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Gubur Dhaura
Gubur Dhaura, also known as Gubur Dhaura Heritage Park is a small public park and historical site located in the Canberra suburb of Franklin, Australian Capital Territory. Gubur Dhaura means ''red ochre'' in the Ngunnawal language. Human activity at Gubur Dhaura is believed to span over 5000 years, with site used for quarrying activities by both the Ngunnawal and Ngarigu peoples and early European settlers. The site was listed on the Australian Capital Territory Heritage Register in 2011. It was opened to the public the same year following rehabilitation of native vegetation, construction of walking tracks as well as interpretive displays and signage providing information on its history. The park is located on an ironstone ridge, rising above sea level and above the surrounding basin. It covers an area of and is a short walk from both Manning Clark North light rail station, Manning Clark North and Mapleton Avenue light rail station, Mapleton Avenue light rail stations History ...
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Franklin, Australian Capital Territory
Franklin (postcode: 2913) is a suburb of Canberra, Australia in the district of Gungahlin. It is named after the novelist Miles Franklin. Most streets in Franklin are named after female Australian writers. It comprises an area of approximately 256 hectares. It is bounded by Flemington Road to the north and east, Well Station Drive to the south, and Gungahlin Drive to the west.Gungahlin Development Authority (2006), Franklin Residential Estate Concept Plan, ACT Planning and Land Authority Franklin is mainly a residential area with higher density, mixed-use development along Flemington Road including a local shopping centre and other retail and commercial tenancies. Open space The suburb of Franklin includes a number of large open spaces, linked by pedestrian and cyclist networks. These provide an ecological corridor for the movement of native wildlife and preserve the area's history. * The Gubur Dhaura Heritage Park provides 360° views of the surrounding landscape and an ochre ...
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Ngarigo
The Ngarigo people (also spelt Garego, Ngarego, Ngarago, Ngaragu, Ngarigu, Ngarrugu or Ngarroogoo) are Aboriginal Australian people of southeast New South Wales, whose traditional lands also extend around the present border with Victoria. They are named for their language, Ngarigo, which in the 19th century was said to be spoken by the Nyamudy people (also known as Namwich or Yammoitmithang). Language Ngarigu has been classified by linguist Robert Dixon as one of two Aboriginal Australian languages of the Southern New South Wales Group, the other being Ngunawal/Gundungurra. It was spoken in the area of Tumut by the Walgalu, in the Canberra-Queanbeyan- Upper Murrumbidgee region by people variously called the ''Nyamudy'', the ''Namwich'' or the ''Yammoitmithang'', and also as far south as Victoria's Omeo district. The heartland of Ngarigo speakers, in a more restricted sense, was Monaro. John Lhotsky, Charles du Vé, John Bulmer, George Augustus Robinson, Alfred W. ...
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Landcare Australia
Landcare Australia is a community not-for-profit organisation that involves local groups of volunteers repairing the natural environment. Initially, projects focused on agricultural farmland. The idea was that farmers, conservationists, and scientists could work together to improve both farm quality and natural ecosystems. The Landcare Australia organisation has grown and diversified since its small-scale origins in the 1980s. The Landcare concept has grown to include groups working on town and city green areas, waterways, beaches and larger park areas. For example, Landcare Australia now has Coastcare and "Junior Landcare" groups. These are unrelated to Caring for Country projects in which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are involved. History The concept of "landcare" brings people together who share a common problem and usually live in the same drainage basin or "catchment", an area that collects and directs water to a common point. By working together in a cat ...
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Gungahlin
Gungahlin () is a Lands administrative divisions of Australia#Australian Capital Territory, district in the Australian Capital Territory, one of the fastest growing regions in Australia. The district is subdivided into suburbs, sections and blocks. ''Gungahlin'' is an Australian Aboriginal languages, Aboriginal word meaning either "white man's house" or "little rocky hill". Gungahlin comprised sixteen suburbs, including several under construction and a further suburb planned. The town of Gungahlin was part of the original 1957 plan for development in the ACT and in 1991 was officially launched as the fourth 'town' by the ACT Chief Minister. At the time, the population of Gungahlin was just 389 residents. At the , the population of the district was 87,682. Within the district is the northernmost Gungahlin, Australian Capital Territory#Gungahlin Town Centre, town centre of the ACT, situated north of City, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City ("Civic" in the local parlanc ...
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Australian Iron & Steel
Australian Iron & Steel was an Australian iron and steel manufacturer. History Public company (1928-1935) Australian Iron & Steel (AI&S) was established in 1928 to take over the business of Hoskins Iron & Steel. That company had already commenced the work to replace its two blast furnaces at Lithgow with a new one at Port Kembla. However, it needed more funding to relocate its steelmaking and rolling operations to the coast at Port Kembla. The ordinary shares in the new company were held by the former shareholders of Hoskins Iron and Steel (the Hoskins family), Dorman Long and Baldwins Ltd (two British companies) and Howard Smith Limited (an Australian coal and shipping company). There were also preference shareholders, who received preference shares paying 7.5%. Only Howard Smith and the preference shareholders paid cash for their shares. Hoskins and Dorman Long received their shares in exchange for assets that they contributed to the new company. Baldwins received their ...
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World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ...
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Yarralumla Brickworks
The Yarralumla brickworks, also known as the Commonwealth Brickworks, was one of the earliest construction projects in Canberra, Australia. It was built in the suburb of Yarralumla to produce the bricks used to build many of Canberra's early buildings. It opened in around 1913 and operated until its closure in 1976. It is known for producing the bricks used to build itself. Narrow gauge goods railway lines for the transportation of bricks linked Yarralumla to some of the major building sites in central Canberra such as Old Parliament House, and the Kingston Power House. No sign of this early Canberra transport system remains today. The original brick kilns were built according to Walter Burley Griffin's designs with fan forced short chimneys intended to stay below the height of the surrounding pine trees. In 1950 after World War II increased building demands in Canberra meant that a large 46 metre natural-draft chimney was built for the new kilns. This greatly increased bri ...
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Ginninderra
Ginninderra is the name of the former agricultural lands surrendered to urban development on the western and north-western fringes of Canberra, the capital of Australia. Ginninderra corresponds with the watershed of Ginninderra Creek, which is now in part occupied by the Canberra districts of Belconnen and Gungahlin. The word 'Ginninderra' is one of several - Molonglo, Gold Creek and Monaro are others - that hold longstanding connections to Canberra's local history. The Ginninderra Cricket Club, Ginninderra District High School and Ginninderra Labor Club are examples. One of the local ACT electorates is called Ginninderra. The name is celebrated through the place name Ginninderra Drive, an arterial road that traverses the Canberra district of Belconnen. Ginninderra Plain The Ginninderra Plain is bound by the Spring Range and the NSW-ACT border to the north, by Black Mountain and the O'Connor Ridge to the east, by a line of hills leading west from Mount Payntor towards th ...
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Whitewash
Whitewash, calcimine, kalsomine, calsomine, asbestis or lime paint is a type of paint made from slaked lime ( calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2) or chalk (calcium carbonate, CaCO3), sometimes known as "whiting". Various other additives are sometimes used. Use as paint Whitewash cures through a reaction with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to form calcium carbonate in the form of calcite, a type of reaction generally known as carbonation or by the more specific term, carbonatation. It is usually applied to exteriors, or interiors of rural dairies because of its mildly antibacterial properties. Whitewash can be tinted for decorative use and is sometimes painted inside structures such as the hallways of apartment buildings. A small amount can rub off onto clothing. In Britain and Ireland, whitewash was used historically in interiors and exteriors of workers' cottages and still retains something of this association with rural poverty. In the United States, a similar attitude is exp ...
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Kaolinite
Kaolinite ( ; also called kaolin) is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4. It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet of silica () linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina (). Kaolinite is a soft, earthy, usually white, mineral (dioctahedral phyllosilicate clay), produced by the chemical weathering of aluminium silicate minerals like feldspar. It has a low shrink–swell capacity and a low cation-exchange capacity (1–15 meq/100 g). Rocks that are rich in kaolinite, and halloysite, are known as kaolin () or china clay. In many parts of the world kaolin is colored pink-orange-red by iron oxide, giving it a distinct rust hue. Lower concentrations of iron oxide yield the white, yellow, or light orange colors of kaolin. Alternating lighter and darker layers are sometimes found, as at Providence Canyon State Park in Georgia, United States. Kaolin is an important raw material in many industries and app ...
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Goulburn Evening Penny Post
The ''Goulburn Evening Penny Post'' was an English-language newspaper published in Goulburn, New South Wales, Australia from 1870 until 1957. At various times the paper was known as ''Goulburn Evening Penny Post, and Southern Counties General Advertiser'', ''Goulburn and Queanbeyan Evening Penny Post and Southern Counties General Advertiser'', ''Goulburn and Queanbeyan Evening Penny Post'' and ''Goulburn Evening Post'', and later absorbed a rival newspaper, the '' Goulburn Herald'', before finally shortening its name to the ''Goulburn Post''. History The newspaper first appeared in 1870 under the masthead ''Goulburn Evening Penny Post, and Southern Counties General Advertiser'' and was published three times per week by Thomas Daniel and George Grey. It is one of the earlier newspapers in the colony commencing publication in 1870, thirty years before the federation of Australia. The paper changed names several times: A special edition of the ''Goulburn Evening Penny Post'' wa ...
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