|
Guy–Greenbrier Earthquake Swarm
The Guy–Greenbrier earthquake swarm occurred in central Arkansas beginning in August 2010. The epicenters of earthquakes in the swarm showed a linear distribution, with a clear overall shift in activity towards the southwest with time, and the largest event in the swarm was the 2011 Arkansas earthquake, at 4.7 on the moment magnitude scale. Cause It has been suggested that the swarm was triggered by drilling activities associated with the exploration and production of shale gas in the Fayetteville Shale in northern Arkansas. Analysis of the swarm has found no link between this relatively shallow drilling and the earthquakes, but has instead suggested a link with deep waste disposal drilling similar to that identified at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal in the 1960s, and has led to a moratorium on such drilling being proposed covering an area of . See also *List of earthquakes in 2010 *List of earthquakes in 2011 *List of earthquakes in the United States *Enola earthquake swarm *Okl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intraplate Earthquake
An intraplate earthquake occurs in the ''interior'' of a Plate tectonics, tectonic plate, in contrast to an interplate earthquake on the ''boundary'' of a tectonic plate. They are relatively rare compared to the more familiar interplate earthquakes. Buildings far from plate boundaries are rarely protected with seismic retrofitting, so large intraplate earthquakes can inflict heavy damage. Examples of damaging intraplate earthquakes are the devastating 2001 Gujarat earthquake, the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, the 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes, the 2017 Puebla earthquake, the 1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes, and the 1886 Charleston earthquake. An earthquake that occurs within a subducting plate is known as an intraslab earthquake. Description The Earth's Crust (geology), crust is made up of seven primary and eight secondary Plate tectonics, tectonic plates, plus dozens of tertiary microplates. The large plates move very slowly on top of convection currents in the underlying Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In 2011
This is a list of earthquakes in 2011. Only earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above are included, unless they result in damage and/or casualties, or are notable for some other reason. Smaller events in remote areas will be excluded from the list as they wouldn't have generated significant media interest. All dates are listed according to UTC time. The 9.1 Tōhoku earthquake was the fourth most powerful ever recorded and triggered a massive tsunami (around 20,000 deaths). In a very seismically active year, many earthquakes caused damage in Turkey, New Zealand, Myanmar, India and United States. Compared to other years Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 dead By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 magnitude * Note: Aftershocks of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami are included as they are still over magnitude 7. By month January February Note: The 2010 Maule Earthquake's aftershocks have not been included due to cluttering. March Note: Aftershocks of the Jap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Disasters In Arkansas
Nature is an inherent character or constitution, particularly of the ecosphere or the universe as a whole. In this general sense nature refers to the laws, elements and phenomena of the physical world, including life. Although humans are part of nature, human activity or humans as a whole are often described as at times at odds, or outright separate and even superior to nature. During the advent of modern scientific method in the last several centuries, nature became the passive reality, organized and moved by divine laws. With the Industrial Revolution, nature increasingly became seen as the part of reality deprived from intentional intervention: it was hence considered as sacred by some traditions (Rousseau, American transcendentalism) or a mere decorum for divine providence or human history (Hegel, Marx). However, a vitalist vision of nature, closer to the pre-Socratic one, got reborn at the same time, especially after Charles Darwin. Within the various uses of the word t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earthquakes In The United States
The following is a list of notable earthquakes and tsunamis which had their epicenter in areas that are now part of the United States with the latter affecting areas of the United States. Those in ''italics'' were not part of the United States when the event occurred. List of earthquakes Earthquake swarms which affected the United States: * 1962–71 Denver earthquake swarm * Enola earthquake swarm * 2008 Reno earthquakes * Guy-Greenbrier earthquake swarm * Oklahoma earthquake swarms (2009–present) Earthquakes which affected the United States but whose epicenters were outside the United States borders: * 1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska earthquake – magnitude 6.2 earthquake, no injuries or fatalities anywhere * 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake – magnitude 6.4 earthquake with an epicenter less than 1 km inside Mexico – significant damage and injuries on both sides of the border (60 in the US) * 2010 Baja California earthquake (Mexico near S California) – magnitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earthquake Swarms
In seismology, an earthquake swarm is a sequence of seismic events occurring in a local area within a relatively short period. The time span used to define a swarm varies, but may be days, months, or years. Such an energy release is different from the situation when a major earthquake (main shock) is followed by a series of aftershocks: in earthquake swarms, no single earthquake in the sequence is obviously the main shock. In particular, a cluster of aftershocks occurring after a mainshock ''is not'' a swarm. History and generalities The Ore Mountains (Erzgebirge), which form the border between the Czech Republic and Germany, western Bohemia and the Vogtland region, have been known since the 16th century as being prone to frequent earthquake swarms, which typically last a few weeks to a few months. In 1899, Austrian geologist Josef Knett, while studying a swarm of about a hundred events felt in western Bohemia/Vogtland between January and February 1824, coined the noun ''Schwar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oklahoma Earthquake Swarms (2009–present)
