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Han Linchun
Han Linchun (; 1885–January 18, 1930), courtesy name Zi Fangchen, was a Chinese general during the Warlord Era affiliated with the Fengtian Clique. As Superintendent of the Mukden Arsenal, he played an important role in modernizing the Fengtian Army after its defeat in the First Zhili-Fengtian War. Early life Han Linchun was born into a rich peasant family living in Liaoyang, a city in southeastern Manchuria. Han did well in school, and left in 1904 to study military science in Japan, where he entered the artillery department of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy. He graduated in 1907. After returning to China, he successively served as a member of the Ordinance Department of the Army Department, the Director of the Ordinance Department, and the Dean of the Army Lecture Hall. After the founding of the Republic of China, Han served in various positions in the Ministry of the Army. In June 1916, he was promoted to be a military advisor. In 1919, he visited Europe as a milit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liaoyang
Liaoyang () is a prefecture-level city of east-central Liaoning province, China, situated on the Taizi River. It is approximately one hour south of Shenyang, the provincial capital, by car. Liaoyang is home to Liaoning University's College of Foreign Studies and a number of vocational colleges. The city hosts a limited number of professional basketball and volleyball games in a modern sports facility. According to the latest statistics in 2020, the age distribution of the population in Liaoyang is as follows: 0-14 years old account for 9.83% of the population; 15-59 years old account for 62.26% of the population; 60 years old and above account for 27.91% of the population; 65 years old and above account for 27.91% of the population 19.46% of the population. History Liaoyang is one of the oldest continuously-inhabited cities in northeast China, dating back to before the Warring States period, and the site of the city has not changed ever since. Under the Yan state and the Q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Attaché
A military attaché is a military expert who is attached to a diplomatic mission, often an embassy. This type of attaché post is normally filled by a high-ranking military officer, who retains a commission while serving with an embassy. Opportunities sometimes arise for service in the field with military forces of another sovereign state. The attache has the privileges of a foreign diplomat. History An early example, General Edward Stopford Claremont, served as the first British military attaché (at first described as "military commissioner") based in Paris for 25 years from 1856 to 1881. Though based in the embassy, he was attached to the French army command during the Crimean War of 1853-1856 and later campaigns. The functions of a military attaché are illustrated by actions of U.S. military attachés in Japan around the time of the Russo-Japanese war of 1904–1905. A series of military officers had been assigned to the American diplomatic mission in Tokyo since 1901, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guominjun
The Guominjun (), a.k.a. Nationalist Army, KMC, also called the Northwest Army (西北軍) or People's Army, refers to the military faction founded by Feng Yuxiang, Hu Jingyi and Sun Yue during China's Warlord Era. History The Guominjun was formed when Feng betrayed the Zhili clique during the Second Zhili–Fengtian War with the Fengtian clique in 1924. The Guominjun occupied Beijing, captured Zhili leader Cao Kun and expelled former Qing dynasty emperor Puyi from the Forbidden City. In late 1925, Fengtian general Guo Songling defected to the KMC; this sparked the Anti-Fengtian War against Zhang Zuolin. The Guominjun was incorporated into the Kuomintang's National Revolutionary Army as the "Second Collective Army" in 1928 during the Northern Expedition, and fought alongside the KMT to defeat Fengtian forces ( National Pacification Army) and capture Beijing. In 1929, Feng grew increasingly dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's regime; the Guominjun launched a full r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feng Yuxiang
Feng Yuxiang (; ; 6 November 1882 – 1 September 1948), courtesy name Huanzhang (焕章), was a warlord and a leader of the Republic of China from Chaohu, Anhui. He served as Vice Premier of the Republic of China from 1928 to 1930. He was also known as the "Christian General" for his zeal to convert his troops and the "Traitorous General" for his penchant to break with the establishment. In 1911 he was an officer in the ranks of Yuan Shikai's Beiyang Army but joined forces with revolutionaries against the Qing dynasty. He rose to high rank within Wu Peifu's Zhili warlord faction but launched the Beijing Coup in 1924 that knocked Zhili out of power and brought Sun Yat-sen to Beijing. He joined the Nationalist Party (KMT), supported the Northern Expedition and became blood brothers with Chiang Kai-shek, but resisted Chiang's consolidation of power in the Central Plains War and broke with him again in resisting Japanese incursions in 1933. He spent his later years su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhang Xueliang
Chang Hsüeh-liang (, June 3, 1901 – October 15, 2001), also romanized as Zhang Xueliang, nicknamed the "Young Marshal" (少帥), known in his later life as Peter H. L. Chang, was the effective ruler of Northeast China and much of northern China after the assassination of his father, Zhang Zuolin (the "Old Marshal"), by the Japanese on June 4, 1928. He was an instigator of the 1936 Xi'an Incident, in which Chiang Kai-shek, the leader of China's ruling party, was arrested in order to force him to enter into a truce with the insurgent Chinese Communist Party and form a united front against Japan, which had occupied Manchuria. Chiang agreed, but when he had an opportunity, he seized Chang, who then spent over 50 years under house arrest, first in mainland China and then in Taiwan. Chang is regarded by the Chinese Communist Party as a patriotic hero for his role in the Xi'an Incident. He was also known for having an affair with Edda Mussolini. Biography Early life Chan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guo Songling
