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Gruppe 47
Gruppe 47 (Group 47) was a group of participants in German writers' meetings, invited by Hans Werner Richter between 1947 and 1967. The meetings served the dual goals of literary criticism as well as the promotion of young, unknown authors. In a democratic vote titled "Preis der Gruppe 47" (Prize of Group 47), it elevated many who were beginning their writing careers.Arnold, Heinz Ludwig.Aufstieg und Ende der Gruppe 47. ''Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung'', 6 June 2007. Group 47 had no organizational form, no fixed membership list, and no literary program, but was strongly influenced by Richter's invitations. In its early days, Gruppe 47 offered young writers a platform for the renewal of German literature after World War II and the end of censorship in Nazi Germany. It later became an influential institution in the cultural life of the Federal Republic of Germany, as important contemporary writers and literary critics participated in the meetings. The cultural and political ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Werner Richter
Hans Werner Richter (12 November 1908 – 23 March 1993) was a German writer. Born the son of a fisherman in Neu Sallenthin on the island of Usedom, Richter worked first in a bookshop in Swinemünde (now Świnoujście in Poland) and later moved to Berlin. He fought in World War II and was taken prisoner in 1943. After the war, he established himself as a writer and co-editor of the periodical ''Der Ruf''. Richter is little known for his own works but found worldwide celebrity and acknowledgment as the founder, moving spirit and " grey eminence" of the Group 47, the most important literary association of the German Federal Republic of the post-war period. Richter died in Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ..., aged 84. Works * ''Deine Söhne Europa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilse Aichinger
Ilse Aichinger (1 November 1921 – 11 November 2016) was an Austrians, Austrian writer known for her accounts of her persecution by the Nazis because of her Jewish ancestry."Ilse Aichinger" ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' She wrote poems, short stories and radio plays, and won multiple European literary prizes. Early life Aichinger was born in 1921 in Vienna, along with her twin sister, , to Berta (Kremer), a pediatrician of Jewish ethnicity, and Ludwig Aichinger, a teacher. As her mother's family was Jewish assimilation, assimilated, the children were raised Catholic. Aichinger spent her childhood in Linz and, after her parents divorced, she moved to Vienna with her mother and sister, attending a Catholic secondary school. ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erich Fried
Erich Fried (6 May 1921 – 22 November 1988) was an Austrian-born poet, writer, and translator. He initially became known to a broader public in both Germany and Austria for his political poetry, and later for his love poems. As a writer, he mostly wrote plays and short novels. He also translated works by different English writers from English into German, most notably works by William Shakespeare. He was born in Vienna, Austria, but fled to England after the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in 1938. He settled in London and adopted British nationality in 1949. His first official visit back to Vienna was in 1962. Biography Born to Jewish parents Nelly and Hugo Fried in Vienna, he was a child actor and from an early age wrote political essays and poetry. He fled to London after his father was murdered by the Gestapo after the Anschluss (i.e. annexation of Austria) by Nazi Germany. During World War II, he did casual work as a librarian and a factory hand. He arranged al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Magnus Enzensberger
Hans Magnus Enzensberger (11 November 1929 – 24 November 2022) was a German author, poet, translator, and editor. He also wrote under the pseudonyms Andreas Thalmayr, Elisabeth Ambras, Linda Quilt and Giorgio Pellizzi. Enzensberger was regarded as one of the literary founding figures of the Federal Republic of Germany and wrote more than 70 books, with works translated into 40 languages. He was one of the leading authors in Group 47, and influenced the 1968 West German student movement. He was awarded the Georg Büchner Prize and the Pour le Mérite, among many others. Life and career Enzensberger was born in 1929 in Kaufbeuren, a small town in Bavaria, as the eldest of four boys. His father, Andreas Enzensberger, worked as a telecommunications technician, and his mother, Leonore (Ledermann) Enzensberger, a kindergarten teacher. Enzensberger was part of the last generation of intellectuals whose writing was shaped by first-hand experience of Nazi Germany. The Enzensberger fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gisela Elsner
Gisela Elsner (2 May 1937 – 13 May 1992) was a German writer. She won the Prix Formentor in 1964 for her novel ''Die Riesenzwerge'' (''The Giant Dwarfs''). Early life Elsner was born in Nuremberg, Middle Franconia. She was born to a well-to-do family, and grew up with her sister, Heidi, and brother, Richard. Her father was a Director at Siemens. She graduated from a gymnasium in Nuremberg in 1957. In 1959, she went to Vienna to study philosophy, Germanic letters and drama. Career Elsner then lived as a freelance writer in various places: Lake Starnberg, Frankfurt, in Rome from 1963 to 1964, in London from 1964 to 1970, then in Paris, Hamburg, New York, and finally in Munich. She was among the members of Group 47, which also included Günter Grass and Heinrich Böll. In her 1970 novel ''Berührungsverbot'' (''The Touch Ban'' or ''The Prohibition of Contact''), several couples try to transcend the limits of the bourgeois sexual mores of their middle-class background by en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Celan
Paul Celan (; ; born Paul Antschel; 23 November 1920 – c. 20 April 1970) was a German-speaking Romanian poet, Holocaust survivor, and literary translation, literary translator. He adopted his pen name (an anagram of the Romanian spelling Ancel) following the war and resided in France from 1949, becoming a naturalized French citizen in 1955. Celan is regarded as one of the most important figures in German-language literature of the post-World War II era and a poet whose verse has gained an immortal place in the literary pantheon. Celan’s poetry, with its many radical poetic and linguistic innovations, is characterized by a complicated and cryptic style that deviates from poetic conventions. Life Early life Celan was born into a German-speaking Jewish family in Cernăuți, Bukovina, a region then part of Romania and earlier part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (when his birthplace was known as Czernowitz). His first home was in the Wassilkogasse in Cernăuți. His father, Leo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingrid Bachér
