Graffiti House
The Graffiti House, located at 19484 Brandy Road in the eastern end of the town of Brandy Station, Virginia, is believed by the Brandy Station Foundation to have been built in 1858. It is one of few dwellings in the village built before the American Civil War to survive intact to this day. The house is notable because of the Civil War era graffiti on many of the walls. The graffiti found includes names, drawings, names of units, and inscriptions left by soldiers. History Because of its location on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad and the Carolina Road, the house, which was less than from the train depot, is thought by the Foundation to have been a commercial building as well as a dwelling. The Foundation reports that some graffiti has been removed or destroyed but considerable graffiti still remain. New graffiti were discovered as recently as December 2010. The house was owned by James Barbour (brother of the railroad's president John S. Barbour Jr.) during the Civil War but ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Brandy Station, Virginia
Brandy Station is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Culpeper County, Virginia, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 191. Its original name was Brandy. The name Brandy Station comes from a local tavern sign that advertised brandy. Brandy Station was the site of the 1863 Battle of Brandy Station, the largest predominantly cavalry engagement of the American Civil War as well as the largest to take place ever on American soil. Auburn, Farley, and the Graffiti House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Culpeper Regional Airport is located on Beverly Ford Road in Brandy Station. Demographics Brandy Station first appeared as a census designated place A census-designated place (CDP) is a Place (United States Census Bureau), concentration of population defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only. CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. The region includes Middle America (Americas), Middle America (comprising the Caribbean, Central America, and Mexico) and Northern America. North America covers an area of about , representing approximately 16.5% of Earth's land area and 4.8% of its total surface area. It is the third-largest continent by size after Asia and Africa, and the list of continents and continental subregions by population, fourth-largest continent by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. , North America's population was estimated as over 592 million people in list of sovereign states and dependent territories in North America, 23 independent states, or about 7.5% of the world's popula ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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13th Virginia Infantry
The 13th Virginia Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in central and western Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia. Its commanders were Colonels George A. Goodman, Ambrose P. Hill, James B. Terrill, and James A. Walker; and Majors Charles T. Crittenden and John B. Sherrard. The 13th Virginia completed its organization during the summer of 1861 with men from Winchester and Culpeper, Orange, Louisa, and Hampshire counties, and one company from Maryland.''Mountaineers of the Blue and Gray, The Civil War and West Virginia'', George Tyler Moore Center for the Study of the Civil War, Shepherd Univ., 2008, CD-Rom The original Companies B and E enlisted only for 6 months, the others for one year. At the end of that year, their service was extended for the duration of the war. After fighting at First Battle of Bull Run, First Manassas and in Jackson's Valley Campaign, it s ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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30th Virginia Infantry
The 30th Virginia Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It fought mostly in western Virginia, Kentucky, North Carolina, and Virginia.Krick, Robert K., ''30th Virginia Infantry''. H.E. Howard, Inc., 1988 The 30th Virginia completed its organization at Fredericksburg, Virginia, in June 1861. Men of this unit were from Fredericksburg and the counties of Spotsylvania, Caroline, Stafford, and King George. It was assigned to General J.G. Walker's and Corse's Brigade and fought with the Army of Northern Virginia from the Seven Days' Battles to Fredericksburg. After serving with Longstreet at Suffolk, it was on detached duty in Tennessee and North Carolina. During the spring of 1864, the 30th returned to Virginia and saw action at Drewry's Bluff and Cold Harbor. Later, it endured the hardships of the Petersburg trenches north and south of the James River and ended the war at Appomattox. ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Maryland Scroll
The Maryland Scroll is an American Civil War artifact. It consists of a pencil drawing of a scroll with an unfurling banner above it.Maryland Scroll at ''Soldiers and Graffiti,'' Brandy Station Foundation website It was drawn on March 16, 1863, by one or more unknown members of James Breathed's Battery on the wall of the Graffiti House, in Brandy Station, Virginia. Scroll contents The unfurling banner (also known as the horizontal scroll) reads: ''"Rifle Gun"'' and ''"No. 1, Stuart Horse Artillery / Breathed's Battery / On Picket - March 16, 1863"'' The main scroll, or vertical scroll lists the names of fourteen soldiers in the artillery unit, as well as two officers: Sgt. Henry Thomas and Cpl. F. Gibson. The other names on the scroll (which are numbered 1 to 14) in order: George W. McCabe, H. Hopkins, S. Owens, H Greenwell, H. Wagner, E. Russell, W. Hopkins, F. Yates, A Muth, B. Evans, H. Wickes, W. Evans, U. Haller, and H. Boyd. On March 17, 1863, the day after the scroll was ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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70th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
The 70th New York Infantry Regiment was one of five infantry regiments formed by former U.S. Congressman Daniel Sickles and established as part of the Excelsior Brigade which fought with the Union Army during multiple key engagements of the American Civil War, including the Chancellorsville, Gettysburg and Overland campaigns. Leaders from the 70th New York recruited men from New Jersey, as well as from cities and small towns across the State of New York. Service The regiment was organized in New York City in May 1861 under the authority of the War Department as the 1st Regiment, Sickles' Brigade, at Camp Scott on Staten Island. It mustered into service on June 20, 1861. The 70th left the state for Washington, D.C., on July 23, 1861. It was subsequently attached to Sickles' Brigade, Division of the Potomac, until October, 1861. Then, it was reassigned to Sickles' Brigade, Hooker's Division, Army of the Potomac, until March 1862. (It was formally designated as the 70th Regimen ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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John Egbert Farnum
