''Sejm'' of the Polish People's Republic ( II, , , , and terms) representing '' Znak''. From 1981 to 1984, he served as the chairman of the . From 1989 to 1991, he was a senator in the first term and the senior marshal of the in the first term. He was awarded the Order of the White Eagle. Early life He was the son of Ludwik (1859–1910) and Jadwiga ''née'' Jasieńska (1875–1944) and had three sisters: Helena (1901–1972), Zofia (1903–1981), and Aniela (1905–1989). He was born into a landowning family, in the family manor of Šacūnai ( from Kėdainiai and from Šėta) in Lithuania, then under Imperial Russian rule. Interwar He attended the Sigismund Augustus Gymnasium in Vilnius (1922–1928) and joined the Sodality of Our Lady and the during h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross Of Valour (Poland)
The Cross of Valour () is a Polish military decoration. It was introduced by the Council of National Defense on 11 August 1920. It is awarded to an individual who "has demonstrated deeds of valour and courage on the field of battle." It may be awarded to the same person up to four times.The only soldier ever to receive more than 4 Crosses of Valour was Stefan Grot-Rowecki, commander of the Polish Home Army during World War II, who had reached his quota of 4 crosses during World War I and the Polish-Soviet War, yet was awarded 4 more crosses on 1 May 1943. See: The medal is given only in wartime or shortly after.Zdzislaw P. Wesolowski, ''Polish Orders, Medals, Badges and Insignia: Military and Civilian Decorations, 1705–1985'', pp. 22–24, 41–42, 58. History Polish-Soviet War The medal was introduced in 1920 at the height of the Polish-Soviet War, shortly before the climactic Battle of Warsaw. Initially it had no Order Council and was awarded personally by the Commander- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Śródmieście, Warsaw
Śródmieście (), also anglicised as Downtown, is the central Districts and neighbourhoods of Warsaw, district of Warsaw, the capital city of Poland. It encompasses the Old Town, Warsaw, Old Town, the city's historic core, and is the centre of cultural, commercial and political life of the capital. Geography Located in the heart of Warsaw, it encompasses an area of approximately . The district is characterized by its diverse landscape, which includes the Vistula, Vistula River to the east, forming its natural border, and the historic Old Town, Warsaw, Old Town at its core. Śródmieście shares borders with four other districts: Żoliborz to the north, Wola to the west, Ochota to the south-west, and Mokotów to the south, making it a vital hub of urban activity in the capital city. Subdivisions Śródmieście is subdivided into nine Districts and neighbourhoods of Warsaw, municipal neighbourhoods, each governed by the Neighborhood council, neighbourhood council. The current ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wola
Wola () is a district in western Warsaw, Poland. An industrial area with traditions reaching back to the early 19th century, it underwent a transformation into a major financial district, featuring various landmarks and some of the tallest office buildings in the city. History Village Wielka Wola was first mentioned in the 14th century. It became the site of the elections, from 1573 to 1764, of Polish kings by the szlachta (nobility) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Wola district later became famous for the Polish Army's defence of Warsaw in 1794 during the Kościuszko Uprising and in 1831 during the November Uprising, when Józef Sowiński and Józef Bem defended the city against Tsarist forces. In the 17th century, the jurydyki of Wielopole, Leszno, Nowolipie and Grzybów were established, which were incorporated into Warsaw in 1791, and today are wholly or partly within the boundaries of the Wola district. In the 19th century, Wola developed as a factory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwid
Norwid is a Polish last name. Notable people with this last name include: *Cyprian Norwid (1821–1883), Polish poet, dramatist, painter, and sculptor *Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer (15 February 1884 in Rzejowice, near Radomsko – 18 October 1954 in Toronto) was a minister in the interwar Polish government, and a lieutenant general in the Polish Army. M. Norwid Neugebauer, Lieutenant-General, ... (1884–1954), Polish general See also * Cyprian Norwid Theatre {{Surname Polish-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of Information And Propaganda
The Bureau of Information and Propaganda of the Headquarters of Związek Walki Zbrojnej, later of Armia Krajowa ( - in short: ''BIP''), a conspiracy department created in spring 1940 during the German occupation of Poland, inside the Związek Walki Zbrojnej, then of the Supreme Command of Armia Krajowa (as 6th Department). Initially, its commander was Major Tadeusz Kruk-Strzelecki, then Colonel Jan Rzepecki pseudonym "Wolski" or "Prezes". Until the end of 1940, his deputy was Hipolit Niepokólczycki, while since 1944 until January 1945, Captain Kazimierz Moczarski. Tasks of BIP included informing of Polish community activities by the Polish Government in London, documenting activities of the German occupiers, psychological warfare against Nazi propaganda, consolidation of solidarity in the fight for independence of the Polish nation, collecting of information, reports and orders. BIP published underground newspapers, such as: '' Biuletyn Informacyjny'' (''Information Bulleti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Włodzimierz Pietrzak Prize
Włodzimierz may refer to the following : People * Włodzimierz (given name), a Polish variant of the (East) Slavic name Vladimir Places and jurisdictions * Włodzimierz, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) * Włodzimierz, Łask County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) * Włodzimierz, Radomsko County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) * Volodymyr-Volynskyi in Volyn Oblast (Western Ukraine) formerly known as Włodzimierz ołyński* Włodzimierz Voivodeship (1793) * the former Roman Catholic Diocese of Włodzimierz (as Polish for Lodomeria alias Vladimir) See also * Vladimir * Volodymyr * Uladzimir Uladzimir, Uładzimir () is a given name. It is the Belarusian equivalent of Vladimir (), Volodymyr (), Włodzimierz (Polish) and Vladimir () (Bulgarian). The name may refer to: *Uładzimir Arłou (born 1953), Belarusian historian, writer, politi ... {{DEFAULTSORT:Wlodzimierz es:Vladimiro ku:Vladîmîr sk:Vladimír ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
