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Goftā Borūn šodī
''Goftā borūn šodī'' is a seven-verse ''ghazal'' (love-song) by the 14th-century Persian poet Hāfez. It is no. 406 in the collection of Hafez's ''ghazals'', which are arranged alphabetically by their rhyme, in the edition of Muhammad Qazvini and Qasem Ghani (1941). The poem is interesting because of its Sufic content and certain difficulties of interpretation. It has been compared with the more famous '' Mazra'-e sabz-e falak'' for its similarity of themes, and for the light which it may throw on that poem. In the opening of the poem the speaker (who is not made explicit) sternly criticises Hafez for "going outside" to look at the New Moon. It later appears that this action is equated with abandoning the mystic Way of Love in favour of Reason. In the second half of the poem Hafez is urged to remain faithful to the Way and to heed the advice of the Magian Elder. The metre The metre is called , which is relatively common in Persian lyric poetry. In Elwell-Sutton's system it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghazal
The ''ghazal'' ( ar, غَزَل, bn, গজল, Hindi-Urdu: /, fa, غزل, az, qəzəl, tr, gazel, tm, gazal, uz, gʻazal, gu, ગઝલ) is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The ghazal form is ancient, tracing its origins to 7th-century Arabic poetry. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate, and is now most prominently a form of poetry of many languages of the Indian subcontinent and Turkey. A ghazal commonly consists of five to fifteen couplets, which are independent, but are linked – abstractly, in their theme; and more strictly in their poetic form. The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet. In style and content, due to its highly allusive nature, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lunar Phase
Concerning the lunar month of ~29.53 days as viewed from Earth, the lunar phase or Moon phase is the shape of the Moon's directly sunlit portion, which can be expressed quantitatively using areas or angles, or described qualitatively using the terminology of the 4 major phases: new moon, first quarter, full moon, last quarter and 4 minor phases: waxing crescent, waxing gibbous, waning gibbous, and waning crescent. The lunar phases gradually change over a synodic month (~29.53 days) as the Moon's orbital positions around Earth and Earth around the Sun shift. The visible side of the Moon is variously sunlit, depending on the position of the Moon in its orbit. Thus, this face's sunlit portion can vary from 0% (at new moon) to 100% (at full moon). Each of the 4 major lunar phases (see below) is ~7.4 days, with +/− 19 hours in variation (6.58–8.24 days) due to the elliptical shape of the Moon's orbit. Phases of the Moon There are four ''principal'' (primary/major) lunar phases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghazals By Hafez
The ''ghazal'' ( ar, غَزَل, bn, গজল, Hindi-Urdu: /, fa, غزل, az, qəzəl, tr, gazel, tm, gazal, uz, gʻazal, gu, ગઝલ) is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The ghazal form is ancient, tracing its origins to 7th-century Arabic poetry. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate, and is now most prominently a form of poetry of many languages of the Indian subcontinent and Turkey. A ghazal commonly consists of five to fifteen couplets, which are independent, but are linked – abstractly, in their theme; and more strictly in their poetic form. The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet. In style and content, due to its highly allusive nature, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mazra'-ē Sabz-e Falak
The poem ("the Green Farmland of the Sky") is a ghazal (love song) by the 14th-century Persian poet Hafez of Shiraz. It has been called "the second most debated ghazal of Hafiz, the first being the Shirazi Turk". It is no. 407 in the edition of Hafez's ghazals by Muhammad Qazvini and Qasim Ghani (1941), according to the usual alphabetical arrangement by rhyme. At the beginning of the poem, Hafez is reminded by the sight of the night sky of his own failings and the unlikelihood of his reaching Heaven; but an adviser encourages him to be optimistic. In the last three verses, Hafez turns his attention to the beauty of his beloved, and declares that the path of Love will lead to Heaven more surely than false and hypocritical religious practice. The poem is full of astronomical imagery of the Sun, Moon, and stars, and also of metaphors of sowing and harvest. Scholarly debate over this poem especially concerns whether it presents an artistic unity, and if so, whether the type of unity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naqdhā Rā Bovad āyā