John Egbert Farnum (born in New Jersey, 1 April 1824; died in New York City, 16 May 1870) was a brevet general in the United States Army during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War, and captain of the illegal slave ship ''Wanderer (slave ship), Wanderer''. Biography Farnum was educated in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. In his youth, Farnum was an Overland express rider.Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, ''Civil War High Commands''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. . p. 231. Farnum entered the army as sergeant-major of the 1st Pennsylvania Infantry in 1846, and served through the Mexican War. Subsequently he joined the Narciso López, Lopez expedition to Cuba which left New Orleans in 1850, and also took an active part in William Walker (filibuster), Walker's Nicaraguan expeditions. Still later he was captain of the slave yacht The Wanderer (slave ship), ''Wanderer'', and was indicted at Savannah, Georgia, for carrying on illegal History of slavery, slave t ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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10th Vermont Infantry
The 10th Vermont Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Service The 10th Vermont Infantry was organized at Brattleboro, Vermont, and mustered in for three years service on September 1, 1862, under the command of Colonel Albert Burton Jewett. The regiment was attached to Grover's Brigade, Military District of Washington, until February 1863, Jewett's Brigade, Provisional Division, XXII Corps, Dept. of Washington, until June 1863, French's Command, VIII Corps, Middle Department, until July 1863, 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, III Corps, Army of the Potomac, until March 1864, and 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, VI Corps, Army of the Potomac and Army of the Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, until June 1865. The 10th Vermont Infantry was mustered out of service at Washington, D.C., on June 22, 1865. Afterwards, recruits were transferred to the 5th Vermont Infantry. Detailed service record The timeline of the 10th Vermont Infantry ser ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Mine Run Campaign
The Battle of Mine Run, also known as Payne's Farm, or New Hope Church, or the Mine Run campaign (November 27 – December 2, 1863), was conducted in Orange County, Virginia, in the American Civil War. An unsuccessful attempt of the Union Army, Union Army of the Potomac to defeat the Confederate States Army, Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, it was marked by false starts and low casualties and ended hostilities in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War, Eastern Theater for the year. Background After the Battle of Gettysburg in July, Confederate Full General (CSA), Gen. Robert E. Lee and his command Retreat from Gettysburg, retreated back across the Potomac River into Virginia. Union commander Major general (United States), Maj. Gen. George G. Meade was widely criticized for failing to pursue aggressively and defeat Lee's army. Meade planned new offensives in Virginia for the fall. His first attempt was a series of inconclusive duels and maneuvers in October ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Overland Campaign
The Overland Campaign, also known as Grant's Overland Campaign and the Wilderness Campaign, was a series of battles fought in Virginia during May and June 1864, towards the end of the American Civil War. Lieutenant general (United States), Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, general-in-chief of all Union Army, Union armies, directed the actions of the Army of the Potomac, commanded by Major general (United States), Maj. Gen. George G. Meade, and other forces against Confederate States Army, Confederate General (CSA), Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Although Grant suffered severe losses during the campaign, it was a strategic Union victory. It inflicted proportionately higher losses on Lee's army and maneuvered it into a siege at Richmond in the American Civil War, Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia, in just over eight weeks. Crossing the Rapidan River on May 4, 1864, Grant sought to defeat Lee's army by quickly placing his forces between Lee and Richmond and inviting an ope ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Battle Of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg () was a three-day battle in the American Civil War, which was fought between the Union and Confederate armies between July 1 and July 3, 1863, in and around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The battle, won by the Union, is widely considered the Civil War's turning point, leading to an ultimate victory of the Union and the preservation of the nation. The Battle of Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle of both the Civil War and of any battle in American military history, claiming over 50,000 combined casualties. Union Major General George Meade's Army of the Potomac defeated attacks by Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, halting Lee's invasion of the North and forcing his retreat.A prior attempt by Lee to invade the north culminated in the Battle of Antietam and 23,000 casualties, the most of any single day Civil War.Rawley, p. 147; Sauers, p. 827; Gallagher, ''Lee and His Army'', p. 83; McPherson, p. 665; Eicher, p. 550. Gal ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Army Of Northern Virginia
The Army of Northern Virginia was a field army of the Confederate States Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was also the primary command structure of the Department of Northern Virginia. It was most often arrayed against the Union's Army of the Potomac. History Formation The name Army of Northern Virginia referred to its primary area of operation, which was typical of most Confederate States Army names. The Army originated as the Army of the Potomac, which was organized on June 20, 1861, from all operational forces in Northern Virginia. On July 20 and July 21, the Army of the Shenandoah and forces from the District of Harpers Ferry were added. Units from the Army of the Northwest were merged into the Army of the Potomac between March 14 and May 17, 1862. The Army of the Potomac was renamed the Army of Northern Virginia on March 14. The Army of the Peninsula was merged into it on April 12, 1862.Eicher, pp. 889–90. Robert E. Lee's biographer, Do ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |