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Gwerz Santes Enori
The ''Gwerz Santes Enori'' is a Breton ''gwerz'', a type of folk song that combines literary with musical characteristics. The song, which is preserved in many versions and fragments, tells a story that resembles a saint's life, a 14th-century version of the hagiography of the Breton saint Budoc. Its general theme has been called that of "the girl with a golden breast", as told in stories throughout the Celtic world and surviving in oral form into the 20th century. Summary The poem's story concerns the youngest of a king's three daughters (the king of Brest, or Brittany, or Spain, depending on the version), who sacrifices herself when her father is bitten by a snake. Only a virgin breast can save him, and Enori, the youngest, neglected daughter, offers herself up after her two sisters refuse. When she goes to help him a snake jumps onto one of her breasts, and her father cuts off the breast, after which he is miraculously cured (Mary-Ann Constantine identifies this as a "Celtic th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breton Language
Breton (, ; or in Morbihan) is a Southwestern Brittonic language of the Celtic language family spoken in Brittany, part of modern-day France. It is the only Celtic language still widely in use on the European mainland, albeit as a member of the insular branch instead of the continental grouping. Breton was brought from Great Britain to Armorica (the ancient name for the coastal region that includes the Brittany peninsula) by migrating Britons during the Early Middle Ages, making it an Insular Celtic language. Breton is most closely related to Cornish, another Southwestern Brittonic language. Welsh and the extinct Cumbric, both Western Brittonic languages, are more distantly related. Having declined from more than one million speakers around 1950 to about 200,000 in the first decade of the 21st century, Breton is classified as "severely endangered" by the UNESCO ''Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger''. However, the number of children attending bilingual classes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lai (poetic Form)
A ''lai'' (or ''lay lyrique'', "lyric lay", to distinguish it from a '' lai breton'') is a lyrical, narrative poem written in octosyllabic couplets that often deals with tales of adventure and romance. ''Lais'' were mainly composed in France and Germany, during the 13th and 14th centuries. The English term '' lay'' is a 13th-century loan from Old French ''lai''. The origin of the French term itself is unclear; perhaps it is itself a loan from German ''Leich'' (reflected in archaic or dialectal English ''lake'', "sport, play" and in modern Swedish (leker = to play). The terms ''note'', ''nota'' and ''notula'' (as used by Johannes de Grocheio) appear to have been synonyms for ''lai''. The poetic form of the ''lai'' usually has several stanzas, none of which have the same form. As a result, the accompanying music consists of sections which do not repeat. This distinguishes the lai from other common types of musically important verse of the period (for example, the rondeau and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Duhamel
Maurice Duhamel (23 February 1884 – 5 February 1940) was the pen-name of Maurice Bourgeaux, a Breton musician, writer and activist who was a leading figure in Breton nationalism and federalist politics in the years before World War II. Early life The son of a coal merchant, Duhamel was born in Rennes. From youth, he displayed great musical talent, composing his own original works and collecting and arranging traditional Breton songs. He also worked as a journalist for music magazines. Meanwhile, he learned the Breton language and studied Breton literature. At the age of 19, he reported for a local newspaper on the trial of Alfred Dreyfus, which took place in the premises of his high school in Rennes. Like his father he was a Dreyfusard and a Freemason. However, he left Freemasonry because he was shocked by the Affaire Des Fiches in 1905. Political activity He joined the Breton Regionalist Union (Union Régionaliste Bretonne) and created the piano score for ''Bro Gozh ma Zadoù' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Senara
Saint Senara is a legendary Cornish saint with links to the village of Zennor on the north coast of Cornwall , UK. The Church of Saint Senara, Zennor is dedicated to her; the village, nearby headland Zennor Head, and the neolithic tomb Zennor Quoit received her name indirectly. Historical records According to scholar Nicholas Orme, a Saint Sinar of Zennor was first recorded in 1170 as a male saint ("Sanctus Sinar"), but from 1235 onwards as a female one ("Sancta Sinara"). Orme states that unless she can be identified with Azenor, the mother of Saint Budoc in Breton legends, nothing else is recorded about her. He also points out the similarity to Saint Senan, commemorated at nearby Sennen. Legend Senara was reputedly a Breton princess of Brest originally named Asenora, She was married to a Breton king who wrongly accused her of adultery and threw her into the sea in a barrel while pregnant. She was visited by an angel, whilst floating in the sea off the westernmost end of Cornw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perceval, The Story Of The Grail
