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Gisulf I Of Friuli
Gisulf I () was probably the first duke of Friuli (then ''Forum Julii''). He was a nephew of Alboin, first king of the Lombards in Italy, who appointed him duke around 569 after the Lombard conquest of the region. Before this, Gisulf had been Alboin's '' marpahis'' or "master of the horse", sometimes considered a shield-bearer. He was, according to Paul the Deacon, "a man suitable in every way." He asked Alboin for permission to choose which ''faras'' or clans he would lead or rule over in Friuli, and this request was granted. He thus chose which families would settle permanently in Friuli, and he "acquired the honour of a leader (''ducior'')." As riders would need to patrol the Venetian plain and bring swift news of any approaching foes, Alboin also granted him a great herd of brood mares of strength and endurance. He reigned during the Rule of the Dukes from 575 to 585. He was succeeded by his nephew, Gisulf II. Notes Sources *Paul the Deacon Paul the Deacon ( 720s 13 A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gisulf Cross
{{disambig, given name ...
Gisulf is the name of several figures in the political history of Italy: *Gisulf of Spoleto *Gisulf I of Friuli *Gisulf II of Friuli *Gisulf I of Benevento *Gisulf II of Benevento *Gisulf I of Salerno *Gisulf II of Salerno Gisulf II (also spelled ''Gisulph'', Latin ''Gisulphus'' or ''Gisulfus'', and Italian ''Gisulfo'' or ''Gisolfo'') was the last Lombard prince of Salerno (1052–1077). Life Gisulf was the eldest son and successor of Guaimar IV and Gemma, dau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Friuli
The dukes and margraves of Friuli were the rulers of the Duchy of Friuli, Duchy and March of Friuli in the Middle Ages. The dates given below, when contentious, are discussed in the articles of the respective dukes. Lombard dukes * 568–c.584 Gisulf I of Friuli, Gisulf I, nephew of King Alboin * 568/c.584–590 Grasulf I of Friuli, Grasulf I brother of GisulfGoubert, Paul. ''Byzance avant l'Islam II 1: Byzance et les Francs'' (Paris 1956) p. 197 * 590–610 Gisulf II of Friuli, Gisulf II, son of Grasulf I * 610–617 Tasso of Friuli, Tasso, son of Gisulf II * 610–617 Kakko of Friuli, Kakko, brother of Tasso * 617–651 Grasulf II of Friuli, Grasulf II, brother of Gisulf II * 651–663 Ago of Friuli, Ago * 663–666 Lupus of Friuli, Lupus * 666 Arnefrit of Friuli, Arnefrid, son of Lupus * 666–678 Wechtar of Friuli, Wechtar * 678–??? Landar of Friuli, Landar * ???–694 Rodoald of Friuli, Rodoald * 694 Ansfrid of Friuli, Ansfrid * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alboin
Alboin (530s – 28 June 572) was List of kings of the Lombards, king of the Lombards from about 560 until 572. During his reign the Lombards ended their migration period, migrations by settling in Kingdom of the Lombards, Italy, the northern part of which Alboin conquered between 569 and 572. He had a lasting effect on Italy and the Pannonian Basin; in the former, his invasion marked the beginning of centuries of Lombard rule, and in the latter, his defeat of the Gepids and his departure from Pannonia ended the dominance there of the Germanic peoples. The period of Alboin's reign as king in Pannonia following the death of his father, Audoin, was one of confrontation and conflict between the Lombards and their main neighbours, the Gepids. The Gepids initially gained the upper hand, but in 567, thanks to his alliance with the Avars (Carpathians), Avars, Alboin inflicted a decisive defeat on his enemies, whose lands the Avars subsequently occupied. The increasing power of his new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Italy
King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a constitutional monarch if his power is restrained by fixed laws. Kings are hereditary monarchs when they inherit power by birthright and elective monarchs when chosen to ascend the throne. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. Germanic kingship is cognate with Indo-European traditions of tribal rulership (cf. Indic '' rājan'', Gothic '' reiks'', and Old Irish '' rí'', etc.). *In the context of classical antiquity, king may translate in Latin as '' rex'' and in Greek as '' archon'' or ''basileus''. *In classical European feudalism, the title of ''king'' as the ruler of a ''kingdom'' is understood to be the highest rank in the feudal order, potentially subject, at least nominally, only to an emperor (harking b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italy
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land border, as well as List of islands of Italy, nearly 800 islands, notably Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares land borders with France to the west; Switzerland and Austria to the north; Slovenia to the east; and the two enclaves of Vatican City and San Marino. It is the List of European countries by area, tenth-largest country in Europe by area, covering , and the third-most populous member state of the European Union, with nearly 59 million inhabitants. Italy's capital and List of cities in Italy, largest city is Rome; other major cities include Milan, Naples, Turin, Palermo, Bologna, Florence, Genoa, and Venice. The history of Italy goes back to numerous List of ancient peoples of Italy, Italic peoples—notably including the ancient Romans, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marpahis
