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Guram Nikolaishvili
Guram Nikolaishvili ( ka, გურამ ნიკოლაიშვილი; born 3 November 1952) is a retired Georgian general who briefly served as the Chief of General Staff of the Georgian Armed Forces from 1993 to 1994. Nikolaishvili was born in Kobuleti. He was educated at the Artillery College in Tbilisi and graduated from the Kalinin Military Academy in Leningrad in 1989. He joined the Soviet army in 1974, rising to the rank of colonel. In the last years of the Soviet Union, he commanded a regiment at the Akhalkalaki military base. In 1992, he transferred his allegiance to an independent Georgia. He was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1993 and to that of lieutenant-general in 1996. During these years, he served, successively, as the commander of 11th Motor Rifle Brigade, head of the Chief Operational Directorate, chief of General Staff, and First Deputy Defense Minister of Georgia. Throughout his career in the Georgian service, Nikolaishvili had to deal with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia (country)
Georgia is a country in the Caucasus region on the coast of the Black Sea. It is located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and West Asia, and is today generally regarded as part of Europe. It is bordered to the north and northeast by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. Georgia covers an area of . It has a Demographics of Georgia (country), population of 3.7 million, of which over a third live in the capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city, Tbilisi. Ethnic Georgians, who are native to the region, constitute a majority of the country's population and are its titular nation. Georgia has been inhabited since prehistory, hosting the world's earliest known sites of winemaking, gold mining, and textiles. The Classical antiquity, classical era saw the emergence of several kingdoms, such as Colchis and Kingdom of Iberia, Iberia, that formed the nucleus of the modern Georgian state. In the early fourth centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abkhazia
Abkhazia, officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a List of states with limited recognition, partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, at the intersection of Eastern Europe and West Asia. It covers and has a population of around 245,000. Its capital and largest city is Sukhumi. The political status of Abkhazia is a central issue of the Abkhazia conflict and Georgia–Russia relations. Abkhazia has been International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, recognised as an independent state only by 5 states: Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Nauru, and Syria. Georgia (country), Georgia and other countries consider Abkhazia as a Georgia's sovereign territory.Olga Oliker, Thomas S. Szayna. Faultlines of Conflict in Central Asia and the South Caucasus: Implications for the U.S. Army. Rand Corporation, 2003, .Emmanuel Karagiannis. Energy and Security in the Caucasus. Routledge, 2002. . Lacking effective control over the Abkhazian territ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Kobuleti
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Living People
Purpose: Because living persons may suffer personal harm from inappropriate information, we should watch their articles carefully. By adding an article to this category, it marks them with a notice about sources whenever someone tries to edit them, to remind them of WP:BLP (biographies of living persons) policy that these articles must maintain a neutral point of view, maintain factual accuracy, and be properly sourced. Recent changes to these articles are listed on Special:RecentChangesLinked/Living people. Organization: This category should not be sub-categorized. Entries are generally sorted by family name In many societies, a surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family. It is typically combined with a given name to form the full name of a person, although several give .... Maintenance: Individuals of advanced age (over 90), for whom there has been no new documentation in the last ten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1952 Births
Events January–February * January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses. * February 6 ** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British Dominions: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Union of South Africa, South Africa, Dominion of Pakistan, Pakistan and Dominion of Ceylon, Ceylon. The princess, who is on a visit to Kenya when she hears of the death of her father, King George VI, aged 56, takes the regnal name Elizabeth II. ** In the United States, a Artificial heart, mechanical heart is used for the first time in a human patient. *February 7 – New York City announces its first crosswalk devices to be installed. * February 14–February 25, 25 – The 1952 Winter Olympics, Winter Olympics are held in Oslo, Norway. * February 15 – The State Funeral of King Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nodar Tatarashvili
Nodar Tatarashvili ( ka, ნოდარ თათარაშვილი; born 1941) is a retired Georgian general who served as the Chief of General Staff of the Georgian Armed Forces from January 1994 to June 1996. Tatarashvili was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1994 and to that of lieutenant-general in 1996. He served as commander of a Georgian peacekeeping contingent in South Ossetia South Ossetia, officially the Republic of South Ossetia or the State of Alania, is a landlocked country in the South Caucasus with International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, partial diplomatic recognition. It has an offici ... before being moved to the post of the Chief of General Staff in January 1994. In June 1996, he was succeeded by Major-General Zurab Meparishvili. References , - 1941 births Generals of the Defense Forces of Georgia Living people {{Georgia-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avtandil Tskitishvili
