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Grumpan Bracteate
The Grumpan bracteate, designated as runic inscription Vg 207 by Rundata, is a gold type C bracteate found in Västergötland, Sweden in 1911. It is dated to the 6th century. Runic inscription The Grumpan bracteate was found together with two other bracteates, two gold rings, two bronze hooks, and some glass beads. It is notable as an early attestation of the division of the elder futhark row into three groups or ''ættir'' of eight runes each Norse clans, ætt. On the Grumpan bracteate, the runes of each ætt are separated by a row of dots. The following is a drawing of the inscription made by Sigurd Agrell (''Lapptrummor och Runmagi'', 1934): The Grumpan bracteate is damaged at the upper end near the eyelet, at the end of the second ætt, so that the ''z'' and ''s'' runes are no longer readable. The rune transcribed above as (ŋ) actually has the shape of the elder futhark Algiz, ''z'' rune but is placed in the location for the Yngvi#The Ingwaz rune, ŋ rune. Full listings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algiz
Algiz (also Elhaz) is the name conventionally given to the "''z''-rune" of the Elder Futhark runic alphabet. Its transliteration is ''z'', understood as a phoneme of the Proto-Germanic language, the terminal ''*z'' continuing Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European terminal ''*s'' via Verner's law. It is one of two runes which express a phoneme that does not occur word-initially, and thus could not be named Acrophony, acrophonically, the other being the ''ŋ''-rune Ingwaz rune, Ingwaz . As the terminal ''*-z'' phoneme marks the nominative singular suffix of masculine nouns, the rune occurs comparatively frequently in Elder Futhark inscriptions, early epigraphy. Because this specific phoneme was lost at an early time, the Elder Futhark rune underwent changes in the medieval runic alphabets. In the Anglo-Saxon runes, Anglo-Saxon futhorc it retained its shape, but became otiose as it ceased to represent any sound in an Old English. However, possibly due to runic manuscr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bracteates
A bracteate (from the Latin ''bractea'', a thin piece of metal) is a flat, thin, single-sided gold medal worn as jewelry that was produced in Northern Europe predominantly during the Migration Period of the Germanic Iron Age (including the Vendel era in Sweden). Bracteate coins are also known from the medieval kingdoms around the Bay of Bengal, such as Harikela and Mon State, Mon city-states. The term is also used for thin discs, especially in gold, to be sewn onto clothing in the ancient world, as found for example in the ancient Persian Oxus treasure, and also later silver coins produced in central Europe during the Early Middle Ages. Gold bracteates from the Migration Period Gold bracteates commonly denote a certain type of jewelry, made mainly in the 5th to 7th century AD, represented by numerous gold specimens. Bead-rimmed and fitted with a loop, most were intended to be worn suspended by a string around the neck, supposedly as an amulet. The gold for the bracteates came ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elder Futhark Inscriptions
An elder is someone with a degree of seniority or authority. Elder or elders may refer to: Positions Administrative * Elder (administrative title), a position of authority Cultural * North American Indigenous elder, a person who has and transmits cultural and philosophical knowledge ** Haudenosaunee Clan Mother * Australian Aboriginal elder, one who has gained recognition as a custodian of knowledge and lore, often a leader in administrative matters Religious * "The Elder", author of the Johannine epistles 2 John and 3 John in the New Testament * Elder (Christianity), a person valued for their wisdom and, in some churches and denominations, holding an administrative or oversight role ** Elder (Methodist), an ordained minister with responsibilities to preach and teach ** Elder (Anglican), a learned minister with responsibilities to teach and/or innovate ** Elder (Latter Day Saints), a priesthood office in the Melchizedek priesthood * Thero or Elder, an honorific ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amulet
An amulet, also known as a good luck charm or phylactery, is an object believed to confer protection upon its possessor. The word "amulet" comes from the Latin word , which Pliny's ''Natural History'' describes as "an object that protects a person from trouble". Anything can function as an amulet; items commonly so used include statues, coins, drawings, plant parts, animal parts, and written words. Amulets which are said to derive their extraordinary properties and powers from magic or those which impart luck are typically part of folk religion or paganism, whereas amulets or Sacramental, sacred objects of Organized religion, formalised mainstream religion as in Christianity are believed to have no power of their own without faith in Jesus and being blessing, blessed by a clergyman, and they supposedly will also not provide any preternatural benefit to the bearer who does not have an Disposition#Religion, appropriate disposition. Talisman and amulets have interchangeable meanings. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charnay Fibula