Ingrid Bachér (pen name for Ingrid Erben, born 24 September 1930 in Rostock) is a German writer, a former member of the Gruppe 47 and former president of the PEN Germany. Biography Ingrid Bachér is a great-granddaughter of Theodor Storm. During her childhood she lived in Berlin, before moving to Lübeck during the last years of Second World War at her grandparents' house. After having studied at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg, she started working as a journalist from 1949 on. During the 1950s she travelled to Finland, Central and South America and started writing travelogues and other prose. From 1958 onwards, she had been one of the few female members of the Gruppe 47, the most important German writers' group. From 1960 until 1967 she lived in Rome, first as a scholar of the Villa Massimo and then as a journalist. She then went to live in München, Krefeld and finally moved to Düsseldorf. She has been married to the artist Ulrich Erben since 1966 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Andersch
Alfred Hellmuth Andersch (; 4 February 1914 – 21 February 1980) was a German writer, publisher, and radio editor. The son of a conservative East Prussian army officer, he was born in Munich, Germany, and died in Berzona, Ticino, Switzerland. Martin Andersch, his brother, was also a writer. Life His parents were Alfred Andersch (1875–1929) and his wife Hedwig, née Watzek (1884–1976). His school master was Joseph Gebhard Himmler, the father of Heinrich Himmler. He wrote about this in '' The Father of a Murderer''. 1914 to 1945 In 1930, after an apprenticeship as a bookseller, Andersch became a youth leader in the Communist Party. As a consequence, he was held for six months in the Dachau concentration camp in 1933. He then left the party and entered a depressive phase of "total introversion". It was during this period that he first became engaged in the arts, adopting the stance that became known as ''innere Emigration'' ("internal emigration") – despite remaining in G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jürgen Becker (poet)
Jürgen Becker (; 10 July 1932 – 7 November 2024) was a German poet, prose writer and audio play author. He won the 2014 Georg Büchner Prize. Life and career Becker was born in Cologne on 10 July 1932. His family moved from Cologne to Erfurt in 1939; he experienced the war as a child in Thuringia. In 1947, the family moved to Waldbröl in West Germany, and in 1950, back to Cologne. From 1950 to 1953, he attended a gymnasium there, completing with the ''Abitur''. He began to study German studies, but broke off a year later. From 1959 to 1964, Becker was a member of the Westdeutscher Rundfunk, and from 1964 to 1966, literary editor in the Rowohlt publishing house. He became a freelance writer in 1968. From 1973, he was director of Suhrkamp Theater publishing, and from 1974 to 1993, director of the department for audio plays of Deutschlandfunk. Becker emerged as a poet in the 1960s, with a highly experimental kind of literature in open form, in opposition to conventional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Bichsel
Peter Bichsel (; 24 March 193515 March 2025) was a Swiss writer and journalist representing modern German literature. He was a member of the Group 47. His breakthrough was the collection of short stories ''And Really Frau Blum Would Very Much Like to Meet the Milkman''. Life and career Bichsel was born in Lucerne on 24 March 1935, the son of manual labourers. Shortly after he was born, the Bichsels moved to Olten. After finishing school, he became an elementary school teacher, a job he held until 1968. From 1974 to 1981, he was the personal advisor and speech writer of Willy Ritschard, a member of the Swiss Federal Council. Between 1972 and 1989, he made his mark as a "writer in residence" and a guest lecturer at American universities. Bichsel lived on the outskirts of Solothurn for several decades. He started publishing short lyric works in newspapers, for example in ''Weltwoche'', ''Tages-Anzeiger-Magazin'', ''Schweizer Illustrierte'' and ''Luzerner Neueste Nachrichten''. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Bobrowski
Johannes Bobrowski (originally ''Johannes Konrad Bernhard Bobrowski''; 9 April 1917 – 2 September 1965) was a German lyric poet, narrative writer, adaptor and essayist. Life Bobrowski was born on 9 April 1917Bobrowski, Johannes (1984). ''Shadow Lands: Selected Poems''. London: Anvil Press Poetry. in Tilsit in East Prussia. In 1925, he moved first to Rastenburg, then in 1928 on to Königsberg, where he attended the '' Gymnasium''. One of his teachers was Ernst Wiechert. In 1937, he started a degree in art history at the Humboldt University in Berlin. As a member of the Confessing Church, Bobrowski had contact with the German resistance against National Socialism. He was a lance corporal for the entire Second World War in Poland, France and the Soviet Union. In 1943 he married Johanna Buddrus. From 1945 to 1949 Bobrowski was imprisoned by the Soviet Union, where he spent time working in a coal mine. On his release, he returned home to his family in the suburban Berlin di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Die Blechtrommel
''The Tin Drum'' (, ) is a 1959 novel by Günter Grass, the first book of his Danzig Trilogy. It was adapted into a 1979 film, which won both the 1979 Palme d'Or and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1980. To "beat a tin drum" means to create a disturbance in order to bring attention to a cause. Plot The story revolves around the life of Oskar Matzerath, as narrated by himself when confined in a mental hospital during the years 1952–1954. Born in 1924 in the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland), with an adult's capacity for thought and perception, he decides never to grow up when he hears his father declare that he would become a grocer. Gifted with a piercing shriek that can shatter glass or be used as a weapon, Oskar declares himself to be one of those " clairaudient infants", whose "spiritual development is complete at birth and only needs to affirm itself". He retains the stature of a child while living through the beginning of World War II, seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
