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Gülüstan, Nakhchivan
Gülüstan () is a village and municipality in the Julfa District of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located 5 km in the north-west from the district center, on the right bank of the Aras (river), Aras River. The modern site of Gülüstan was originally the location of a district of the city of Julfa, Azerbaijan (city), Julfa. The village was called Cuğa until 1999, derived from the Armenian name of the city. During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, the Armenian population of the village was Ethnic cleansing, ethnically cleansed. Its current population is busy with farming and animal husbandry. There is a secondary school, a cultural house, two libraries, a communication center, and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 482. Armenian presence Primary sources indicate that between 1604 and 1605, around 250,000 to 300,000 Armenians were Great_Surgun, involuntarily relocated from the region, and a significant number lost their live ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Administrative Divisions Of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan is administratively divided into 67 districts () and 11 cities () that are subordinate to the Republic. Out of these districts and cities, 7 districts and 1 city are located within the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The districts are further divided into Municipalities of Azerbaijan, municipalities (). Additionally, the districts of Azerbaijan are grouped into 14 Economic regions of Azerbaijan, Economic Regions (). On 7 July 2021, President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev signed a decree "On the new division of economic regions in the Republic of Azerbaijan". Administrative divisions Contiguous Azerbaijan The list below represents the districts of contiguous Azerbaijan. For those of the Nakhchivan exclave, see further below. Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic The seven districts and one municipality of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic are listed below. Economic regions Nagorno-Karabakh The territory of former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast presently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Cemetery In Julfa
The Armenian cemetery in Julfa (, ''Jughayi gerezmanatun'') was a cemetery near the town of Julfa, Azerbaijan (city), Julfa (known as Jugha in Armenian), in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan that originally housed around 10,000 funerary monuments. The tombstones consisted mainly of thousands of ''khachkars—''uniquely decorated cross-stones characteristic of medieval Christian Armenian art. The cemetery was still standing in the late 1990s, when the government of Azerbaijan began a the monuments. Several appeals were filed by both Armenian and international organizations, condemning the Azerbaijani government and calling on it to desist from such activity. In 2006, Azerbaijan barred European Parliament members from investigating the claims, charging them with a "biased and hysterical approach" to the issue and stating that it would only accept a delegation if it visited Armenian-occupied territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh, Armenian-occupi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populated Places In Julfa District
Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and plants, and has specific uses within such fields as ecology and genetics. Etymology The word ''population'' is derived from the Late Latin ''populatio'' (a people, a multitude), which itself is derived from the Latin word ''populus'' (a people). Use of the term Social sciences In sociology and population geography, population refers to a group of human beings with some predefined feature in common, such as location, race, ethnicity, nationality, or religion. Ecology In ecology, a population is a group of organisms of the same species which inhabit the same geographical area and are capable of interbreeding. The area of a sexual population is the area where interbreeding is possible between any opposite-sex pair within the area ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenians Of Julfa
Julfa, also called Jugha or Djulfa, a historic town located in modern-day Azerbaijan, was once home to a thriving Armenian community known for their art, culture, and trade. The Armenians who lived in Julfa were primarily members of the Armenian Apostolic Church. History The history of Julfa's Armenian community dates back to the 6th century, when Armenians first settled in the region. Over the centuries, the community grew and prospered, establishing trade connections with neighboring cities and towns and becoming known for their expertise in craftsmanship. Approximately 250,000 to 300,000 Armenians were forcibly displaced from the area between 1604 and 1605, with many dying while attempting to cross the Arax River. Most of the Armenians were eventually relocated to Iranian Azerbaijan, where they joined the Armenians who had already established themselves there. Additionally, a number of individuals were transported to areas such as Mazandaran, and urban centers like Sultanie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralised authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued into the Early Middle Ages. The large-scale movements of the Migration Period, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—once part of the Byzantine Empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajami Nakhchivani
