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Gusu Language
Gusu (Gussum, Baw) is an East Kainji language of NigeriaBlench, Roger M. 2018. Nominal affixing in the Kainji languages of northwestern and central Nigeria. In John R. Watters (ed.), East Benue-Congo: Nouns, pronouns, and verbs, 59–106. Berlin: Language Science Press. belonging to the Shammo cluster. It is spoken in Toro LGA, Bauchi State and in Bassa LGA, Plateau State Plateau is a northern states of Nigeria, Nigerian state. It is located in the north-central geopolitical zone of Nigeria and includes a range of hills surrounding the Jos Plateau. Plateau State is described as "The Home of Peace and Tourism". Th ....Blench, Roger. 2021. Introduction to the Shammɔ peoples of Central Nigeria'. References East Kainji languages Languages of Nigeria {{Kainji-lang-stub ...
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Nigeria
Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean to the south. It covers an area of . With Demographics of Nigeria, a population of more than 230 million, it is the List of African countries by population, most populous country in Africa, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's sixth-most populous country. Nigeria borders Niger in Niger–Nigeria border, the north, Chad in Chad–Nigeria border, the northeast, Cameroon in Cameroon–Nigeria border, the east, and Benin in Benin–Nigeria border, the west. Nigeria is a Federation, federal republic comprising 36 States of Nigeria, states and the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, Federal Capital Territory, where its capital, Abuja, is located. The List of Nigerian cities by population, largest city in Nigeria by population is Lagos, one of the largest List of largest cities, metr ...
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Toro, Nigeria
Toro is a Local Government Areas of Nigeria, Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Toro local government headquarters is in the town of Toro. The local government has three districts: Toro, Jama'a and Lame district. The local government is the largest local government in Bauchi State. It has an area of 6,932km and a population of 350,404 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 740. People and languages Toro local government is rich in culture and has diverse ethnic groups such as Afusari, Afizere, Anarubunu (Ribina), Duguza, Fulani, Kaiwari amongst others. However, Fulfulde is the major languages spoken by the people of the area (especially in the town of Toro). Some notable people from Toro * Honorable Umar Muda Lawal member representing Toro Federal Constituency Bauchi State at the 9th Assembly. *Justice Danladi Umar a Nigerian jurist[1] from Bauchi State and the incumbent Chairman of the Code Of Conduct Tribunal (CCT) of Nigeria is from the Toro loc ...
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Bauchi State
Bauchi (Fula: ''Leydi Bauchi'' 𞤤𞤫𞤴𞤣𞤭 𞤦𞤢𞤵𞤷𞥅𞤭) is a States of Nigeria, state in the North East (Nigeria), North-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria. It is bordered by Jigawa State, Jigawa to the north, Yobe State, Yobe to the northeast, Gombe State, Gombe to the east, Taraba State, Taraba and Plateau State, Plateau to the south, Kaduna State, Kaduna to the west and Kano State, Kano to the northwest. It takes its name from the historic city of Bauchi (city), Bauchi, which also serves as its capital. The state was formed in 1976 when the former North-Eastern State was broken up. It originally included the area that is now Gombe State, which became a distinct state in 1996. Of the States of Nigeria, 36 states, Bauchi is the List of Nigerian states by area, fifth largest in area and also the List of Nigerian states by population, fifth most populous, with an estimated population of over 8,308,800 as of 2022. Geographically, the state is divided between ...
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Bassa, Plateau State
Bassa is a Local Government Area in the north of Plateau State, Nigeria, bordering Kaduna and Bauchi States. Its headquarters are in the town of Bassa at. It has an area of 1,743 km with other small towns like Miango, Mc Alley; originally called Biciza, Jengre, villages such as Binchin, Zukku, Kwal, Saya, Gurum among many others and a population of 186,859 at the 2006 census. Bassa local government houses the Nigerian Army 3 Division, Maxwell Khobe Cantonment as well as a police station and the First bank of Nigeria. The postal code of the area is 930. Languages Languages spoken in Bassa are Rigwe, Timap, Ce, Buji– Boze, Atsam, Zele, Baw, T'kurmi, Lemoro, Shakara, Sanga, Tijanji, Tunzuii and Zora. Hausa and English are also widely spoken. Festivals Some festivals in Bassa Local Government Area; Remeze – Buji, Azarachi festival of Irigwe, Irigwe New Year Celebration, Anchoncho– a hunting festival of the Bache (Rukuba) people, Amo new-ye ...
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Plateau State
Plateau is a northern states of Nigeria, Nigerian state. It is located in the north-central geopolitical zone of Nigeria and includes a range of hills surrounding the Jos Plateau. Plateau State is described as "The Home of Peace and Tourism". The state has a population of around 4.7 million people. Its capital city is Jos. Geography Boundaries Plateau State is located in the north-central zone out of the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. With an area of , the state has an estimated population of about three million people. It is located between latitude 8°24' N and 10°30' N and longitude 8°32' E and 10°38' E. The state is named after the Jos Plateau, a mountainous area in the north of the state with rock formations. Bare rocks are scattered across the grasslands, which cover the plateau. The altitude ranges from around to a peak of above sea level in the Shere Hills range near Jos. Years of tin and columbite mining have left the area strewn with deep gorges and lakes. A ...