The Charnay Fibula is a mid-6th century Fibula (brooch)#Post-Roman fibulae, fibula or brooch which was discovered in Burgundy (region), Burgundy in 1857. It has a runic inscription consisting of a horizontal partial listing of the first twenty of the twenty-four rune sequence of the Elder Futhark: :fuþarkgwhnijïpzstbem The full listing of the elder futhark is known from the inscription on the Kylver Stone (early 5th century). The shape of the ''z'' rune algiz and the ''p'' rune peorð differ somewhat from that of other known elder futhark inscriptions. The missing four final runes of the row (lŋdo) seem to be cut off because there was not enough space. The remaining inscription consists of two undeciphered vertical lines, and two short sequences on the lower part of the fibula: ::uþfnþai:id :dan:liano: :ïia :kr One published interpretation makes this mean "May Liano discover (be led to) Iddan", supposedly in the Burgundian language (Germanic), Burgundian language. The ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vadstena Bracteate
The Vadstena bracteate (Rundata Ög 178, IK 377.1) is a gold C-bracteate found in the ground at Vadstena, Sweden, in 1774.''Nordisk Familjebok'', Owl Edition, pp. 262–6/ref> Along with the bracteate was a gold ring and a piece of gold sheet: all were nearly melted down by a goldsmith who was stopped by a local clergyman. The bracteate was stolen in 1938 from the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities and has not yet been found. Description The bracteate is believed to have been made about AD 500. In the middle of the bracteate is a four-legged animal with a man's head above it, and in front of this a bird separated from the other images by a line. This image is commonly associated with the Norse god Odin in bracteate iconography. Inscription The bracteate is most famous for containing a full listing of the Elder Futhark runic alphabet. The runes in the futhark are divided by dots into three groups of eight runes which are commonly called '' ættir''. The entire inscrip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yngvi
Old Norse Yngvi , Old High German Ing/Ingwi and Old English Ing are names that relate to a Lists of deities, theonym which appears to have been the older List of names of Freyr, name for the god Freyr. Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic Ingwaz was the legendary ancestor of the Ingaevones, or more accurately ''Ingvaeones'', and is also the reconstructed name of the Elder Futhark runes, rune ᛜ and Anglo-Saxon runes, Anglo-Saxon rune ᛝ, representing ''ŋ''. Etymology Old Norse ''Yngvi'' as well as Old High German ''Inguin'' and Old English ''Ingƿine'' are all derived from the Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic *Ingwaz. Sound changes in late-Proto-Germanic transformed *Ingwaz into *Ingwi(z) in the nominative case and *''Ingwin'' in the accusative case. His epithet *Fraujaz appears in Old Norse compounds ''Ingvifreyr'' and ''Ingunarfreyr''. In Beowulf we see Hrothgar called (OE) ''fréa inguina'', which means 'Lord of the Inguins', i.e. lord of the Ingvaeones, the 'fri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Runic Inscription
A runic inscription is an inscription made in one of the various runic alphabets. They generally contained practical information or memorials instead of magic or mythic stories. The body of runic inscriptions falls into the three categories of Elder Futhark (some 350 items, dating to between the 2nd and 8th centuries AD), Anglo-Frisian Futhorc (some 100 items, 5th to 11th centuries) and Younger Futhark (close to 6,000 items, 8th to 12th centuries). The total 350 known inscriptions in the Elder Futhark script fall into two main geographical categories, North Germanic (Scandinavian, c. 267 items) and Continental or South Germanic ( "German" and Gothic, c. 81 items). These inscriptions are on many types of loose objects, but the North Germanic tradition shows a preference for bracteates, while the South Germanic one has a preference for fibulae. The precise figures are debatable because some inscriptions are very short and/or illegible so that it is uncertain whether they quali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigurd Agrell
Per Sigurd Agrell (16 January 1881 in Värmland – 19 April 1937 in Lund) was a Swedish poet, translator, runologist and professor of Slavic languages at Lund University. Biography Agrell's parents were Frans Vilhelm Agrell (1843–1900) and Ida Vendela Örtenholm (1851–1928). After graduating from secondary school in Norrmalm in 1898, he was admitted to Uppsala University, where he earned his licentiate degree in 1907. He then continued his academic career at Lund University, where he in 1908 defended his PhD thesis on aspect in Polish. He received his doctoral degree in 1909 and was later appointed associate professor (''docent'') at the same university. Having taught at Lund University since 1908, Agrell became professor of Slavic languages in 1921. He translated a number of Russian books, such as Slavic legends, and Ivan Bunin's stories. His 1925 translation of Leo Tolstoy's '' Anna Karenina'' was for a long time the standard translation of this novel in Sweden. At f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