Ajami ibn Abubakr Nakhchivani was a 12th and 13th-century Muslim architect who contributed greatly to the architecture of Nakhchivan. He was the founder of the Nakhchivan school of architecture and is the architect of buildings such as Yusif ibn Kuseyir Mausoleum, Momine Khatun Mausoleum and Juma Mosque. Architecture Yusif ibn Kuseyir Mausoleum One of the ancient monuments created by Ajami is the mausoleum of Yusif ibn Kuseyir, known as "Atababa". The ayahs (verses) from Koran are inscribed on the walls of the monument. Date of construction of this mausoleum (1161-1162 AD) was defined from its traditional built-in plate or ''katiba''. This eight-sided mausoleum consists of the underground plinth burial place (sardaba, or cellar) and its on-ground top. Each side of this construction is decorated with various ornaments. Momine Khatun Mausoleum The masterpiece of Ajami is the Momina-Khatun's mausoleum, also known as the Atabey's Cupola - Atabei Gumbazi. The mauso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Momine Khatun Mausoleum
Momine Khatun Mausoleum () is a mausoleum, also known as the Atabek Dome, located in the city of Nakhchivan of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic in Azerbaijan. It was built in 1186 by the architect Ajami ibn Abubekr Nakhchivani. The ten-sided mausoleum reached a height of 34 meters. Today its height is only 25 meters (without the tent, which has not been preserved). The mausoleum, built and named after the mother of one of the local rulers of Azerbaijan, Atabek Jahan Pahlavan of Ildegezid dynasty, is masterfully decorated with complex geometric ornaments and inscriptions from Koran. Although the original height of the tomb, built by the architect Ajami Nakhchivani in 1186, was 34 meters, its tent-shaped dome is not completed nowadays; therefore, the tomb has a height of 25 meters (without the hipped dome). The grave of Momina Khatun is the only monument from the Atabaylar architectural complex that has survived to nowadays. The general structure of Momina Khatun tomb consists of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulustan Mausoleum
The Gulustan Mausoleum (), also known as the Dasht ("fields") Mausoleum, and the Vardut (Armenian for "roses") Mausoleum after the site's original name, is a medieval sepulchral monument in Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan region. The settlement of Vardut was destroyed when its Armenian population, like that of nearby Jugha, was forcefully deported to Isfahan in 1605. The mausoleums of Nakhichevan were nominated for List of World Heritage Sites, UNESCO in 1998 — president of Azerbaijan Committee of ICOMOS—International Council on Monuments and Sites. Architecture The mausoleum was built in the 12th-13th centuries. Gulustan means "heavenly garden" because the mausoleum is located in a green hollow, not far from the Aras River The Aras is a transboundary river in the Caucasus. It rises in eastern Turkey and flows along the borders between Turkey and Armenia, between Turkey and the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan, between Iran and both Azerbaijan and Armenia, and, fin ... and thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhas Of Bamiyan
The Buddhas of Bamiyan (, ) were two monumental Buddhist statues in the Bamiyan Valley of Afghanistan, built possibly around the 6th-century. Located to the northwest of Kabul, at an elevation of , carbon dating of the structural components of the Buddhas has determined that the smaller "Eastern Buddha" was built around 570 CE, and the larger "Western Buddha" was built around 618 CE, which would date both to the time when the Hephthalites ruled the region.Eastern Buddha: 549–579 CE (1 σ range, 68.2% probability) 544–595 CE (2 σ range, 95.4% probability). Western Buddha: 605–633 CE (1 σ range, 68.2%) 591–644 CE (2 σ range, 95.4% probability). In Blänsdorf et al. (2009). As a UNESCO World Heritage Site of historical Afghan Buddhism, it was a holy site for Buddhists on the Silk Road. However, in March 2001, both statues were destroyed by the Taliban following an order given on February 26, 2001, by Taliban leader Mullah Muhammad Omar, to destroy all the statues i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Genocide
Cultural genocide or culturicide is a concept first described by Polish lawyer Raphael Lemkin in 1944, in the same book that coined the term ''genocide''. The destruction of culture was a central component in Lemkin's formulation of genocide. The precise definition of ''cultural genocide'' remains contested, and the United Nations does not include it in the definition of ''genocide'' used in the 1948 Genocide Convention. The Armenian Genocide Museum defines culturicide as "acts and measures undertaken to destroy nations' or ethnic groups' culture through spiritual, national, and cultural destruction", which appears to be essentially the same as ethnocide. Some ethnologists, such as Robert Jaulin, use the term '' ethnocide'' as a substitute for ''cultural genocide'', although this usage has been criticized as risking the confusion between ethnicity and culture. Cultural genocide and ethnocide have in the past been utilized in distinct contexts. Cultural genocide without et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Julfa
New Julfa (, ''Now Jolfā'', or , ''Jolfâ-ye Now''; , ''Nor Jugha'') is the Armenians, Armenian quarter of Isfahan, Iran, located along the south bank of the Zayanderud. Established and named after the Gülüstan, Nakhchivan, older city of Julfa in the early 17th century (now divided as Jolfa, Iran and Julfa, Azerbaijan (city), Julfa, Azerbaijan), it is still one of the oldest and largest List of Armenian ethnic enclaves, Armenian quarters in the world (:hy:Նոր Ջուղայի գաղութ, hy). History New Julfa was established in 1606 as an Armenian quarter by the mandate of Abbas the Great, sultan of Safavid Iran. Over 150,000 Armenians of Julfa, Armenians were Great Surgun, forcibly moved there from Gülüstan, Nakhchivan, Julfa (also known as ''Jugha'' or ''Juła'', and now as Old Julfa) (:hy:Հայերի բռնագաղթն Իրան (1603-1604), hy). Iranian sources state that the Armenians came to Iran fleeing the Ottoman Empire's persecution. Nevertheless, historical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
