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Grapevine Trunk Diseases
Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are the most destructive diseases of vineyards worldwide. Fungicides (such as sodium arsenite or 8-hydroxyquinoline, used to fight esca) with the potential to control GTD have been banned in Europe and there are no highly effective treatments available. Action to develop new strategies to fight these diseases are needed. The following fungal species are responsible for grapevine trunk diseases: * ''Botryosphaeria dothidea'' and other ''Botryosphaeria'' species, such as ''Botryosphaeria obtusa, B. obtusa'', ''Botryosphaeria parva, B. parva'' and ''Botryosphaeria australis, B. australis'',Botryosphaeria spp. as grapevine trunk disease pathogens. Niekerk, J.M, P.H. Fourie, F. Halleen and P.W. Crous, Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 2006, volume 45, pages 43-54 * ''Cylindrocarpon'' spp., ''Ilyonectria'' spp., ''Dactylonectria'' spp. and ''Campylocarpon'' spp.Occurrence of grapevine trunk disease pathogens in rootstock mother plants in South Africa. P. H. Fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sodium Arsenite
Sodium arsenite usually refers to the inorganic compound with the formula NaAsO2. Also called sodium ''meta''-arsenite, it is an inorganic polymer consisting of the infinite chains [AsO2] associated with sodium cations, Na+. The polymer backbone has the connectivity -O-As(O−)-.backbone. Sodium ''ortho''-arsenite is Na3AsO3.Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. . Both compounds are colourless solids. A mixture of sodium ''meta''-arsenite and sodium ''ortho''-arsenite is produced by treating arsenic trioxide with sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. Sodium arsenite is amorphous, typically being obtained as a powder or as a glassy mass. Health effects Sodium arsenite can be inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Along with its known carcinogenic and teratogenic effects, contact with the substance can yield symptoms such as skin irritation, burns, itching, thickened skin, rash, loss of pigment, poor appetit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fomitiporia Mediterranea
''Fomitiporia mediterranea'' is a fungus species in the genus '' Fomitiporia'' associated with esca of grapevine.A new wood-decaying basidiomycete species associated with esca of grapevine. : Fomitiporia mediterranea (Hymenochaetales). Michael Fischer, Mycological Progress, 2002, Volume 1, Issue 3, pages 315-324, References External links * * Hymenochaetaceae Fungi described in 2002 Grapevine trunk diseases Fungus species {{Agaricomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inonotus
''Inonotus'' is a genus of fungus, fungi in the family (biology), family Hymenochaetaceae. The genus, described by Petter Karsten in 1879, is estimated to contain about 80 species ''sensu lato'' and 30 species ''sensu stricto'' (in the strict sense). The name comes from ''ino'' meaning ''fibrous'' and ''ot'' meaning ''ear''. Species *''Inonotus acutus'' *''Inonotus adnatus'' *''Inonotus afromontanus'' *''Inonotus albertinii'' *''Inonotus amazonicus'' *''Inonotus andersonii'' *''Inonotus arizonicus'' *''Inonotus australiensis'' *''Inonotus austropusillus'' *''Inonotus boninensis'' *''Inonotus chihshanyenus'' *''Inonotus chilanshanus'' *''Inonotus chrysomarginatus'' *''Inonotus clemensiae'' *''Inonotus costaricensis'' *''Inonotus crocitinctus'' *''Inonotus cuticularis'' *''Inonotus dentatus'' *''Inonotus dentiporus'' *''Inonotus diverticuloseta'' *''Inonotus dryadeus'' *''Inonotus dryophilus'' *''Inonotus duostratosus'' *''Inonotus euphoriae'' *''Inonotus farlowii'' *''Inonotus fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sporocadus
''Sporocadus'' is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae. Species of the family ''Sporocadaceae'' are endophytic, plant pathogenic or saprobic, and associated with a wide range of host plants. ''Sporocadus'' was established by Corda (in 1839) to include four species, but with no mention of the type. Stanley Hughes, Hughes (in 1958) tried to Type (biology), lectotypify ''Sporocadus'' based on ''Sporocadus lichenicola''. The genus was once synonymised under ''Seimatosporium'' by Sutton (in 1975), but was later classified as a distinct genus by Garry Brockman, Brockman (in 1976) and Nag Raj (in 1993). Liu et al. (2019a) showed that both ''Sporocadus'' and ''Seimatosporium'' are phylogenetically distinct and species in ''Sporocadus'' lack appendages. It is one of the fungal species associated with grapevine trunk diseases in Washington wine grapes and California table grapes in North America, especially ''Sporocadus incarnatus''. Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), cause ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeomoniella Chlamydospora
''Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' is a fungus species of mitosporic ascomycota in the genus '' Phaeomoniella''. ''Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' and ''Phaeoacremonium aleophilum ''Phaeoacremonium aleophilum'' is a fungus species in the genus '' Phaeoacremonium''. It is associated with '' Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' in esca in mature grapevines and decline in young vines ( Petri disease), two types of grapevine trunk ...'' are associated with esca in mature grapevines, decline in young vines ( Petri disease) and black goo decline, three types of grapevine trunk disease. References Diaporthales Fungi described in 1996 Grapevine trunk diseases Fungus species {{Eurotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeoacremonium
''Phaeoacremonium'' is a fungus genus associated with wilt and decline diseases of woody hosts and human infections. '' Togninia'' is the teleomorph (the sexual reproductive stage) of ''Phaeoacremonium''. Species * ''Phaeoacremonium aleophilum'', associated with esca in mature grapevines and decline in young vines (Petri disease), two types of grapevine trunk disease. * '' Phaeoacremonium alvesii'', a cause of subcutaneous infection of humans * '' Phaeoacremonium amstelodamense'', a cause of human joint infection * '' Phaeoacremonium australiense'', an endophyte of grapevines * '' Phaeoacremonium griseorubrum'', a cause of human fungemia (blood infection) * '' Phaeoacremonium krajdenii'', a cause of subcutaneous infection of humans * '' Phaeoacremonium parasitica'', formerly ''Phialophora parasitica'' * '' Phaeoacremonium scolyti'', an endophyte of grapevine, also isolated from bark beetle larvae * '' Phaeoacremonium sphinctrophorum'', from fungal cyst of the human foot * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeoacremonium Aleophilum
''Phaeoacremonium aleophilum'' is a fungus species in the genus '' Phaeoacremonium''. It is associated with '' Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' in esca in mature grapevines and decline in young vines ( Petri disease), two types of grapevine trunk disease. '' Togninia minima'' is the teleomorph (the sexual reproductive stage) of ''P. aleophilum''. References External links mycobank.org Grapevine trunk diseases Diaporthales Fungi described in 1996 Fungus species {{ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neofusicoccum Luteum
''Neofusicoccum'' is a genus of fungi in the family Botryosphaeriaceae The Botryosphaeriaceae are a family of sac fungi (Ascomycetes), which is the type representative of the order Botryosphaeriales. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 26 genera and over 1500 species. Members of this order include not .... Species *'' Neofusicoccum andinum'' *'' Neofusicoccum arbuti'' *'' Neofusicoccum australe'' *'' Neofusicoccum carallia'' *'' Neofusicoccum cordaticola'' *'' Neofusicoccum corticosae'' *'' Neofusicoccum eucalypticola'' *'' Neofusicoccum eucalyptorum'' *'' Neofusicoccum grevilleae'' *'' Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense'' *'' Neofusicoccum luteum'' *'' Neofusicoccum macroclavatum'' *'' Neofusicoccum mangiferae'' *'' Neofusicoccum mediterraneum'' *'' Neofusicoccum nonquaesitum'' *'' Neofusicoccum occulatum'' *'' Neofusicoccum parvum'' *'' Neofusicoccum pennatisporum'' *'' Neofusicoccum protearum'' *'' Neofusicoccum ribis'' *'' Neofusicoccum umdonicola'' *'' Neofusicoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neofusicoccum Australe
''Neofusicoccum australe'' is a fungus species in the genus '' Neofusicoccum''. It is responsible for a grapevine trunk disease. A 2009 survey of endophytic fungi on woody species at two tuart woodlands of Southwest Australia (ecoregion), sampling acacia '' Acacia cochlearis'', '' A. rostellifera'', the sheoak '' Allocasuarina fraseriana'', peppermint ''Agonis flexuosa'', ''Banksia grandis'', ''Eucalyptus marginata'', sandalwood ''Santalum acuminatum'' and nominate species ''Corymbia calophylla'' (tuart), found around three quarters of isolates were taxa of the family Botryosphaeriaceae The Botryosphaeriaceae are a family of sac fungi (Ascomycetes), which is the type representative of the order Botryosphaeriales. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 26 genera and over 1500 species. Members of this order include not ..., eighty percent of which was this species. References External links * * Botryosphaeriaceae Fungi described in 2004 Grapevine trunk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lasiodiplodia Theobromae
''Lasiodiplodia theobromae'' is a Plant pathology, plant pathogen with a very wide host (biology), host range. It causes rotting and Forest dieback, dieback in most species it infects. It is a common post harvest fungus disease of citrus known as stem-end rot. It is a cause of bot canker of grapevine.Identification and Pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Diplodia seriata, the Causal Agents of Bot Canker Disease of Grapevines in Mexico. J. R. Úrbez-Torres, G. M. Leavitt, J. C. Guerrero, J. Guevara and W. D. Gubler, Plant Disease, April 2008, Volume 92, Number 4, pages 519-529, It also infects ''Biancaea sappan'', a species of flowering tree also known as Sappanwood. On rare occasions it has been found to cause fungal keratitis, lesions on nail and subcutaneous tissue. It has been implicated in the widespread mortality of baobab (''Adansonia digitata'') trees in Southern Africa. A preliminary study found the deaths to have a complex set of causes requiring detailed rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
