Gwyndodeg
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Gwyndodeg
or is one of the four traditional dialects of the Welsh language. Spoken in north-west Wales, the language takes its name from the post-roman Kingdom of Gwynedd. Writing in 1900, John Rhŷs and David Brynmor Jones give a boundary for the dialect's southern extent as "the stream of Wyrai at Llanrhystud". Today it is most associated with Anglesey, Gwynedd and west Conwy County Borough, with the dialectal boundary (with Powyseg) in the Clwyd area. Gwyndodeg is often simply referred to as the "Northwalian dialect", and as north-west Wales contains a high concentration of Welsh speaking communities, the dialect is one of the most common forms of Welsh spoken today. Notable speakers * Malcolm Allen (footballer), former Welsh international footballer. Bibliography *Alan R. Thomas, ''The Linguistic Geography of Wales'' (Cardiff, 1973) *O.H. Fynes-Clinton, ''The Welsh Vocabulary of the Bangor District'' (Oxford, 1913) See also *Welsh language Welsh ( or ) is a Celtic l ...
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Welsh Language
Welsh ( or ) is a Celtic languages, Celtic language of the Brittonic languages, Brittonic subgroup that is native to the Welsh people. Welsh is spoken natively in Wales by about 18% of the population, by some in England, and in (the Welsh colony in Chubut Province, Argentina). It is spoken by smaller numbers of people in Canada and the United States descended from Welsh immigrants, within their households (especially in Nova Scotia). Historically, it has also been known in English as "British", "Cambrian", "Cambric" and "Cymric". The Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011 gave the Welsh language official status in Wales. Welsh and English are ''de jure'' official languages of the Senedd (the Welsh parliament), with Welsh being the only ''de jure'' official language in any part of the United Kingdom, with English being merely ''de facto'' official. According to the 2021 United Kingdom census, 2021 census, the Welsh-speaking population of Wales aged three or older was 538,300 ( ...
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Powyseg
Powyseg (or ''Powysian''; or ) is a dialect of the Welsh language spoken in the central areas of Wales. It is one of the four major dialects of Welsh spoken in the United Kingdom. Its usage is most predominantly found within northern Powys county in Wales and the former Kingdom of Powys city Wroxeter (formerly in Welsh) in England. The dialect follows neighbouring Welsh in its writing and speaking. Northern Welsh variants are known to have vocabulary and literary differences from Standard Welsh, for example ''llefrith'' (Ddefedeg and Powyseg) and ''llaeth'' (Gwenhwyseg or (also called " Gwentian" in English) is a Welsh dialect A dialect is a Variety (linguistics), variety of language spoken by a particular group of people. This may include dominant and standard language, standardized varieties as well ... and Gwyndodeg), both meaning "milk" in English, with one being more standard in the north, and the other in the south. meaning hedge is another word unique ...
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Cofi Dialect
() is one of the regional accents and dialects of the Welsh language found in north Wales, and centred on Caernarfon, in Gwynedd, and its surrounding district. A person from Caernarfon is known colloquially as a . has been called "one of Wales’ most famous regional dialects". In 2011, the Welsh television production company organised a special event at Caernarfon Town Football Club celebrating the dialect. The event was filmed as part of a television series known as . According to broadcaster Mari Gwilym, "s are straight as arrows and we are extremely proud of the dialect as it is a real asset to Wales. Caernarfon has earned a reputation throughout Wales as the town of the s which I think is great because it’s an extremely important part of their heritage". The dialect has been "immortalized" in the radio monologues of Richard Hughes and in William Owen's stories (1961) The actor Dewi Rhys is a . He has written a book on humour called . He comments: "I don’t ...
