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General Transit Feed Specification
GTFS, which stands for General Transit Feed Specification or (originally) Google Transit Feed Specification, defines a common format for public transportation schedules and associated geographic information. GTFS contains only static or scheduled information about public transport services, and is sometimes known as GTFS Static to distinguish it from the GTFS Realtime extension, which defines how information on the realtime status of services can be shared. History What was to become GTFS started out as a side project of Google employee Chris Harrelson in 2005, who “monkeyed around with ways to incorporate transit data into Google Maps when he heard from Tim and Bibiana McHugh, married IT managers at TriMet, the transit agency for Portland, Oregon”. McHugh is cited with being frustrated about finding transit directions in unfamiliar cities, while popular mapping services were already offering easy-to-use driving directions at the time. Bibiana and Tim McHugh eventually g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GTFS Class Diagram
GTFS, which stands for General Transit Feed Specification or (originally) Google Transit Feed Specification, defines a common format for public transportation schedules and associated geographic information. GTFS contains only static or scheduled information about public transport services, and is sometimes known as GTFS Static to distinguish it from the GTFS Realtime extension, which defines how information on the realtime status of services can be shared. History What was to become GTFS started out as a side project of Google employee Chris Harrelson in 2005, who “monkeyed around with ways to incorporate transit data into Google Maps when he heard from Tim and Bibiana McHugh, married IT managers at TriMet, the transit agency for Portland, Oregon”. McHugh is cited with being frustrated about finding transit directions in unfamiliar cities, while popular mapping services were already offering easy-to-use driving directions at the time. Bibiana and Tim McHugh eventually g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GTFS Realtime
GTFS, which stands for General Transit Feed Specification or (originally) Google Transit Feed Specification, defines a common format for public transportation schedules and associated geographic information. GTFS contains only static or scheduled information about public transport services, and is sometimes known as GTFS Static to distinguish it from the GTFS Realtime extension, which defines how information on the realtime status of services can be shared. History What was to become GTFS started out as a side project of Google employee Chris Harrelson in 2005, who “monkeyed around with ways to incorporate transit data into Google Maps when he heard from Tim and Bibiana McHugh, married IT managers at TriMet, the transit agency for Portland, Oregon”. McHugh is cited with being frustrated about finding transit directions in unfamiliar cities, while popular mapping services were already offering easy-to-use driving directions at the time. Bibiana and Tim McHugh eventually g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journey Planner
A journey planner, trip planner, or route planner is a specialized search engine used to find an optimal means of travelling between two or more given locations, sometimes using more than one transport mode. Searches may be optimized on different criteria, for example ''fastest'', ''shortest'', ''fewest changes'', ''cheapest''. They may be constrained, for example, to leave or arrive at a certain time, to avoid certain waypoints, etc. A single journey may use a sequence of several modes of transport, meaning the system may know about public transport services as well as transport networks for private transportation. Trip planning or journey planning is sometimes distinguished from ''route planning'', which is typically thought of as using private modes of transportation such as cycling, driving, or walking, normally using a single mode at a time. Trip or journey planning, in contrast, would make use of at least one public transport mode which operates according to published sched ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Key
A foreign key is a set of attributes in a table that refers to the primary key of another table. The foreign key links these two tables. Another way to put it: In the context of relational databases, a foreign key is a set of attributes subject to a certain kind of inclusion dependency constraints, specifically a constraint that the tuples consisting of the foreign key attributes in one relation, R, must also exist in some other (not necessarily distinct) relation, S, and furthermore that those attributes must also be a candidate key in S. In simpler words, a foreign key is a set of attributes that ''references'' a candidate key. For example, a table called TEAM may have an attribute, MEMBER_NAME, which is a foreign key referencing a candidate key, PERSON_NAME, in the PERSON table. Since MEMBER_NAME is a foreign key, any value existing as the name of a member in TEAM must also exist as a person's name in the PERSON table; in other words, every member of a TEAM is also a PERSON. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primary Key
In the relational model of databases, a primary key is a ''specific choice'' of a ''minimal'' set of attributes ( columns) that uniquely specify a tuple ( row) in a relation ( table). Informally, a primary key is "which attributes identify a record," and in simple cases constitute a single attribute: a unique ID. More formally, a primary key is a choice of candidate key (a minimal superkey); any other candidate key is an alternate key. A primary key may consist of real-world observables, in which case it is called a '' natural key'', while an attribute created to function as a key and not used for identification outside the database is called a '' surrogate key''. For example, for a database of people (of a given nationality), time and location of birth could be a natural key. National identification number is another example of an attribute that may be used as a natural key. History Although mainly used today in the relational database context, the term "primary key" pre-dates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CSV File
