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Giuoco Piano
The (; )Hooper & Whyld (1996), p. 153. ''Giuoco Piano''. "The name means 'quiet game' and until the 19th century was often applied to any opening that was not a gambit." is a chess opening beginning with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Bc5 "White aims to develop quickly – but so does Black. White can construct a but in unfavourable conditions a centre which cannot provide a basis for further active play." The name "Italian Game" is also commonly used; however, that name is sometimes used instead to describe all openings starting 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4, including 3...Nf6 (the Two Knights Defence) and other less common replies. The Giuoco Piano is assigned codes C50 to C54 in the ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings''. History The Giuoco Piano is one of the oldest recorded openings. The Portuguese writer Pedro Damiano played it at the beginning of the 16th century and the Italian Greco played it at the beginning of the 17th century. The Giuoco Piano was pop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Game
The Italian Game is a family of chess openings beginning with the moves: :1. b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4, e4 b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5, e5 :2. b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3, Nf3 b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6, Nc6 :3. b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bc4, Bc4 This opening is defined by the of the white bishop to c4 (the so-called ""), where it attacks Black's vulnerable f7-square. It is part of the large family of Open Games or Double King's Pawn Games. The Italian Game is one of the oldest recorded chess openings; it occurs in the Göttingen manuscript and was developed by players such as Pedro Damiano, Damiano and Giulio Polerio, Polerio in the 16th century, and later by Gioachino Greco, Greco in 1620, who gave the game its main line. It has been extensively analyzed for more than 300 years. The term ''Italian Game'' is sometimes used interchangeably with Giuoco Piano, although the latter also refers particul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Kramnik
Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik (; born 25 June 1975) is a Russian Grandmaster (chess), chess grandmaster. He was the World Chess Champion#Split title (1993–2006), Classical World Chess Champion from 2000 to 2006, and the 14th undisputed World Chess Champion from 2006 to 2007. In 2000, Kramnik defeated Garry Kasparov and became the Classical World Chess Championship 2000, Classical World Chess Champion. He Classical World Chess Championship 2004, defended his title in 2004 against Peter Leko, and defeated the reigning World Chess Champion#Split title (1993–2006), FIDE World Champion Veselin Topalov in a World Chess Championship 2006, unification match in 2006. As a result, Kramnik became the first undisputed World Champion, holding both the FIDE and Classical titles, since Kasparov split from FIDE in 1993. In 2007, Kramnik lost the title to Viswanathan Anand, who won the World Chess Championship 2007 tournament ahead of Kramnik. He challenged Anand at the World Chess Championsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gambit
A gambit (from Italian , the act of tripping someone with the leg to make them fall) is a chess opening in which a player sacrifices with the aim of achieving a subsequent advantage. The word '' gambit'' is also sometimes used to describe similar tactics used by politicians or business people in a struggle with rivals in their fields, for example: "The early election was a risky gambit by Theresa May." Terminology The Spanish word ''gambito'' was originally applied to chess openings in 1561 by Ruy López de Segura, from an Italian expression ''dare il gambetto'' (to put a leg forward in order to trip someone). In English, the word first appeared in Francis Beale's 1656 translation of a Gioachino Greco manuscript, ''The Royall Game of Chesse-play'' ("illustrated with almost one hundred Gambetts"). The Spanish ''gambito'' led to French ''gambit'', which has influenced the English spelling of the word. The metaphorical sense of the word as "opening move meant to gain adva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evgeny Sveshnikov