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Dialect
A dialect is a Variety (linguistics), variety of language spoken by a particular group of people. This may include dominant and standard language, standardized varieties as well as Vernacular language, vernacular, unwritten, or non-standardized varieties, such as those used in developing countries or isolated areas. The non-standard dialects of a language with a writing system will operate at different degrees of distance from the standardized written form. Standard and nonstandard dialects A ''standard dialect'', also known as a "standardized language", is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include any or all of the following: government recognition or designation; formal presentation in schooling as the "correct" form of a language; informal monitoring of everyday Usage (language), usage; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbooks that set forth a normative spoken and written form; and an extensive formal literature (be it prose, poetry, non-ficti ...
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Kingdom Of Gwynedd
The Kingdom of Gwynedd (Medieval Latin: ; Middle Welsh: ) was a Wales in the Early Middle Ages, Welsh kingdom and a Roman Empire Succession of states, successor state that emerged in sub-Roman Britain in the 5th century during the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain. Based in northwest Wales, the list of rulers of Gwynedd, rulers of Gwynedd repeatedly rose to dominance and were acclaimed as "King of the Britons" before losing their power in civil wars or invasions. The kingdom of Gruffydd ap Llywelynthe King of Wales from 1055 to 1063was shattered by a Timeline of conflict in Anglo-Saxon Britain, Saxon invasion in 1063 just prior to the Norman invasion of Wales, but the House of Aberffraw restored by Gruffudd ap Cynan slowly recovered and Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd was able to proclaim the Principality of Wales at the Aberdyfi gathering of Welsh princes in 1216. In 1277, the Treaty of Aberconwy between Edward I of England and Llywelyn's grandson Llywelyn ap Gruffudd granted pe ...
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John Rhŷs
Sir John Rhŷs (; 21 June 1840 – 17 December 1915) was a Welsh scholar, fellow of the British Academy, Celticist and the first professor of Celtic at Oxford University. Early years and education He was born John Rees at Ponterwyd in Ceredigion, to a lead miner and farmer, Hugh Rees, and his wife. Rhŷs was educated at schools in Bryn-chwyth, Pantyffynnon and Ponterwyd before moving to the British School, a recently opened institution at Penllwyn, in 1855. Here Rhŷs was enrolled as a pupil and teacher, and after leaving studied at Bangor Normal College from 1860 to 1861. Upon leaving Bangor Normal College, Rhŷs gained employment as headmaster at Rhos-y-bol, Anglesey. It was here that Rhŷs was introduced to Dr Charles Williams, then the Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, in 1865. This meeting eventually led to Rhŷs being accepted into the college, where he studied '' literae humaniores''. In 1869, he was elected to a fellowship at Merton College. John Fraser‘Rh� ...
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David Brynmor Jones
Sir David Brynmor Jones, KC (probably forenamed Brynmor; originally surnamed Jones, later surnamed Brynmor-Jones; 1851 – 6 August 1921) was a British barrister, judge, historian and Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Member of Parliament. Life David Brynmor Jones was born in 1851 in Swansea, Glamorgan, United Kingdom, the first of the six children of Thomas Jones (minister), Thomas Jones, a Congregationalist minister, and Jane Jones. His younger siblings were Annie, John Viriamu Jones (born 1856; afterwards a scientist and educationist), Irvonwy, Leifchild Leif-Jones, 1st Baron Rhayader, Leifchild (born 1862; afterwards a Liberal politician and temperance campaigner), and Morlais Glasfryn (afterwards an engineer). In September 1858, when he was seven years old, his parents moved to London; where he became a pupil at University College School. In 1867, when he was sixteen, his mother died; and in 1869 his father left London for health reasons. Afterwards Jones became a student a ...
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Llanrhystud
Llanrhystud () is a seaside village, community (Wales), community and Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom, electoral division on the A487 road in the county of Ceredigion, in Wales, 9 miles (14 km) south of Aberystwyth, and 7 miles (11 km) north of Aberaeron. It takes its name from an early Welsh saint. The community includes the village of Llanddeiniol. The ''Cofiwch Dryweryn'' stone wall (meaning: "Remember Tryweryn") lies on the A487 a mile north of the village. History The village is named after the early Christian Welsh Saint Rhystyd, to whom the local Church in Wales (Anglican) church is dedicated. Rhystyd was among missionaries who arrived from Armorica in the 6th century. According to a leaflet in the Ceredigion Archives: The first mention of an incumbent is of Griffith Powell, who "on July 24th 1582 was a witness before the Court Leet at Aberystwyth". The document adds that Powell had been "in 1544 appointed Priest in charge, priest-in-char ...
