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GRA or Gra may refer to: Government and politics * Gender Recognition Act 2004, a British act of law * Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners ("Society of Real Afrikaners"), which promoted Afrikaner culture and language * Ghana Revenue Authority * Gibraltar Regulatory Authority * Gobabis Residents' Association, a political party in Namibia *General Resources Account, principal account of the IMF Transportation * Granby station, in Colorado, United States * Grande Raccordo Anulare, a highway in Rome, Italy * Grantham railway station, England (National Rail station code GRA) Other uses * Garda Representative Association, a statutory representative body for Irish police officers * Georgia Research Alliance, an American non-profit organization * Girls Rodeo Association, now the Women's Professional Rodeo Association * Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism * Grey relational analysis * Greyhound Racing Association * Vilna Gaon Elijah ben Solomon Zalman, ( ''Rabbi Eliyahu ben Shlo ...
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Gender Recognition Act 2004
The Gender Recognition Act 2004 is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that allows adults in the United Kingdom who have gender dysphoria to change their legal sex. It came into effect on 4 April 2005. Background The act was drafted in response to court rulings from the European Court of Human Rights. The previous precedent dated back to 1970, when Arthur Cameron Corbett, 3rd Baron Rowallan had his marriage annulled on the basis that his wife, April Ashley, being transgender, was legally male. This argument was accepted by the judge, and the legal test for sex in the UK had been since been based on the judgment in ''Corbett v Corbett''. The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in '' Goodwin & I v United Kingdom'' 0022 FCR 577, that a trans person's inability to change the sex on their birth certificate was a breach of their rights under Article 8 and Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Following this judgment, the UK Gover ...
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Genootskap Van Regte Afrikaners
The Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners (Afrikaans for "Society of True Afrikaners") was formed on 14 August 1875 in the town of Paarl by a group of Afrikaans speakers from the current Western Cape region. From 15 January 1876 the society published a journal in Afrikaans called '' Die Afrikaanse Patriot'' ("The Afrikaans Patriot") as well as a number of books, including grammars, dictionaries, religious material and histories. ''Die Afrikaanse Patriot'' was succeeded in 1905 by today's Paarl newspaper. Arnoldus Pannevis, a teacher, is generally considered to be the spiritual father of the society. He had observed that most of the South Africans from Dutch descent could not speak the "pure" form of their original mother tongue anymore. In the course of its (then) 200-year-old history, the language of the immigrants from the Netherlands had been thoroughly changed by the influence of other European immigrants, indigenous tribes such as the Khoikhoi, and especially the Cape Malays. In ...
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Ghana Revenue Authority
The Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) is the Ghana administration charged with the task of assessing, collecting and accounting for tax revenue in Ghana. As part of efforts to improve compliance, the Authority is required to assist taxpayers to understand and meet their tax obligations by providing robust and comprehensive advice. Since its inception the GRA has integrated the four revenue institutions namely the Customs, Excise and Preventive Service (CEPS), the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the Value Added Tax Service (VATS) and the Revenue Agencies Governing Board (RAGB). History In December 2009, the four revenue agencies that is Customer Electronic Payment Systems (CEPS), Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Value Added Tax (VAT) Service and Revenue Agencies Governing Board(RAGB) Secretariat were merged in accordance with the Ghana Revenue Authority Act, 2009 (Act 791). GRA thus replaces the revenue agencies in the administration of taxes and customs duties in the country. Th ...
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Gibraltar Regulatory Authority
The Gibraltar Regulatory Authority (GRA) was established by the Gibraltar Regulatory Act in October 2000. The GRA is the statutory body in Gibraltar responsible for regulating electronic communications. This includes telecommunications, radio communications and broadcasting transmissions. The GRA serves as both the national supervisory and regulatory authority for these sectors. The supervision and regulation of these sectors is done in accordance with European Union law that has been rendered into national law. Since inception the GRA has seen its responsibilities extended to data protection and, for a time, gambling. Electronic Communication The GRA attempts to enhance competition in the communications sector by regulating network access to develop effective choice for business and residential consumers alike and by helping the facilitate entry to the communications market through authorisations and licences. The GRA policy is designed to make Gibraltar recognizable as a ...
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Gobabis Residents' Association
The Gobabis Residents' Association (GRA) is a local political party in Gobabis, Namibia. In the 1998 municipal elections GRA won 3 out of 7 seats in the Gobabis council. After the elections, GRA teamed up with SWAPO to rule the municipality, while observers would have expected that their main ally be the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance The Popular Democratic Movement (PDM), formerly Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA), is an amalgamation of political parties in Namibia, registered as one singular party for representation purposes. In coalition with the United Democratic Front ..., an opposition party. Rosemarie Swart of GRA became deputy mayor and Priscilla Christiaans became the council's vice-chairperson. Both Swart and Christiaans, as well as GRA member Petrus van Zyl became members of the management committee. In the May 2004 municipal elections, GRA received 1,031 votes (19.7%) and won only one seat, which went to Louis van der Merwe. The party did not contest the 2015 ...
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Granby Station
Granby station is a train station in Granby, Colorado. It is served by Amtrak's ''California Zephyr'', which runs once daily between Chicago and Emeryville, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. Despite its antiquated appearance and structure (the station is made of wood), the station was built in 1987. Granby is proposed as a station to use for access of the Rocky Mountain National Park by train. However, while the train ride (from the Denver Denver ( ) is a List of municipalities in Colorado#Consolidated city and county, consolidated city and county, the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in Colorado, most populous city of the U.S. state of ... side) provides impressive views, the station itself lies from the park, without public transportation connections. Notes References External links Granby Amtrak Station (USA RailGuide - TrainWeb) Amtrak stations in Colorado Former Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad sta ...
