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Hadj Moustapha
Hadj Mustapha was the 7th ruler and Dey of Algiers. He ruled five years after his predecessor Hadj Chaouch. Rule Early career In 1700 the Algerian Dey Hadj Chaouch was forced to resign from his title of bey when Algerian Janissaries rose up against him, the Diwan of Algiers Decided that Mustapha would take his place as he was his old Agha at the time. The same year, the Bey of Tunis Murad III launched a campaign against the Beylik of Constantine. Alongside with Zeïdan ben Ismail who also launched a campaign against the Beylik of Mascara and had already begun pillaging cities such as Tlemcen. The Bey of Constantine Ali Khodja Bey was killed by the Tunisians, for the Algerian Counter attack, Hadj mustapha would eventually manage to beat both the invasions in the battles of Jouami' Al-Ulama and Chelif. Even tho the war seemed over, Murad bey would somehow prepare a large army in Kef for a second invasion of Constantine. But this would seem useless as he was assassinated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunisian–Algerian War (1705)
The Tunisian–Algerian War of 1705 was a military conflict fought between the Beylik of Tunis and the Regency of Algiers, being primarily caused by the desire of Algiers to cripple the power of Tunis for the foreseeable future, due to their participation in the Maghrebi War. Background During the Maghrebi war, The Regency suffered from brutal campaigns from both the West and East by the Moroccan and Tunisian alliance. The Dey of Algiers Hadj Hassen-Chaouch who was in charge during the rest of the war, was mainly helped by his Agha Hadj Mustapha(fr), an important figure in the Maghrebi War. His first battles took place in the Western Beylik during the Mascara Campaign from the Moroccan army of Moulay Ismail who had started pillaging all of the western cities of the beylik of oran. In 1701, Hadj Mustapha helped his vassal Ali Khodja Bey in Constantine, who then died trying to defend Constantine from the army of Ibrahim el Sharif. Mustapha would then meet the Tunisians near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regency Of Algiers
The Regency of Algiers was an Early modern period, early modern semi-independent Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman province and nominal Tributary states of the Ottoman Empire, vassal state on the Barbary Coast of North Africa from 1516 to 1830. Founded by the privateer brothers Aruj Barbarossa, Aruj and Hayreddin Barbarossa, Hayreddin Reis (also known as the Barbarossa brothers), the Regency succeeded the Kingdom of Tlemcen as an infamous and formidable base that waged maritime Religious war, holy war on European Christian powers. Elected regents headed a stratocracy that haunted European imagination for three centuries but still gained recognition as a regional power. The Regency emerged in the 16th-century Ottoman–Habsburg wars. As self-proclaimed gaining popular support and Legitimacy (political), legitimacy from the religious leaders at the expense of hostile local Emir, emirs, the Barbarossa brothers and their successors carved a unique corsair stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Beys Of Constantine, Algeria
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of ''The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deys Of Algiers
Dey's may refer to: * Dey's (company), a department store located in and around Syracuse, New York * Dey's Arena, a series of ice rinks and arenas located in Ottawa, Ontario * Dey's Medical, a pharmaceutical and ayurvedic medicine manufacturer in India See also * Day (other) * Daze (other) * Dey (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Governors And Rulers Of The Regency Of Algiers
This is a list of the Beylerbeys, Pashas and Deys of the Regency of Algiers: Beylerbeys of the Regency of Algiers (1517–1588) Pashas (1577–1659) * Dely Ahmed 1586–1589 *Hızır Pasha 1589–1591 * Hadji Shaban Pasha 1591–1593 * Mustapha Pasha 1593–1594 *Kader Pasha (second time) 1594–1595 * Mustapha II Pasha 1596–1599 * Daly Hassan Pasha 1599–1601 * Somiman Pasha 1601–1603 * Muhammad II the eunuch 1605–1607 *Mustapha III Pasha 1607 * Redwan Pasha 1607–1610 * Kussa Mustapha 1610–1614 * Hasan IV 1614–1616 *Mustapha IV Pasha 1616–1619 * Kassan Kaid Kussa 1619–1621 *Kader Pasha 1621–1626 *Hassan Khodja 1626–1634 * Yusuf II 1634–1645 * *Mahmud Brusali Pasha 1645–1647 * Yusef Pasha 1647–1650 * Mehmed Pasha 1650–1653 * Ahmed Pasha (first period of rule) 1653–1655 * Ibrahim Pasha (first period) 1655–1656 * Ahmed Pasha (second period) 1656–1657 * Ibrahim Pasha (second period) 1657–1659 * Ahmed Pasha (third period) 1658–1659 Aghas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Execution
A public execution is a form of capital punishment which "members of the general public may voluntarily attend." This definition excludes the presence of only a small number of witnesses called upon to assure executive accountability. The purpose of such displays has historically been to deter individuals from defying laws or authorities. Attendance at such events was historically encouraged and sometimes even mandatory. Most countries have abolished the death penalty entirely, either in law or in practice. While today most countries regard public executions with distaste, they have been practiced at some point in history nearly everywhere. At many points in the past, public executions were preferred to executions behind closed doors because of their capacity for deterrence. However, the actual efficacy of this form of terror is disputed. They also allowed the convicted the opportunity to make a final speech, gave the state the chance to display its power in front of those who fel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donkey
