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Habr Maqdi
The Habr Maqdi (Arabic language, Arabic: هبرمقدي) was a historical Somali people, Somali confederation that composed of multiple clans such as the Bartire and Yabarre who are considered now a part of the Jidwaq (clan), Jidwaaq and come under the Absame Darod branch. The Habr Maqdi are well known for their conquests in Abyssinia as they had played a very prominent role in Ethiopian–Adal War, Ethiopian-Adal War. They are famous for bringing the largest army and were very loyal to Imam Ahmed. Richard Francis Burton, Richard Burton documented the Bartire branch of Habr Maqdi to have long been connected with the emirs of Harar. Both sub-clans of Habr Maqdi are mentioned explicitly in Futuh al-Habesh. Origin The Habar Maqdi, Habr Maqdi is a historical Somali clan, The prominent subclans of Habar Maqdi are Jidwaq (clan), Bartire and Jidwaq (clan), Yabarray subclans who both fought during the Abyssinian-Adal War, Adal-Abyssinian War. They primarily inhabit the Somali Region of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adal Sultanate
The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire or Barr Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling ''Adel Sultanate'', ''Adal Sultanate'') (), was a medieval Sunni Muslim empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on the Harar plateau in Adal after the fall of the Sultanate of Ifat. The kingdom flourished to 1577.. At its height, the polity under Sultan Badlay controlled the territory stretching from Cape Guardafui in Somalia to the port city of Suakin in Sudan. The Adal Empire maintained a robust commercial and political relationship with the Ottoman Empire. Sultanate of Adal was alternatively known as the federation of Zeila. Etymology Adal is believed to be an abbreviation of Havilah. Eidal or Aw Abdal, was the Emir of Harar in the eleventh century which the lowlands outside the city of Harar is named. In the thirteenth century, the Arab writer al-Dimashqi refers to the city of Zeila, by its Somali name "Awdal" (). The modern Awdal region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jijiga
Jijiga (, , ''Jijiga'') is the capital city of Somali Region, Ethiopia. It became the capital of the Somali Region in 1995 after it was moved from Gode. Located in the Fafan Zone with 75 km (37 mi) west of the border with Somaliland, the city has an elevation of 1,634 metres above sea level. Jigjiga is traditionally the seat of the Bartire Garad Wiil-Waal of the Jidwaaq Absame. The International airport is named after him. Etymology The name ''Jigjiga'' is said to come from the onomatopoeic word ''jig-jig'', representing the rumbling sounds made by an earthquake, or the noise from water wells on the outskirts of the city. Jigjiga is an example of many onomatopoeic words in Somali. History The region around Jijiga is believed to be associated with the medieval Gidaya state which existed as early as thirteenth century. One of the earliest references to Jijiga comes from W.C. Barker in 1842 who mentions it as one of the ''mahalla'' or halting-places of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmed Girri Bin Hussein Al Somali
Ahmed Girri Bin Hussein ( Somali: ''Axmed Girri Bin Xussein,'' Arabic: أحمد جرئ بن حسين) was a Somali military commander and general that served the Adal Sultanate. He played a key prominent role in the campaigns of Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi by bringing one of the largest armies to aid the Imam in Jihad. Ahmed Girri hailed from the Yabarray clan. He was also the chieftain of Habr Maqdi which was a collective of Yabarray and Bartire. He was regarded one of the most capable generals during the Conquest of Abyssinia alongside Garad Matan. Early life Born into the prominent Jidwaaq clan, he played a key role in the Muslim conquests of the Horn of Africa by bringing one of the largest armies to Adal. and was mentioned among the honorable knights of the Imam. Ahmed Girri Bin Hussein was the commander of Adal empire . Robert Ferry also confirms“Warrior valor has remained one of the main qualities of the Somalis to this day; on the other hand, we know that the Soma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matan Ibn Uthman Al Somali
Matan ibn Uthman ibn Khalid (, ) born early 1490 – 28 October 1531, also known as Garad Matan, was a Somalis, Somali military commander and Adal Sultanate, Adalite general that served the Adal Sultanate. He led key and decisive battles, famously in charge of the Somali divisions. He was also the brother-in-law of Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, Imam Ahmed and his right-hand man. Garad Matan played a very prominent role in the campaigns against the Ethiopian Empire, Abyssinians, killing the son of Lebna Dengel, Victor. Garad Matan hailed from the Geri Koombe clan. He was regarded as one of the most courageous military generals in East Africa well documented in the Futuh Al Habash Early life Born into the powerful Geri Koombe clan, a branch of the Darod, Darood, he was a key figure in the Spread of Islam#Horn of Africa, Muslim conquests in the Horn of Africa. He began his career as a knight, similar to his brother-in-law, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, Imam Ahmed, who also began as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marehan
The Marehan (, ) is a Somali clan, which is part of one of the largest Somali clan families, the Darod. The clan are the largest tribe in the Jubaland state and make the majority of the Gedo, Middle Juba and Lower Juba states, some major cities in these states owned by the tribe are Beled Hawo, Jilib, Saakow, Kismayo, Bardhere and Burgabo. They are primarily concentrated on the western part of Middle Juba primarily in Bu'aale where their camels graze deep into the Lower Shabelle and the coasts of Lower Juba. They live as far south as the towns Bilis Qooqaani, Bibi and Midi and the town Diff. The tribe are single handedly the majority of the Kismayo district, with a territory extending as far as the Badhadhe District region, dominating it almost completely comprisng the most territory followed by the Degodi and Gaaljecel tribes, primarily living in the coastal plains, with their main population centres being Ras Marehan and Burgabo. Some major towns/districts of the tribe include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geri Koombe