is a short ghazal (love poem) by the 14th-century Persian poet Hafez of Shiraz. It is no. 185 in the Qazvini-Ghani edition of Hafez's poems (1941). The poem is famous for a fine Persian miniature painting of 1585 illustrating the scene. In this poem Hafez advises hermits and ascetics to abandon their way of life and take up love. He describes the delights of making love to the sound of music, and tells how powerless they will be when overcome by the beauty of a beloved. In the last verse he advises poor people to avoid the society of the rich, who have no sympathy for them. The poem is written in such a way that it is difficult to tell whether Hafez is describing a real scene of love-making or using symbolic language to illustrate the mystic ecstasy of a Sufi on the path to union with God. The poem In the transcription, "x" represents the sound kh (خ) as in Khayyam, the letters gheyn (غ) and qāf (ق) are both written as "q ", and the sign " ' " represents a glottal stop. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zolf-'āšofte
is a ghazal (love-song) by the 14th-century Persian poet Hafez of Shiraz. In this poem, Hafez is visited in the night by a former beloved, and it becomes clear through metaphorical language that the encounter is successful. There is no hint of any Sufic or esoteric connection in this poem. The poem is no. 26 in the edition of Muhammad Qazvini and Qasem Ghani (1941). The poem In the transcription below, "x" = ''kh'' as in ''Khayyam'', ' is a glottal stop. Overlong syllables, which take up the time of a long plus a short syllable in the metre, are underlined. :1 : : : : :Tousled-hair and sweating and smiling-lipped and drunk, :shirt-torn and singing songs and wine-flask in hand, :2 : : : : :Her/His eye looking for a quarrel and her/his lip mocking, :at midnight last night s/he came to my pillow and sat down. :3 : : : : :S/He brought his/her head close to my ear and in a plaintive voice :said "Hey, old-time lover of mine, are you asleep?" :4 : : : : :A lover to whom the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alā Yā Ayyoha-s-sāqī
is a ''ghazal'' (love poem) by the 14th-century poet Hafez of Shiraz. It is the opening poem in the collection of Hafez's 530 poems. In this poem, Hafez calls for wine to soothe his difficulties in love. In a series of varied images he describes his feelings. He is advised to follow the advice of the Elder, and to achieve union with God by letting go of the world. The poem has generally been considered to have a Sufic intent.Inan (2012), p. 38. The verses alternate between Hafez's expression of his complaints and anxieties, and the reassurance of his spiritual guide. However, Julie Meisami argues that the intention of the poem is not mystical, but literary, and that Hafez by alluding to the love poetry of both Arabic and Persian of the past is laying claim to his position in that tradition. The first and last line of the poem are both in Arabic. The first Arabic line is said to be a quotation from a poem written by the 7th-century Caliph Yazid I, although some Iranian scholars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shirazi Turk
''Shirazi Turk'' is a ''ghazal (love poem)'' by the 14th-century Persian poet, Hāfez of Shiraz. It has been described as "the most familiar of Hafez's poems in the English-speaking world". It was the first poem of Hafez to appear in English, when William Jones made his paraphrase "A Persian Song" in 1771, based on a Latin version supplied by his friend Károly Reviczky. Edward Granville Browne wrote of this poem: "I cannot find so many English verse-renderings of any other of the odes of Ḥáfiẓ." It is the third poem in the collection (The ''Divān'' of Hafez) of Hafez's poems, which are arranged alphabetically by their rhymes. More recently, this ode has been the object of both a number of scholarly articles and controversy. Should it be taken at face value? (As a poem in which the poet describes his unrequited love for a handsome youth, and turns to wine as a consolation?) Or does it seem to conceal a hidden Sufi meaning describing the path of Love leading to union with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kay Khosrow
Kay Khosrow ( fa, کیخسرو) is a legendary king of Iran of Kayanian dynasty and a character in the Persian epic book, '' Shahnameh''. He was the son of the Iranian prince Siavash who married princess Farangis of Turan while in exile. Before Kay Khosrow was born, his father was murdered in Turan by his maternal grandfather Afrasiab. Kay Khosrow was trained as a child in the desert by Piran, the wise vizier of Afrasiab. His paternal grandfather was Kay Kāvus, the legendary Shah of Iran who chose him as his heir when he returned to Iran with his mother. The name Kay Khosrow derives from Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 ''Kauui Haosrauuaŋha'', meaning "seer/poet who has good fame". In Avesta In Avesta, Kay Khosrow has the epithet of 𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨 𐬛𐬀𐬒 𐬌𐬌𐬎𐬥𐬄𐬨 "arša airiianąm dax́ iiunąm", meaning "stallion of the Aryan lands". According to Avesta, Kay Kh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