The Oklahoma earthquake swarms are an ongoing series of human activity-induced earthquakes affecting central Oklahoma, southern Kansas, northern Texas since 2009. Beginning in 2009, the frequency of earthquakes in the U.S. state of Oklahoma rapidly increased from an average of fewer than two 3.0+ magnitude earthquakes per year since 1978 to hundreds each year in the 2014–17 period. Thousands of earthquakes have occurred in Oklahoma and surrounding areas in southern Kansas and North Texas since 2009. Scientific studies attribute the rise in earthquakes to the disposal of wastewater produced during oil extraction that has been injected more deeply into the ground. Two of the most significant earthquakes in these swarms were the November 5, 2011 Prague earthquake east of the Oklahoma City area and the September 3, 2016 earthquake near Pawnee, north of Prague. The 2011 Prague earthquake, at reported magnitude 5.6, was at the time the strongest recorded earthquake in the h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enola Earthquake Swarm
The Enola earthquake swarm was a series of earthquakes in 2001 that centered on Central Arkansas Central Arkansas, also known as the Little Rock metro, designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget as the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway Metropolitan Statistical Area, is the most populous metro area in the U.S. state .... It follows the earthquake swarms of Arkansas in the 1980s, and predates the Guy-Greenbrier earthquake swarm that started in 2010. The earthquake sequence started with a 4.4 magnitude main shock and 2,500 earthquakes followed in the next 2 months. These events resulted in a linear cumulative seismicity rate with a b value of nearly 1.0, which is an unusual result as compared to swarms other places. The swarm created damage and in May 2001 the swarm increased activity with the notable 4.4 earthquake. The after shocks exceeding a magnitude of 2.0. These earthquakes have not been linked to the more well known New Madrid Seismic Zone. Refere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In The United States
The following is a list of notable earthquakes and tsunamis which had their epicenter in areas that are now part of the United States with the latter affecting areas of the United States. Those in ''italics'' were not part of the United States when the event occurred. List of earthquakes Earthquake swarms which affected the United States: * 1962–71 Denver earthquake swarm * Enola earthquake swarm * 2008 Reno earthquakes * Guy-Greenbrier earthquake swarm * Oklahoma earthquake swarms (2009–present) Earthquakes which affected the United States but whose epicenters were outside the United States borders: * 1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska earthquake – magnitude 6.2 earthquake, no injuries or fatalities anywhere * 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake – magnitude 6.4 earthquake with an epicenter less than 1 km inside Mexico – significant damage and injuries on both sides of the border (60 in the US) * 2010 Baja California earthquake (Mexico near S California) – magnitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In 2010
Earthquakes in 2010 resulted in nearly 165,000 fatalities. Most of these were due to the 2010 Haiti earthquake, which caused an estimated 160,000 deaths, making it the 8th deadliest earthquake in recorded history. Other deadly quakes occurred in China, Indonesia or Turkey. The 2010 Chile earthquake registered 8.8 on the moment magnitude scale, ranking it as the 6th strongest earthquake since 1900. The tsunami associated with the Chile earthquake caused tsunami advisories and warning across the entire Pacific Ocean rim, also known as the Ring of Fire. Compared to other years Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 dead By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 magnitude By month January February * Note: Eleven aftershocks with magnitudes of 6.0 or higher were recorded in February following the magnitude 8.8 earthquake that struck Chile on February 27. In order to eliminate cluttering, the February aftershocks have not been included. March April May Jun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Arkansas
Central Arkansas, also known as the Little Rock metro, designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget as the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway Metropolitan Statistical Area, is the most populous metro area in the U.S. state of Arkansas. With an estimated 2020 population of 748,031, it is the most populated area in Arkansas. Located at the convergence of Arkansas's other geographic regions, the region's central location make Central Arkansas an important population, economic, education, and political center in Arkansas and Southern United States, the South. Little Rock is the state's capital and largest city, and the city is also home to two Fortune 500 companies, Arkansas Children's Hospital, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). History The site known as "little rock" along the Arkansas River was found by explorer Jean-Baptiste Bénard de la Harpe, Bernard de la Harpe in 1722. The territorial capitol had been located at Arkansas Post, Arka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rocky Mountain Arsenal
The Rocky Mountain Arsenal was a United States chemical weapons manufacturing center located in the Denver Metropolitan Area in Commerce City, Colorado. The site was completed December 1942, operated by the United States Army throughout the later 20th century and was controversial among local residents until its closure in 1992. Much of the site is now protected as the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge. History After the attack on Pearl Harbor and the United States' entry into World War II, the U.S. Army began looking for land to create a chemical manufacturing center. Located just north of Denver, in Commerce City and close to the Stapleton Airport, the U.S. Army purchased . The location was ideal, not only because of the proximity to the airport, but because of the geographic features of the site, it was less likely to be attacked. The Rocky Mountain Arsenal manufactured chemical weapons including mustard gas, napalm, white phosphorus, lewisite, chlorine g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Injection Well
An injection well is a device that places fluid deep underground into porous rock formations, such as sandstone or limestone, or into or below the shallow soil layer. The fluid may be water, wastewater, brine (salt water), or water mixed with industrial chemical waste. Definition The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines an injection well as "a bored, drilled, or driven shaft, or a dug hole that is deeper than it is wide, or an improved sinkhole, or a subsurface fluid distribution system". Well construction depends on the injection fluid injected and depth of the injection zone. Deep wells that are designed to inject hazardous wastes or carbon dioxide deep below the Earth's surface have multiple layers of protective casing and cement, whereas shallow wells injecting non-hazardous fluids into or above drinking water sources are more simply constructed. Applications Injection wells are used for many purposes. Waste disposal Treated wastewater can be injected int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