''Perceval, the Story of the Grail'' (french: Perceval ou le Conte du Graal) is the unfinished fifth verse romance by Chrétien de Troyes, written by him in Old French in the late 12th century. Later authors added 54,000 more lines in what are known collectively as the Four Continuations,Grigsby, John L. (1991). "Continuations of ''Perceval''". In Norris J. Lacy, ''The New Arthurian Encyclopedia'', pp. 99–100. New York: Garland. . as well as other related texts. ''Perceval'' is the earliest recorded account of what was to become the Quest for the Holy Grail but describes only a golden grail (a serving dish) in the central scene, does not call it "holy" and treats a lance, appearing at the same time, as equally significant. ''Perceval'' ''Perceval'' is dedicated to Chrétien's patron Philip I, Count of Flanders.Lacy, Norris J. (1991). "Chrétien de Troyes". In Norris J. Lacy, ''The New Arthurian Encyclopedia'', pp. 88–91. New York: Garland. . It was written in Old French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caradoc
Caradoc Vreichvras (; Modern cy, Caradog Freichfras, ) was a semi-legendary ancestor to the kings of Gwent. He may have lived during the 5th or 6th century. He is remembered in the Matter of Britain as a Knight of the Round Table, under the names King Carados and Carados Briefbras (French for "Carados Shortarm"). Identification and historicity Though the name "Caradoc" and its various forms were by no means uncommon during the Middle Ages, it is probable some of the Caradocs referred to in Welsh genealogies and hagiographies such the ''Life of St. Tatheus'' are the same person. Due to the name's prevalence considerable confusion exists about Caradoc's identity, both historical and literary. He may have become confused with the British hero Caratacus (the Latin form of Caradoc), Cerdic of Wessex and any number of British history's later Caradocs. His parentage varies from text to text; he is called the son of Llŷr Marini (possibly implying Llŷr) several times in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annales De Bretagne Et Des Pays De L'Ouest Année
Annals are a concise form of historical writing which record events chronologically, year by year. The equivalent word in Latin and French is ''annales'', which is used untranslated in English in various contexts. List of works with titles containing the word "Annales" * ''Annales'' (Ennius), an epic poem by Quintus Ennius covering Roman history from the fall of Troy down to the censorship of Cato the Elder * Annals (Tacitus) ''Ab excessu divi Augusti'' "Following the death of the divine Augustus" * Annales Alamannici, ed. W. Lendi, Untersuchungen zur frühalemannischen Annalistik. Die Murbacher Annalen, mit Edition (Freiburg, 1971) * Annales Bertiniani, eds. F. , J. Vielliard, S. Clemencet and L. Levillain, Annales de Saint-Bertin (Paris, 1964) * Annales du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France. Published 1802 to 1813, then became the Mémoires then the Nouvelles Annales * Annales Fuldenses, ed. F. Kurze, ''Monumenta Germaniae Historica'' SRG (Hanover, 1891) * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gwerz
Gwerz (, "ballad", "lament", plural ''gwerzioù'') is a type of folk song of Brittany. In Breton music, the ''gwerz'' tells a story which can be epic, historical, or mythological. The stories are usually of a tragic nature. The gwerz is characterised by an often monotonous melody and many couplets, all in the Breton language. Though historically sung unaccompanied, some modern musicians use limited instrumentation with the gwerz. Some of the most famous performers in current gwerzioù are Erik Marchand, Yann-Fañch Kemener, and Denez Prigent. Notable gwerzioù *''Gwerz Skolan'' *''Gwerz Santes Enori The ''Gwerz Santes Enori'' is a Breton ''gwerz'', a type of folk song that combines literary with musical characteristics. The song, which is preserved in many versions and fragments, tells a story that resembles a saint's life, a 14th-century ve ...'' *Gwerz Ker is *'' Gwerz Fañchig kemper *Gwerz ar vezhinerien *Ar Roue Gralon ha Kear Is References Breton music {{mus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gwen Teirbron
Gwen Teirbron (French: Blanche; Latin: Alba Trimammis or Candida; possibly English: Wite) was a Breton holy woman and wife of Fragan who supposedly lived in the 5th or 6th century. Her epithet is Welsh for '(of the) three breasts'. Veneration Popular devotion interpreted Gwen's unusual physical and spiritual fecundity by God's gift to her of a third breast. Her iconography followed suit. Gwen is invoked for women's fertility. She is commemorated on 3 October in the Catholic Church (although this has been transferred from Saint Candidus of Rome), and on 18 July ( NS) by the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad in Australia.Canberra Parish of the Russian Orthodox Church (Abroad).Brief Lives of Saints 2007. Possible identification She is interpreted by Dyfed Lloyd Evans as having been a euhemerized mother goddess. Children *Winwaloe, son of Prince Fragan (or Fracan) and TeirbronButler, Alban. The lives of the fathers, martyrs, and other principal saints', volume 1, p. 275 (Henry & Co. 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gwennole Le Menn
Gwennole Le Menn (1938–2009) was a Breton writer, editor and lexicographer. He edited various Old and Middle Breton Breton (, ; or in Morbihan) is a Southwestern Brittonic language of the Celtic language family spoken in Brittany, part of modern-day France. It is the only Celtic language still widely in use on the European mainland, albeit as a member of th ... works. Le Menn edited the Catholicon, a trilingual Breton-French-Latin dictionary of 1499, and he compiled a bibliography of Breton literature printed before 1700. Bibliography *''La femme au sein d'or. Des chants populaires Bretons… aux légendes celtiques'' ; Saint-Brieuc, Skol, 1985. (Breton folk songs and mythology) *''Grand choix de prénoms Bretons''; Coop Breizh. (Breton given names) *''Les noms de famille les plus portés en Bretagne''; Coop Breizh. (Breton surnames) *''Le vocabulaire Breton du Catholicon (1499), le premier dictionnaire Breton imprimé Breton-français-Latin de Jehan Lagadeuc''; Saint-Brieu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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