The donkey or ass is a domesticated equine. It derives from the African wild ass, ''Equus africanus'', and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, ''Equus africanus asinus'', or as a separate species, ''Equus asinus''. It was domesticated in Africa some years ago, and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time. There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as Working animal, draught or pack animal, pack animals. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding, as pets, and for livestock protection in developed countries. An adult male donkey is a ''jack'' or ''jackass'', an adult female is a ''jenny'' or ''jennet'', and an immature donkey of either sex is a ''foal''. Jacks are often mated with horse, female horses (mares) to produce ''mule, mules''; the less common hybrid of a stalli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunisians
Tunisians () are the citizens and nationals of Tunisia in North Africa, who speak Tunisian Arabic and share a common Tunisian culture and identity. In addition to the approximately 12 million residents in Tunisia, a Tunisian diaspora has been established with modern migration, particularly in Western Europe, namely France, Italy and Germany. The vast majority of Tunisians are Arabs who adhere to Sunni Islam. History Africa and Ifriqiya The Phoenicians, a Semitic people, migrated and settled in the region of present-day Tunisia from the 12th to the 2nd century BC, establishing numerous settlements on the coast, including ancient Carthage which emerged as the most powerful by the 7th century BC. The migrants brought with them their culture and language that progressively spread from Tunisia's coastal areas to the rest of the coastal areas of Northwest Africa, as well as parts of the Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean islands.Aubet, M. E. (2001). The Phoenicians an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabyles
The Kabyle people (, or ''Leqbayel'' or ''Iqbayliyen'', , ) are a Berber ethnic group indigenous to Kabylia in the north of Algeria, spread across the Atlas Mountains, east of Algiers. They represent the largest Berber population of Algeria and the second largest in North Africa. Many of the Kabyles have emigrated from Algeria, influenced by factors such as the Algerian Civil War, cultural repression by the central Algerian government, and overall industrial decline. Their diaspora has resulted in Kabyle people living in numerous countries. Large populations of Kabyle people settled in France and, to a lesser extent, Canada (mainly Québec) and United States. The Kabyle people speak Kabyle, a Berber language. Since the Berber Spring of 1980, they have been at the forefront of the fight for the official recognition of Berber languages in Algeria. Etymology The word 'Kabyle' (Kabyle: Iqbayliyen) is an exonym, and a distortion of the Arabic word ''qaba'il'' (قبائل), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piastre
The piastre or piaster () is any of a number of units of currency. The term originates from the Italian for "thin metal plate". The name was applied to Spanish and Hispanic American pieces of eight, or pesos, by Venetian traders in the Levant in the 16th century. These pesos, minted continually for centuries, were readily accepted by traders in many parts of the world. After the countries of Latin America had gained independence, pesos of Mexico began flowing in through the trade routes, and became prolific in the Far East, taking the place of the Spanish pieces of eight which had been introduced by the Spanish at Manila, and by the Portuguese at Malacca. When the French colonised Indochina, they began issuing the new French Indochinese piastre (''piastre de commerce''), which was equal in value to the familiar Spanish and Mexican pesos. In the Ottoman Empire, the word ''piastre'' was a colloquial European name of Kuruş. Successive currency reforms by debasing the Ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Kef
El Kef ( '), also known as ''Le Kef'', is a city in northwestern Tunisia. It serves as the capital of the Kef Governorate. El Kef is situated to the west of Tunis and some east of the border between Algeria and Tunisia. It has a population of (2004 census). The old town is built on the cliff face of the table-top Jebel Dyr mountain. El Kef was the provisional capital of Tunisia during World War II. It was the command centre of the Front de Libération Nationale during the Algerian War of Independence against the French in the 1950s. The Sidi Bou Makhlouf Mausoleum entombs the patron saint of the city. Geography The highest-elevated city of Tunisia, at , its metropolitan area reaches of which lie within the interior of the old walled Medina quarter. The municipality of El Kef is shared between two national delegates, East Kef and West Kef, which correspond to the two municipal boroughs. History Etymology First known by the name of Sicca during the Cartha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eyalet Of Tunis
Eyalets (, , ), also known as beylerbeyliks or pashaliks, were the primary administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire. From 1453 to the beginning of the nineteenth century the Ottoman local government was loosely structured. The empire was at first divided into states called eyalets, presided over by a beylerbey (title equivalent to duke in Turkish and Amir al Umara in Arabic) of three tails (feathers borne on a state officer's ceremonial staff). The grand vizier was responsible for nominating all the high officers of state, both in the capital and the states. Between 1861 and 1866, these eyalets were abolished, and the territory was divided for administrative purposes into vilayets (provinces). The eyalets were subdivided into districts called livas or sanjaks, each of which was under the charge of a pasha of one tail, with the title of mira-lira, or sanjak-bey. These provinces were usually called pashaliks by Europeans. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