The Geri Koombe (, ) is a sub-clan of Darod, an archaic prominent Somali clan with the first mention of Garadship, the Geri clan have produced notable figures such as Ahmed Gurey and his brother in law Matan ibn Uthman Al Somali, Garad Matan. During the early middle ages, the Gidaya Kingdom emerged as a significant power in the 12th century, later establishing itself as an autonomous polity allied with the Adal Sultanate.Thirteenth century Arab writer Al-Mufaddal ibn Abi al-Fada'il, al-Mufaḍḍal documents a Geri king of Gidaya ruling Shewa named Yusuf ibn Aarsame Arab manuscripts also identify a later ruler known as Sihab al-Din Gidaya Girri, who is identified as the lord and principal ruler of Gidaya The Geri Koombe are renowned for their Christian highland conquest in Abyssinia during the 16th century where they spearheaded the conquest of Ethiopian Empire, Abyssinia which resulted in the islamisation of nearly half of Ethiopia and the siege of Aksum. Three centuries later, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malassay
A Malassay (Harari language, Harari: መለሳይ ''Mäläsay'', Somali language, Somali: Maalasay) was a member of the elite cavalry units that formed the Adal Sultanate's household troops. According to Manfred Kropp, Malassay were the Harari people, Harari armed forces. Etymology Malassay appears to refer to a military rank or warrior in Afar language, Afar and Harari language, Harari languages. According to Dr. Duri Mohammed, Malassay in ancient times referred to Harari soldiers, however in the present day it refers to a brotherhood or member of a fraternity. According to Harari scholar Abdurrahman Qorram and others, Malassay derives from the root Harari terms ''"mälä"'' (ways and means/solution) and ''"say"'' (wealth/prosperity).” German historian Manfred Kropp, suggests that it may be associated with the Harari title Malak (title), Malak. History Early Ge'ez and Portuguese language, Portuguese texts indicate Muslim soldiers were known as the Malassay. In the thirteenth c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Ibn Ibrahim Al-Ghazi
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (, Harari: አሕመድ ኢብራሂም አል-ጋዚ, ; 21 July 1506 – 10 February 1543) was the Imam of the Adal Sultanate from 1527 to 1543. Commonly named Ahmed ''Gragn'' in Amharic and ''Gurey'' in Somali, both meaning the left-handed, he led the invasion and conquest of Abyssinia from the Sultanate of Adal during the Ethiopian–Adal War. He is often referred to as the "King of Zeila" in medieval texts. Dubbed "The African Attila" by Orientalist Frederick A. Edwards, Imam Ahmed's conquests reached all the way to the borders of the Sultanate of Funj. Imam Ahmed won nearly all his battles against the Ethiopians before 1541 and after his victory at Battle of Amba Sel, the Ethiopian Emperor, Dawit II was never again in a position to offer a pitched battle to his army and was subsequently forced to live as an outlaw constantly hounded by Imam Ahmed's soldiers, the Malassay. Early years Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi was born in 1506 and ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berbera
Berbera (; , ) is the capital of the Sahil, Somaliland, Sahil region of Somaliland and is the main sea port of the country, located approximately 160 km from the national capital, Hargeisa. Berbera is a coastal city and was the former capital of the British Somaliland protectorate before Hargeisa. It also served as a major port of the Ifat Sultanate, Ifat, Adal Sultanate, Adal and Isaaq Sultanate, Isaaq sultanates from the 13th to 19th centuries. In antiquity, Berbera was part of a chain of commercial port cities along the Somali seaboard. During the early modern period, Berbera was the most important place of trade in the Somali Peninsula. It later served as the capital of the British Somaliland protectorate from 1884 to 1941, when it was replaced by Hargeisa. In 1960, the British Somaliland protectorate gained independence as the State of Somaliland and united five days later with the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somalia) to form the Somali Republic.Encyclopædi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harar
Harar (; Harari language, Harari: ሀረር / ; ; ; ), known historically by the indigenous as Harar-Gey or simply Gey (Harari: ጌይ, ݘٛىيْ, ''Gēy'', ), is a List of cities with defensive walls, walled city in eastern Ethiopia. It is also known in Arabic as the City of Wali, Saints (). Harar is the capital city of the Harari Region. The ancient city is located on a hilltop in the eastern part of the country and is about from the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa at an elevation of . For centuries, Harar has been a major commercial center, linked by the trade routes with the rest of Ethiopia, the entire Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Asia, and through its ports, the outside world. Harar Jugol, the old walled city, was listed as a World Heritage Site in 2006 by UNESCO in recognition of its cultural heritage. Because of Harar's long history of involvement during times of trade in the Arabian Peninsula, the Government of Ethiopia has made it a criminal offence to demol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bu'ale
Bu'ale ( ) is an agricultural town in Southern Somalia Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. The country is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, th ..., the capital of the Middle Juba region and the capital city of the Jubaland State of Somalia. History Bu'ale was made the capital city of Jubaland on 2 April 2013. Since 2014, the town, along with Jilib and Jamame, is under the control of the Islamist militant group al-Shabaab. References Bu'aale Populated places in Middle Juba {{Somalia-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somalia
Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. The country is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the Indian Ocean to the east. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland. Somalia has an estimated population of 18.1 million, of which 2.7 million live in the capital and largest city, Mogadishu. Around 85% of Somalia's residents are ethnic Somali people, Somalis. The official languages of the country are Somali language, Somali and Arabic, though Somali is the Languages of Somalia, primary language. Somalia has historic and religious ties to the Arab world. The people in Somalia are mainly Muslims, following the Sunni Islam, Sunni branch.. In antiquity, Somalia was an important commercial center. During the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade, including th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