Guo Songling () (1883 – 24 December 1925) was an important general of the Manchurian Fengtian clique warlord army led by Zhang Zuolin during the Chinese Warlord Era. A republican sympathiser who briefly served under Sun Yat-Sen, he was a teacher of and an important influence on Zhang Zuolin's son, Zhang Xueliang. Citing desire to avoid civil war, he led a three-month rebellion against Zhang Zuolin which led to his defeat and execution. Youth and formative years Guo Songling was born in 1883 in a village on the outskirts of Mukden, the capital of Fengtian Province, Qing China, which is modern day Shengyang, with a traditional ancestral hometown of Taiyuan in Central China. In 1905, the Viceroy of Manchuria Zhao Erxun set up the Fengtian Primary Army School, to which 22 year old Guo Songling was admitted. On high marks, he was recommended the following year to enter the Baoding Military Academy, Northern China's premier military academy. In 1907, he graduated and joined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shanhai Pass
Shanhai Pass or Shanhaiguan () is one of the major passes in the Great Wall of China, being the easternmost stronghold along the Ming Great Wall, and commands the narrowest choke point in the Liaoxi Corridor. It is located in Shanhaiguan District, Qinhuangdao, Hebei province, on the east bank of the Shi River between the Yan Mountains and the Liaodong Bay coast. In 1961, the pass was selected as the Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level by the State Council of China, and it was listed as part of the Great Wall as a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO in 1987. The pass is a popular tourist destination at the eastern terminal point of the Ming dynasty Great Wall. The location where the wall meets the Bohai Sea is nicknamed " Old Dragon's Head" (老龙头). The pass lies nearly east of Beijing and is linked via the Jingshen Expressway that runs northeastward to Shenyang. Throughout Chinese history, the pass served as a frontline defensive outp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jilin
Jilin (; alternately romanized as Kirin or Chilin) is one of the three provinces of Northeast China. Its capital and largest city is Changchun. Jilin borders North Korea ( Rasŏn, North Hamgyong, Ryanggang and Chagang) and Russia (Primorsky Krai) to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west. Along with the rest of Northeast China, Jilin underwent an early period of industrialization. However, Jilin's economy, characterized by heavy industry, has been facing economic difficulties with privatization. This prompted the central government to undertake a campaign called " Revitalize the Northeast". The region contains large deposits of oil shale. Name The name "Jilin" originates from ''girin ula'' () , a Manchu phrase meaning "along the river", shortened to Kirin in English. This Manchu term was transcribed into ''jilin wula'' ( t , s ) in Chinese characters and shortened the first two characters, which ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Liechen
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect ball of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core. The Sun radiates this energy mainly as light, ultraviolet, and infrared radiation, and is the most important source of energy for life on Earth. The Sun's radius is about , or 109 times that of Earth. Its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, comprising about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. Roughly three-quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium (~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron. The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star (G2V). As such, it is informally, and not completely accurately, referred to as a yellow dwarf (its light is actually white). It formed approximately 4.6 billionAll numbers in this article are short scale. One billion is 109, or 1,000,000,000. years ago from the gravit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiang Dengxuan
Jiang Dengxuan (; 188025 November 1925), courtesy name Chao Liu () was a Chinese general and politician during the Warlord Era, most famous for his service in Zhang Zuolin's Fengtian Army. Early life and education Jiang was born into a wealthy family of landlords and businessmen. He did well in the early stages of the imperial examination system, but China's defeat in the Boxer Rebellion motivated him to become a soldier. In 1903, he went to Japan to study military science. During this period, he was influenced by early Chinese nationalists Huang Xing and Song Jiaoren, and joined Sun Yat-sen's '' Tongmenghui'' the year it was founded. In 1908, he graduated from the Artillery Department of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy. Career Zhu Qinglan's right-hand man Upon returning to China, he served in a military patrol under Zhu Qinglan in Fengtian province. Zhu appreciated his talent, and took him with him when he was transferred to Sichuan. There, Jiang served as a second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mukden Arsenal Mauser
The Mukden Arsenal Mauser also known as the Model 13 Mauser and Liao Type 13 was a rifle that implemented characteristics of both the Mauser Type 4 and the Arisaka rifles. They were mostly built in the Mukden arsenal in Manchukuo. History Origin Œ.W.G. continued improvement of its Steyr Model 1912 Mauser export rifle after 1912 and during the World War I, finalizing a prototype with a shrouded firing pin, shrouded striker, two gas vent holes, detachable box magazine, and a receiver dust cover in 1917, taking a lot of influence from Japanese Type 38 rifle itself derived from Mauser. However before the war end the production of Mannlicher M1895s for the Austro-Hungarian Army was prioritized for obvious reasons, and in 1919 the peace treaty prohibited military arms production in Austria. So Steyr sold a license to a customer in the Far East, which got rid of the detachable box magazine. It has also been suggested that incomplete guns were imported from Austria in 1918-1920. P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Yuting (warlord)
Yang Yuting (; 1886 – January 10, 1929), was a Fengtien clique warlord and Military Governor of Jiangsu during the early period of the Republic of China (Beiyang government) from August to November 1925. He was executed by Zhang Xueliang during a political power struggle. Biography Yang was a native of Shenyang and was sent to Japan in 1904 to study at the Tokyo Shimbu Gakko, a military preparatory school, by the Qing government. He continued training at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, with a specialty in artillery. He returned to China after the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and served in various military posts in the Beiyang government, and was chief of staff for Zhang Zuolin, establisher of Fengtien clique during the 1922 First Zhili–Fengtian War and in the 1924 Second Zhili–Fengtian War. He was governor of Jiangsu Province from August–November 1925. During the revolt of Guo Songling against Zhang Zuolin (Anti-Fengtian War), he was forced to withdraw to Dalian and seek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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