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Gouramis
Gouramis, or gouramies , are a group of freshwater anabantiform fish that comprise the family Osphronemidae. The fish are native to Asia—from the Indian Subcontinent to Southeast Asia and northeasterly towards Korea. The name "gourami", of Indonesian origin from Sundanese word the name "gurame", is also used for fish of the families Helostomatidae and Anabantidae. Many gouramis have an elongated, feeler-like ray at the front of each of their pelvic fins. All living species show parental care until fry are free swimming: some are mouthbrooders, like the Krabi mouth-brooding betta (''Betta simplex''), and others, like the Siamese fighting fish (''Betta splendens''), build bubble nests. Currently, about 133 species are recognised, placed in four subfamilies and about 15 genera. The name Polyacanthidae has also been used for this family. Some fish now classified as gouramis were previously placed in family Anabantidae. The subfamily Belontiinae was recently demoted from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dwarf Gourami
The dwarf gourami (''Trichogaster lalius'') is a species of gourami native to South Asia. Distribution and habitat The dwarf gourami is native to Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, it has also been widely distributed outside of its native range. It inhabits slow-moving waters in rivulets, streams and lakes, occurring in areas with plentiful vegetation. Appearance and anatomy This species can reach a length of fish measurement, TL. Male dwarf gouramis in the wild have diagonal stripes of alternating blue and red colors; females are a silvery color. Besides the difference in color, the sex can be determined by the dorsal fin. The male's dorsal fin is pointed, while the female's is rounded or curved. They carry touch-sensitive cells on their thread-like fish anatomy#Fins, pelvic fins. Dwarf gouramis sold in fish stores may also be solid colors (e.g., powder blue dwarf gourami or red flame variety) which are nothing but captive bred color morphs of the same species. Similar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giant Gourami
The giant gourami (''Osphronemus goramy'') is a species of large gourami native to freshwater habitats in Southeast Asia. It has also been introduced elsewhere. The species is commercial fisheries, commercially important as a food fish and is also aquaculture, farmed. It can be found in the aquarium trade, as well. The species has been used for weed control on highly invasive aquatic plants like ''Salvinia molesta'', as the giant gourami can be a voracious herbivore. It is capable of breathing moist air, so can survive out of water for long periods. It is much larger than most gouramis (only the other ''Osphronemus'' species reach a similar size), growing to a maximum standard length of , though most are only around . Distribution and habitat The giant gourami is native to rivers, streams, marshes, swamps and lakes in Southeast Asia, from the lower Mekong of Cambodia and Vietnam, and Chao Phraya River, Chao Phraya and Mae Klong of Thailand, as well as river basins in the Malay Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siamese Fighting Fish
The Siamese fighting fish (''Betta splendens''), commonly known as the betta, is a freshwater fish native to Southeast Asia, namely Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is one of 76 species of the genus '' Betta,'' but the only one eponymously called "betta", owing to its global popularity as a pet; ''Betta splendens'' are among the most popular aquarium fish in the world, due to their diverse and colorful morphology and relatively low maintenance. Betta fish are endemic to the central plain of Thailand, where they were first domesticated at least 1,000 years ago, among the longest of any fish. They were initially bred for aggression and subject to gambling matches akin to cockfighting. Bettas became known outside Thailand through King Rama III (1788–1851), who is said to have given some to Theodore Cantor, a Danish physician, zoologist, and botanist. They first appeared in the West in the late 19th century, and within decades became popu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belontia
''Belontia'', sometimes referred to as combtail gouramis, is a genus of gouramis, the only genus within the subfamily Belontiinae, native to freshwater habitats in Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, .... These are medium sized to large gouramis that are seldom kept in aquariums due to their aggression and relative lack of the color common to other gouramis. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * '' Belontia hasselti'' ( G. Cuvier, 1831) (Malay combtail) * '' Belontia signata'' ( Günther, 1861) (Ceylonese combtail) References Osphronemidae Freshwater fish of Asia Freshwater fish genera Taxa named by George S. Myers {{Anabantiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osphronemidae
Jan van der Hoeven (9 February 1801 – 10 March 1868) was a Dutch zoologist Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the structure, embryology, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems. Zoology is one .... {{DEFAULTSORT:van der Hoeven Animal taxa by author Taxa by Dutch author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ombilinichthys Yamini (cropped)