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Grande Raccordo Anulare
Autostrada A90 or Grande Raccordo Anulare () or GRA is a ring-shaped ''autostrada'' (Italian for "motorway") long in Italy located in the region of Lazio that encircles Rome. It is a part of the E80 European route. GRA is one of the most important roads in Rome, and traffic reaches 160,000 vehicles per day as of 2011. The GRA features 14 tunnels, with lengths varying from the 66 meters of Parco di Veio II tunnel to the meters of the Appia Antica tunnel as well as eight rest areas. It has 42 junctions, with the Via Aurelia numbered 1 and the rest following clockwise. The motorway has always been toll-free. However, there are plans to introduce a fee for vehicles entering the GRA from highways. Maintenance costs are around 11 million per year. Its acronym was given after one of its main designers and supporters, Eugenio Gra, chairman of Anas, the Italian roads Authority, at the time of construction. The official number among the Italian motorways is Autostrada A90, but is wi ...
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Grantham Railway Station
Grantham railway station is on the East Coast Main Line, serving the market town of Grantham, Lincolnshire, England. It is down the line from and is situated on the main line between to the south and to the north. Two secondary lines diverge from the main line north of Grantham: the "Poacher Line" to and Nottingham–Grantham line, a branch line to . Its three-letter station code is GRA. History The original station at Grantham (Grantham, Old Wharf railway station, Old Wharf) was opened when the Ambergate, Nottingham, Boston and Eastern Junction Railway, Ambergate, Nottingham, Boston & Eastern Junction Railway opened its line from Nottingham on 15 July 1850. This line was taken over by the Great Northern Railway (Great Britain), Great Northern Railway in 1854. This was replaced by the present station which opened on 1 August 1852; the Old Wharf station closed the following day. The new station was on the GNR's direct line between Peterborough railway station, Peterboroug ...
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Garda Representative Association
The Garda Representative Association (GRA; ) is the staff association for police officers of the rank of Garda (equivalent to "Constable" or "Officer" in the Republic of Ireland, founded under statutory provisions. Irish law prohibits members of the Garda Siochana from joining trade unions because of a view from Government that police industrial action would pose a risk to public safety. The GRA is a 1978 reconstitution of a Representative Body for Guards (RBG) set up under 1962 regulations. Three similar organisations exist for Gardai of other ranks up to that of Chief Superintendent. As of March 2023, the association had a membership of almost 12,000. It is funded by a levy of 0.6% of the base salary of all its members. History The JGRB and the Representative Body for Guards From 1927 to 1962, Garda members were represented for limited purposes by a Joint Garda Representative Body (JGRB); this body was criticised as dominated by senior officers and unable to secure needed cha ...
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Georgia Research Alliance
The Georgia Research Alliance is an Atlanta, Georgia-based nonprofit organization that coordinates research efforts between Georgia's public and private sectors. While the GRA receives a state appropriation for investment in university-based research opportunities, its operations are funded through foundation and industry contributions. In its first 19 years, the GRA leveraged $525 million in state funding into $2.6 billion of additional federal and private investment. The university partners include the following institutions: *University of Georgia *Augusta University *Emory University *Clark Atlanta University *Georgia Institute of Technology *Georgia State University *Mercer University *Morehouse School of Medicine See also *University System of Georgia References External links Official siteGeorgia Research Alliance at the New Georgia Encyclopedia The ''New Georgia Encyclopedia'' (NGE) is a web-based encyclopedia containing over 2,000 articles about the state of Georgi ...
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Girls Rodeo Association
The Women's Professional Rodeo Association (WPRA) is one of the largest rodeo sanctioning bodies in the world and is open exclusively to women eighteen years of age and older. Headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado, the Association currently has over 3,000 members from all over the contiguous United States, Canada, and Australia. In 2004, WPRA members competed for nearly $5 million in total prize money at rodeos in the United States and co-sanctioned Canadian Professional Rodeo Association (CPRA) events in Canada. History Formed as the Girls Rodeo Association (GRA) in 1948, several of the original members were female ranchers who had been forced to take over family operations as husbands, fathers, and brothers were called to service in World War II. Though women had played an important role in rodeo's formative years in the mid-to-late nineteenth century, competing and winning against their male counterparts, by the time of the GRA's formation women's role in rodeo had ...
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Glucocorticoid Remediable Aldosteronism
Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism also describable as ''aldosterone synthase hyperactivity'', is an autosomal dominant disorder in which the increase in aldosterone secretion produced by ACTH is no longer transient. It is a cause of primary hyperaldosteronism. Symptoms and signs Patients with GRA may be asymptomatic, but the following symptoms can be present: * Fatigue * Headache * High blood pressure * Hypokalemia * Intermittent or temporary paralysis * Muscle spasms * Muscle weakness * Numbness * Polyuria * Polydipsia * Tingling * Hypernatraemia * Metabolic alkalosis Normal Physiology Aldosterone synthase is a steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 oxidase enzyme involved in the generation of aldosterone. It is localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane. The enzyme has steroid 18-hydroxylase activity to synthesize aldosterone and other steroids. Aldosterone synthase is found within the zona glomerulosa at the outer edge of the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone synthase n ...
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