Evgeny Ellinovich Sveshnikov (; 11 February 195018 August 2021) was a Russian chess player and writer who is credited with the development of the Sveshnikov Variation of the Sicilian Defence. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster by FIDE in 1977. Chess career Sveshnikov played in his first USSR Chess Championship when he was 17 years old. He was awarded by FIDE the titles International Master in 1975 and Grandmaster in 1977. In his early international competitions, he was a joint winner at Děčín 1974, shared first place (with Lev Polugaevsky) at Sochi 1976 and won category 8 tournaments at Le Havre 1977 and Cienfuegos 1979. At Novi Sad in 1979, he shared second prize with Efim Geller behind Florin Gheorghiu. At Wijk aan Zee in 1981, he shared 3rd place and in 1983, was joint champion of Moscow. Sveshnikov won the Latvian Chess Championship in 2003 and 2010. In 2017, Sveshnikov won the 65+ section of the World Senior Chess Championship. In team competitions, he pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sacrifice (chess)
In chess, a sacrifice is a move that gives up a piece with the objective of gaining tactical or positional compensation in other forms. A sacrifice could also be a deliberate exchange of a chess piece of higher value for an opponent's piece of lower value. Any chess piece except the king may be sacrificed. Because players usually try to hold on to their own pieces, offering a sacrifice can come as an unpleasant surprise to one's opponent, putting them off balance and causing them to waste precious time trying to calculate whether the sacrifice is sound or not, and whether to accept it. Sacrificing one's queen (the most valuable piece), or a string of pieces, adds to the surprise, and such games can be awarded . Types of sacrifice Real versus sham Rudolf Spielmann proposed a division between sham and real sacrifices: * In a ''real sacrifice'', the sacrificing player will often have to play on with less than their opponent for quite some time. * In a ''sham sacrifice'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerome Gambit
The Jerome Gambit is an unsound chess opening which is an offshoot of the Giuoco Piano. It is characterized by the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Bc5 :4. Bxf7+ Kxf7 :5. Nxe5+ Nxe5 White sacrifices two pieces (and eventually regains one) for two pawns in hopes of exposing Black's king and obtaining a . The line was a brief fad in the late 19th century, but it is almost never seen today. Discussion The opening is named after Alonzo Wheeler Jerome (1834–1902) of Paxton, Illinois, who had a game with this opening against the problemist William Shinkman published in the ''Dubuque Chess Journal'' in 1876. Blackburne wrote of it, "I used to call this the Kentucky opening. For a while after its introduction, it was greatly favoured by certain players, but they soon grew tired of it."Joseph Henry Blackburne, ''Mr. Blackburne's Games at Chess, selected, annotated and arranged by himself'/ref> Blackburne's name for the opening may have arisen from confusion with Danvers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Gambit
The Italian Gambit is a chess opening that begins with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Bc5 :4. d4 It is often played as an alternative to the quiet and closed lines of the Giuoco Piano or Giuoco Pianissimo openings. Black can: * take with the pawn (4...exd4), a transposition to the Scotch Gambit; * take with the knight (4...Nxd4), which is considered weak since it allows 5.Nxe5, attacking f7 with the bishop and knight; or * take with the bishop (4...Bxd4), which is considered best. 4...Bxd4 After 4...Bxd4 5.Nxd4 Nxd4: * 6.0-0, favoured by George Koltanowski, transposes to the related gambit line 4.0-0 Nf6 5.d4 following 6...Nf6, when 7.f4 and 7.Bg5 are the main possibilities for White; however, 6...d6 is an independent alternative for Black. * 6.Be3, dubbed the ''Miami Variation'' by Jude Acers and George Laven, is a way for White to deviate that probably suffices for dynamic . * 6.f4 is considered dubious due to 6...d6. See also * Italian Game * List of c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Lange Attack
The Max Lange Attack is a chess opening that can arise from several different opening lines, including the Two Knights Defense, Petroff's Defense, Scotch Gambit, Bishop's Opening, Center Game, and Giuoco Piano. Two of the most commonly seen are 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 (the Two Knights Defense) 4.d4 exd4 5.0-0 Bc5 6.e5, and 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Bc4 (the Scotch Gambit) Bc5 5.0-0 Nf6 6.e5. The opening is named for the German master Max Lange, who suggested it in 1854. Lines After 6.e5, Black has two main replies. Black's 6...Ng4 is , but rarely seen. More common is 6...d5, when the main line continues 7.exf6 dxc4 8.Re1+ Be6 9.Ng5 Qd5 (9...Qxf6 10.Nxe6 fxe6 11.Qh5+ followed by 12.Qxc5 is a notorious trap) 10.Nc3 Qf5 (10...dxc3?? 11.Qxd5 wins, since 11...Bxd5 is illegal) 11.Nce4 0-0-0 with complex play. Another line for White to try, a critical response, is after 6...d5, White plays 7.Bb5 with strong ideas for both sides, usually resulting in a slight edge for White. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evans Gambit
The Evans Gambit is a chess opening characterised by the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Bc5 :4. b4 The Evans Gambit is an attacking line of the Giuoco Piano. White offers a pawn to divert the black bishop on c5. If Black accepts, White can follow up with c3 and d4, ripping open the , while also opening diagonals to play Ba3 or Qb3 at some point, preventing Black from castling and threatening the f7-pawn, respectively. If Black declines, the b4-pawn stakes out on the queenside, and White can follow up with a4 later in the game, potentially gaining a tempo by threatening to trap Black's . According to Reuben Fine, the Evans Gambit poses a challenge for Black since the usual defences (playing ...d6 and/or returning the gambit pawn) are more difficult to achieve than with other gambits. (Fine was once beaten by this gambit in a against Bobby Fischer, in just 17 moves.) The ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' has two codes for the Evans Gambit, C51 and C52. Hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ian Nepomniachtchi
Ian Alexandrovich Nepomniachtchi ( rus, Ян Алекса́ндрович Непо́мнящий, r=Yan Aleksandrovich Nepomnyashchiy, p=ˈjan ɐlʲɪkˈsandrəvʲɪtɕ nʲɪˈpomnʲɪɕːɪj, a=Ru-Ian Alexandrovich Nepomnyashchij.ogg; born 14 July 1990) is a Russian chess grandmaster. Nepomniachtchi is the reigning (shared with Magnus Carlsen) World Blitz Chess Champion. He is also a 2 time Russian Chess Champion. He is one of the very few players to have won two consecutive Candidates Tournaments. He is currently Russia's highest ranked active chess player. Nepomniachtchi won the 2010 and 2020 Russian Superfinal and the 2010 European Individual titles. He also won the 2016 Tal Memorial and the 2008, 2015 and the 2025 Aeroflot Open events. He won the World Team Chess Championship as a member of the Russian team in Antalya (2013) and Astana (2019). Nepomniachtchi won the 2015 European Team Chess Championship in Reykjavík with the Russian team. In October 2016, Nepomniachtc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hikaru Nakamura
Christopher Hikaru NakamuraMemorandum in Support of Defendant Christopher Hikaru Nakamura's Motion to Dismiss , United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri, December 7, 2022 (born December 9, 1987) is an American Grandmaster (chess), chess grandmaster, Online streamer, streamer, YouTuber, five-time U.S. Chess Champion, and the reigning FIDE World Fischer Random Chess Championship 2022, World Fischer Random Chess Champion. A chess prodigy, he earned his grandmaster title at the age of 15, the youngest American at the time to do so. With a peak Elo rating system, rating of 2816, Nakamura is the Comparison of top chess players throughout history#Elo system, tenth-highest-rated player in history. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnus Carlsen
Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen (born 30 November 1990) is a Norwegian Grandmaster (chess), chess grandmaster. Carlsen is a five-time World Chess Championship, World Chess Champion, five-time World Rapid Chess Championship, World Rapid Chess Champion, and the reigning eight-time World Blitz Chess Championship, World Blitz Chess Champion. He has held the position in the FIDE world rankings, FIDE world chess rankings since 1 July 2011 and trails only Garry Kasparov in List of FIDE chess world number ones#Player statistics, time spent as the highest-rated player in the world. His peak Elo rating system, rating of 2882 is the List of chess players by peak FIDE rating, highest in history. He also holds the record for the List of world records in chess#Longest unbeaten streak, longest unbeaten streak at the elite level in classical chess at 125 games. A chess prodigy, Carlsen finished first in the C group of the Tata Steel Chess Tournament#2004, Corus chess tournament shortly after h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