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Anglesey
Anglesey ( ; ) is an island off the north-west coast of Wales. It forms the bulk of the Principal areas of Wales, county known as the Isle of Anglesey, which also includes Holy Island, Anglesey, Holy Island () and some islets and Skerry, skerries. The county borders Gwynedd across the Menai Strait to the southeast, and is otherwise surrounded by the Irish Sea. Holyhead is the largest town, and the administrative centre is Llangefni. The county is part of the Preserved counties of Wales, preserved county of Gwynedd. Anglesey is the northernmost county in Wales. The Isle of Anglesey has an area of and a population of in . After Holyhead (12,103), the largest settlements are Llangefni (5,500) and Amlwch (3,967). The economy of the county is mostly based on agriculture, energy, and tourism, the latter especially on the coast. Holyhead is also a major ferry port for Dublin, Ireland. The county has the second-highest percentage of Welsh language, Welsh speakers in Wales, at 57.2%, ...
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Gwynedd
Gwynedd () is a county in the north-west of Wales. It borders Anglesey across the Menai Strait to the north, Conwy, Denbighshire, and Powys to the east, Ceredigion over the Dyfi estuary to the south, and the Irish Sea to the west. The city of Bangor is the largest settlement, and the administrative centre is Caernarfon. The preserved county of Gwynedd, which is used for ceremonial purposes, includes the Isle of Anglesey. Gwynedd is the second largest county in Wales but sparsely populated, with an area of and a population of 117,400. After Bangor (18,322), the largest settlements are Caernarfon (9,852), Bethesda (4,735), and Pwllheli (4,076). The county has the highest percentage of Welsh speakers in Wales, at 64.4%, and is considered a heartland of the language. The geography of Gwynedd is mountainous, with a long coastline to the west. The county contains much of Snowdonia (), a national park which contains Wales's highest mountain, Snowdon (; ). To the west, t ...
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Conwy County Borough
Conwy County Borough () is a Principal areas of Wales, county borough in the north Wales, north of Wales. It borders Gwynedd to the west and south and Denbighshire to the east. The largest settlement is Colwyn Bay, and Conwy is the administrative centre. Conwy has an area of and a population of in , making it sparsely populated. The population is concentrated along the coast, along which are several seaside resorts and the county's largest towns: Colwyn Bay (34,284), Llandudno (20,701), and Conwy (14,753). Inland is much less populous, and the only town is Llanrwst (3,323). Geography The geography of Conwy is shaped by the River Conwy, which forms a wide valley down the western half of the county, bordered by the Denbigh Moors to the east and the mountains of Snowdonia National parks of the United Kingdom, National Park to the west. The River Elwy, a tributary of the River Clwyd, Clwyd, drains the eastern half of the moors. The Conwy forms a wide estuary as it reaches the co ...
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Clwyd
Clwyd ( , ) is a preserved counties of Wales, preserved county of Wales, situated in the north-east corner of the country; it is named after the River Clwyd, which runs through the area. To the north lies the Irish Sea, with the English ceremonial counties of Cheshire to the east and Shropshire to the south-east. Powys and Gwynedd lie to the south and west respectively. Clwyd also shares a maritime boundary with Merseyside along the River Dee, Wales, River Dee. Between 1974 and 1996, a slightly different area had a county council, with local government functions shared with six district councils. In 1996, Clwyd was abolished, and the new Principal areas of Wales, principal areas of Conwy County Borough, Denbighshire, Flintshire and Wrexham County Borough were created; under this reorganisation, "Clwyd" became a preserved county, with the name being retained for certain ceremonial functions. This area of north-eastern Wales has been settled since prehistoric times; the Roman Em ...
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