A comma-separated values (CSV) file is a delimited text file that uses a comma to separate values. Each line of the file is a data record. Each record consists of one or more fields, separated by commas. The use of the comma as a field separator is the source of the name for this file format. A CSV file typically stores tabular data (numbers and text) in plain text, in which case each line will have the same number of fields. The CSV file format is not fully standardized. Separating fields with commas is the foundation, but commas in the data or embedded line breaks have to be handled specially. Some implementations disallow such content while others surround the field with quotation marks, which yet again creates the need for escaping if quotation marks are present in the data. The term "CSV" also denotes several closely-related delimiter-separated formats that use other field delimiters such as semicolons. These include tab-separated values and space-separated values. A de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Of German Transport Companies
The Association of German Transport Companies is the umbrella organization of organizations of transit authorities and other public transport companies. The membership fluctuates in the range of about 600 transport companies. It is a member of the International Association of Public Transport. The current organization (VdV) was founded in 1991 with its headquarters in Cologne. The predecessor is the (VöV) (Association of ermanPublic Transport Companies) that was founded in 1949 in Stuttgart with main office in Essen until 1959 when it moved to Cologne. There is a predecessor for the VöV as well deriving from umbrella railway organizations in the early 19th century that were forming a subsidiary of (Association of German Tram and Light Railway Authorities) in 1895 in Munich. With a broadened scope of non-railway transportation it changed its name to (Association of German Transport Authorities) in 1928 with the main office in Berlin. With the Nazi Gleichschaltung its functi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transmodel
Transmodel (formally ''CEN TC278, Reference Data Model For Public Transport, EN12896'') is the CEN European Reference Data Model for Public Transport Information; it provides a conceptual model of common public transport concepts and data structures that can be used to build many different kinds of public transport information system, including for timetabling, fares, operational management, real time data, journey planning etc. Scope Transmodel provides a comprehensive conceptual model for public transport (PT) information systems including passenger information systems, with coverage of a number of different subdomains of PT information, including transport network infrastructure and topology, public transport schedules, journey planning, fares, fare validation, real-time passenger information and operational aspects of public transport. * It is documented and diagrammed as an entity-relationship model and in Unified Modeling Language (UML), accompanied by detailed descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UTF-8
UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding used for electronic communication. Defined by the Unicode Standard, the name is derived from ''Unicode'' (or ''Universal Coded Character Set'') ''Transformation Format 8-bit''. UTF-8 is capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid character code points in Unicode using one to four one- byte (8-bit) code units. Code points with lower numerical values, which tend to occur more frequently, are encoded using fewer bytes. It was designed for backward compatibility with ASCII: the first 128 characters of Unicode, which correspond one-to-one with ASCII, are encoded using a single byte with the same binary value as ASCII, so that valid ASCII text is valid UTF-8-encoded Unicode as well. UTF-8 was designed as a superior alternative to UTF-1, a proposed variable-length encoding with partial ASCII compatibility which lacked some features including self-synchronization and fully ASCII-compatible handling of characters such as slashes. Ken Thompson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Text File
A text file (sometimes spelled textfile; an old alternative name is flatfile) is a kind of computer file that is structured as a sequence of lines of electronic text. A text file exists stored as data within a computer file system. In operating systems such as CP/M and MS-DOS, where the operating system does not keep track of the file size in bytes, the end of a text file is denoted by placing one or more special characters, known as an end-of-file marker, as padding after the last line in a text file. On modern operating systems such as Microsoft Windows and Unix-like systems, text files do not contain any special EOF character, because file systems on those operating systems keep track of the file size in bytes. Most text files need to have end-of-line delimiters, which are done in a few different ways depending on operating system. Some operating systems with record-orientated file systems may not use new line delimiters and will primarily store text files with lines se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mapzen
Mapzen, founded in 2013 and headquartered in New York City, was an open source mapping platform company focused on the core components of geo platforms, including search (geocoding), rendering ( vector tiles), navigation/ routing, and data. Mapzen's components are used by OpenStreetMap, CartoDB, and Remix, amongst others. The components, hosted on GitHub, are written in JavaScript, Ruby, Java, and Python. Mapzen's CEO, Randy Meech, was previously SVP of engineering for MapQuest. Mapzen was supported by Samsung Research America and was known to have hired mapping specialists from Apple. Mapzen shut down operations in late January, 2018. On the 28th of January 2019 The Linux Foundation announced Mapzen would become a Linux Foundation Project. Projects Mapzen's hosted products were powered by open-source components, including: Pelias- a geocoder/search engine Tangram- a set of cross-platform 3D map rendering libraries Tilezen- vector map tiles based on OpenStreetMap data V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