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Atlantic–Congo Languages
The Atlantic–Congo languages make up the largest demonstrated family of languages in Africa. They have characteristic noun class systems and form the core of the Niger–Congo family hypothesis. They comprise all of Niger–Congo apart from Mande, Dogon, Ijoid, Siamou, Kru, the Katla and Rashad languages (previously classified as Kordofanian), and perhaps some or all of the Ubangian languages. Hans Gunther Mukanovsky's "Western Nigritic" corresponded roughly to modern Atlantic–Congo. In the infobox, the languages which appear to be the most divergent are placed at the top. The Atlantic branch is defined in the narrow sense (as Senegambian), while the former Atlantic branches Mel and the isolates Sua, Gola and Limba are split out as primary branches; they are mentioned next to each other because there is no published evidence to move them; Volta–Congo is intact apart from Senufo and Kru. ''Glottolog'', based primarily on Güldemann (2018), has a more limi ...
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Benue–Congo Languages
Benue–Congo (sometimes called East Benue–Congo) is a major branch of the Volta-Congo languages which covers most of Sub-Saharan Africa. Subdivisions Central Nigerian (or Platoid) contains the Plateau languages, Plateau, Jukunoid languages, Jukunoid and Kainji languages, Kainji families, and Bantoid–Cross combines the Bantoid languages, Bantoid and Cross River languages, Cross River groups. Bantoid is only a collective term for every subfamily of Bantoid–Cross except Cross River, and this is no longer seen as forming a valid branch, however one of the subfamilies, Southern Bantoid, is still considered valid. It is Southern Bantoid which contains the Bantu languages, which are spoken across most of Sub-Saharan Africa. This makes Benue–Congo one of the largest subdivisions of the Niger–Congo language family, both in number of languages, of which ''Ethnologue'' counts 976 (2017), and in speakers, numbering perhaps 350 million. Benue–Congo also includes a few minor Languag ...
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Kainji Languages
The Kainji languages are a group of about 60 related languages spoken in west-central Nigeria. They form part of the Central Nigerian (Platoid) branch of Benue–Congo. Demographics Four of the most widely spoken Kainji languages are Tsuvadi (150,000), Cishingini and Tsishingini (100,000 each)—all from the Kambari branch; and Clela (C'lela, Lela) (100,000), of the Northwest Kainji branch. In total, there were about one million speakers of Kainji languages (1990s estimate) in Nigeria. History Proto-Kainji is estimated by Blench (2012) to be 3,000 to 4,000 years old. Its broken distribution today is likely due to the historical northward expansion of the Nupoid languages. Morphology Proto-Kainji nominal prefixes: * *mV- for liquids and other mass nouns * *u- for person, *ba- for people * *kV- for diminutive and perhaps also augmentative; also found in some Plateau languages Classification The most divergent of the Kainji languages are Reshe, Laru and Lopa, which may ...
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East Kainji Languages
The East Kainji languages are spoken in a compact area of the Jos Plateau in Nigeria, near Jos. There are more than 20 of them, most of which are poorly studied. History East Kainji languages are less internally diverse than some of the other Plateau branches in the Nigerian Middle Belt (Blench 2007). Historically, the East Kainji branch had been influenced by Chadic languages that no longer exist in the region.Blench, Roger. 2007. Language families of the Nigerian Middle Belt and the historical implications of their distribution'. Presented to the Jos Linguistic Circle in Jos, Nigeria, July 25, 2007. Today, there are at most 100,000 speakers of East Kainji languages, with almost all languages of the languages being threatened by larger languages such as Hausa and English. Although they are morphologically simple, they have 4-level tones instead of the 3-level tones typical of the region. At the time of the British conquest, several of these languages were in the process of shift ...
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Shammo Languages
The Shammo (''Shammɔ'') or Jere languages are spoken in north-central Nigeria.Blench, Roger M. 2018. Nominal affixing in the Kainji languages of northwestern and central Nigeria. In John R. Watters (ed.), East Benue-Congo: Nouns, pronouns, and verbs, 59–106. Berlin: Language Science Press. They form a subgroup within the East Kainji languages.Blench, Roger. 2021. Introduction to the Shammɔ peoples of Central Nigeria'. A common greeting, ''Shammɔ'', is used in all of the Shammo languages. Languages *''Shammɔ'' languages **''Zele'' cluster ***Zele language, Zele (Jere) ***Boze language, Boze (Buji), Panawa language, Panawa (Bujiyel) **Sanga language (Nigeria), Sanga, Gusu language, Gusu, Moro language (Nigeria), Moro **Loro language, Loro, Bunu language (Nigeria), Bunu (Ribina) **? Tunzu language, Tunzu (Duguza) References Further reading

*Gunn, H.D. 1953. ''Peoples of the Plateau Area of Northern Nigeria''. IAI, London. *Nengel, J.G. 1999. ''Precolonial African int ...
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