''Ombilinichthys'' is an extinct genus of gourami from the Ombilin Basin in Sumatra. It was discovered among fossils collected in 2009 from the lacustrine Sangkarewang Formation and described in 2015. It is the earliest known gourami, dated uncertainly to the Eocene. It contains a single species, ''Ombilinichthys yamini'', named for Indonesian poet and revolutionary Mohammad Yamin, who was born in the same town where ''Ombilinichthys yamini'' was discovered. It is a small and deep fish, with the holotype A holotype (Latin: ''holotypus'') is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of s ...'s body being 37mm long and 18mm deep. Its skull is also deep at 15mm. It is closely related to the genus '' Osphronemus''. Extinct animals of Indonesia References Osphronemidae Fossil taxa described in 2015 Fossils of Ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumatra
Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi.2), including adjacent islands such as the Simeulue Island, Simeulue, Nias Island, Nias, Mentawai Islands, Mentawai, Enggano Island, Enggano, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung and Krakatoa archipelago. Sumatra is an elongated landmass spanning a diagonal northwest–southeast axis. The Indian Ocean borders the northwest, west, and southwest coasts of Sumatra, with the island chain of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai Islands, Mentawai, and Enggano off the western coast. In the northeast, the narrow Strait of Malacca separates the island from the Malay Peninsula, which is an extension of the Eurasian continent. In the southeast, the narrow Sunda Strait, containing the Krakatoa archipelago, separates Sumatra from Java. The northern tip of Sumatra is near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangkarewang Formation
The Sankarewang Formation is an ?Ypresian, Early or Middle Eocene-aged geological formation in Sumatra, Indonesia near Padang. It is among the very few Paleogene fossil deposits from Southeast Asia that preserves a freshwater ecosystem, and contains many of the earliest records of freshwater fish taxa that now predominate the region. Many of the fishes from this formation are well-preserved as articulated skeletons. The fossils of the formation have been known since the 1870s, although they only received significant attention during the 1930s and again starting from the mid-2010s. The age for this formation has long been disputed, with suggested ages ranging from the Cretaceous to the Miocene. Although the exact age still remains uncertain, most recent studies have settled on a tentative Paleogene age, with estimates ranging from the Paleocene to the Oligocene. More recently, Palynology, palynological data suggests that the overlying Sawahlunto Formation is of middle-late Eocene in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''Ēṓs'', 'Eos, Dawn') and (''kainós'', "new") and refers to the "dawn" of modern ('new') fauna that appeared during the epoch.See: *Letter from William Whewell to Charles Lyell dated 31 January 1831 in: * From p. 55: "The period next antecedent we shall call Eocene, from ήως, aurora, and χαινος, recens, because the extremely small proportion of living species contained in these strata, indicates what may be considered the first commencement, or ''dawn'', of the existing state of the animate creation." The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Paleocene Epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch. The start of the Eocene is marked by a brief period in which the concentration of the carbon isoto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ombilinichthys
''Ombilinichthys'' is an extinct genus of gourami from the Ombilin Basin in Sumatra. It was discovered among fossils collected in 2009 from the lacustrine Sangkarewang Formation and described in 2015. It is the earliest known gourami, dated uncertainly to the Eocene. It contains a single species, ''Ombilinichthys yamini'', named for Indonesian poet and revolutionary Mohammad Yamin, who was born in the same town where ''Ombilinichthys yamini'' was discovered. It is a small and deep fish, with the holotype's body being 37mm long and 18mm deep. Its skull is also deep at 15mm. It is closely related to the genus ''Osphronemus ''Osphronemus'' is a genus of large gouramis, the only genus within the subfamily Osphroneminae. These fish are known as the giant gouramis and are native to rivers, lakes, pools, swamps and floodplains in Southeast Asia, with ''O. exodon'' fro ...''. Extinct animals of Indonesia References Osphronemidae Fossil taxa described in 2015 Fossils of Indon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lung
The lungs are the primary Organ (biology), organs of the respiratory system in many animals, including humans. In mammals and most other tetrapods, two lungs are located near the Vertebral column, backbone on either side of the heart. Their function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange. Respiration is driven by different muscular systems in different species. Mammals, reptiles and birds use their musculoskeletal systems to support and foster breathing. In early tetrapods, air was driven into the lungs by the pharyngeal muscles via buccal pumping, a mechanism still seen in amphibians. In humans, the primary muscle that drives breathing is the Thoracic diaphragm, diaphragm. The lungs also provide airflow that makes Animal communication#Auditory, vocalisation including speech possible. Humans have two lungs, a ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