Avtandil Tskitishvili ( ka, ავთანდილ ცქიტიშვილი; 26 July 1950 – 9 December 2013) was a Georgian general who served as the Chief of General Staff of the Georgian Armed Forces from January 1992 to December 1993. Tskitishvili was born in Marneuli in 1950. He graduated from the Tbilisi Artillery College in 1972 and the Leningrad Artillery Academy in 1980. He served in the army of the Soviet Union, rising to the rank of colonel in 1985. After the retirement from the Soviet military in 1991, he was instrumental in founding the National Guard of Georgia and took command of its 1st Brigade. In August 1991, he was appointed First Deputy Commander of the National Guard. He became Chief of General Staff of the Georgian military and First Deputy Defense Minister of Georgia after the overthrow of President Zviad Gamsakhurdia in January 1992. He was promoted to the rank of major-general in August 1992. With Georgia descending into chaos of a civil war and m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a mainly continental climate, and an area of with a population of 19 million people. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Europe's second-longest river, the Danube, empties into the Danube Delta in the southeast of the country. The Carpathian Mountains cross Romania from the north to the southwest and include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of . Bucharest is the country's Bucharest metropolitan area, largest urban area and Economy of Romania, financial centre. Other major urban centers, urban areas include Cluj-Napoca, Timiș ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Shevardnadze
Eduard Ambrosis dze Shevardnadze ( ka, ედუარდ ამბროსის ძე შევარდნაძე; 25 January 1928 – 7 July 2014) was a Soviet and Georgian politician and diplomat who governed Georgia (country), Georgia for several non-consecutive periods from 1972 until his resignation in 2003 and also served as the final Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs, Soviet minister of foreign affairs from 1985 to 1991. Shevardnadze started his political career in the late 1940s as a leading member of his local Komsomol organisation. He was later appointed its Second Secretary, then its First Secretary. His rise in the Georgian Soviet hierarchy continued until 1961 when he was demoted after he insulted a senior official. After spending two years in obscurity, Shevardnadze returned as a First Secretary of a Tbilisi city district, and was able to charge the Tbilisi First Secretary at the time with corruption. His anti-corruption work quickly garnered the interest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Civil War
The Georgian Civil War ( ka, საქართველოს სამოქალაქო ომი, ''sakartvelos samokalako omi'') lasted from 1991 to 1993 in the South Caucasian country of Georgia. It began in December 1991 with the coup against the first democratically-elected President of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, by the rebel factions of the Georgian National Guard and the Mkhedrioni paramilitary. It led to President Gamsakhurdia fleeing to neighboring Chechnya, and his subsequent insurgency and unsuccessful uprising to regain power in 1992–1993. Background Georgian independence and ethnic conflicts During the dissolution of the Soviet Union, an opposition movement in Georgia organized mass protests starting in 1988, culminating in a declaration of sovereignty in May 1990 and independence on April 9, 1991, which was recognized in December after the failed August Coup. Zviad Gamsakhurdia was elected President in May 1991. Meanwhile, ethnic minority sepa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of General Staff Of Georgian Armed Forces
The Chief of General Staff of Georgian Defence Forces ( ka, საქართველოს თავდაცვის ძალების გენერალური შტაბის უფროსი, tr) is a high-ranking officer in the military of Georgia, who heads the General Staff of the Defence Forces of Georgia and is an ex officio Deputy Chief of the Defence Forces. The Chief is appointed by the Minister of Defence and reports to the Minister and Chief of Defence Forces. Overview The Chief of General Staff exercises overall leadership of the General Staff and directs its day-to-day activities. The Chief is responsible for the proper execution of the tasks saddled on the General Staff, supervises planning of military operations, oversees coordination among the staffs of various units of the Defence Forces, and performs other functions as defined by the military law. The Chief of General Staff is also a Deputy Chief of Defence Forces. They are appointed, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akhalkalaki
Akhalkalaki ( ka, ახალქალაქი, tr ; ) is a town in Georgia (country), Georgia's southern region of Samtskhe–Javakheti and the administrative centre of the Akhalkalaki Municipality. Akhalkalaki lies on the edge of the Javakheti Plateau. The city is located about from the border with Armenia. The town's recorded history goes back to the 11th century. As of the 2014 Georgian census the town had a population of 8,295, with 93.8% Armenians, Armenian majority. Etymology The name ''Akhalkalaki'', first recorded in the 11th-century The Georgian chronicles, Georgian chronicle, means "a new town", from Georgian Help:IPA/Georgian, [ɑxɑli], "new", and Help:IPA/Georgian, [kʰɑlɑkʰi], "city" or "town". The 19th-century ethnographic accounts also mention another names for the town - ''Akhalkatak'' and ''Nor-Katak'', also meaning which in Armenian means ''Nor'' - "new", ''katak'' - "city". History Akhalkalaki was founded by Bagrat IV of Georgia in 1064. In 1066, the ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