Marepaphias (also ''mar(e)pahis'') was a Lombard title of Germanic origin meaning "master of the horse", probably somewhat analogous to the Latin title ''comes stabuli'' or constable. According to Grimm, it came from ''mar'' or ''mare'' meaning "horse" (see modern English mare) and ''paizan'' meaning "to put on the bit". Notes References *{{Citation, author=Paul the Deacon (Paulus Diaconus) , year=1907 , title=Historia Langobardorum , translator=William Dudley Foulke , publisher=University of Pennsylvania , url=https://archive.org/details/historyoflangoba00pauluoft/page/n3/mode/2up Further reading *Hodgkin, Thomas. ''Italy and her Invaders''. Clarendon Press, 1895. *Abel, Otto. ''Paulus Diakonus und die ubrigen Geschichtschreiber der Langobarden''. 2nd edition revised by Dr. Reinhard Jacobi. Leipzig Leipzig (, ; ; Upper Saxon: ; ) is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Saxony. The city has a population of 628,718 inhabitants as of 2023. It is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul The Deacon
Paul the Deacon ( 720s 13 April in 796, 797, 798, or 799 AD), also known as ''Paulus Diaconus'', ''Warnefridus'', ''Barnefridus'', or ''Winfridus'', and sometimes suffixed ''Cassinensis'' (''i.e.'' "of Monte Cassino"), was a Benedictine monk, scribe, and historian of the Lombards. Life An ancestor of Paulus's named Leupichis emigrated to Italy in 568 in the train of Alboin, King of the Lombards. There, he was granted lands at or near ''Forum Julii'' (Cividale del Friuli). During an invasion by the Pannonian Avars, Avars, Leupichis's five sons were carried away to Pannonia, but one of them, his namesake, returned to Italian peninsula, Italy and restored the ruined fortunes of his house. The grandson of the younger Leupichis was Warnefrid, who by his wife Theodelinda became the father of Paul. Paulus was his monastic name; he was born Winfrid, son of Warnefrid, about 720 in the Duchy of Friuli. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rule Of The Dukes
The Rule of the Dukes was an interregnum in the Lombard Kingdom of Italy (574/5–584/5) during which part of Italy was ruled by the Lombard dukes of the old Roman provinces and urban centres. The interregnum is said to have lasted a decade according to Paul the Deacon, but all other sources—the '' Fredegarii Chronicon'', the '' Origo Gentis Langobardorum'', the '' Chronicon Gothanum'', and the Copenhagen continuator of Prosper Tiro—accord it twelve years. Here is how Paul describes the dukes' rule: After his death the Langobards had no king for ten years but were under dukes, and each one of the dukes held possession of his own city, Zaban of Ticinum, Wallari of Bergamus, Alichis of Brexia, Euin of Tridentum, Gisulf of Forum Julii. But there were thirty other dukes besides these in their own cities. In these days many of the noble Romans were killed from love of gain, and the remainder were divided among their "guests" and made tributaries, that they should pay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gisulf II Of Friuli
Gisulf II (''Gisulfo II di Friuli''; abt. 545 – 611) was the Duke of Friuli from around 591 to his death. He was the son and successor of Grasulf I of Friuli. Gisulf and Gaidoald of Trent were at odds with King Agilulf until they made peace in 602 or 603. Gisulf also allied with the Avars to make war on Istria. Gisulf was involved in the local church. The bishops of "the schismatics of Istria and Venetia," as Paul the Deacon calls them, fled to the protection of Gisulf. Gisulf also took part in the confirmation of the succession of Candidianus (Patriarch of Aquileia), Candidianus to the Patriarchate of Aquileia (Episcopal), patriarchate of Aquileia in 606. The most significant event of his reign occurred probably in 611.It has been dated as early as 602. However, Gisulf certainly took part in the confirmation of Candidianus in 606. When the Avars (Carpathians), Avars invaded Italy, Gisulf's territory was the first they passed through. Gisulf summoned a large army and went to mee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andreas Bergomatis
Andreas of Bergamo () was an Italian historian of the late ninth century. He composed a continuation of the ''Historia Langobardorum'' of Paul the Deacon down to ca. 877. The short continuation, untitled in the manuscripts, is sometimes called the ''Andreæ presbyteri Bergomatis chronicon'' (Chronicle of Andreas the priest of Bergamo). All that is known of Andreas is that he was a priest of the diocese of Bergamo that he helped carry the coffin of the Emperor Louis II from the river Oglio as far as the Adda in 875.Luigi Andrea Berto"Andreas of Bergamo"in ''Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle'', edited by Graeme Dunphy, Cristian Bratu. Consulted online on 16 October 2018. However, he never says that he was from Bergamo and he never identifies himself as either a Lombard or a Frank.Luigi Andrea Berto, ''Making History in Ninth-Century Northern and Southern Italy'' (Pisa: Pisa University Press, 2018), pp. 20–21. Andreas' chronicle is an important primary source for ninth-century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Friuli
The dukes and margraves of Friuli were the rulers of the Duchy of Friuli, Duchy and March of Friuli in the Middle Ages. The dates given below, when contentious, are discussed in the articles of the respective dukes. Lombard dukes * 568–c.584 Gisulf I of Friuli, Gisulf I, nephew of King Alboin * 568/c.584–590 Grasulf I of Friuli, Grasulf I brother of GisulfGoubert, Paul. ''Byzance avant l'Islam II 1: Byzance et les Francs'' (Paris 1956) p. 197 * 590–610 Gisulf II of Friuli, Gisulf II, son of Grasulf I * 610–617 Tasso of Friuli, Tasso, son of Gisulf II * 610–617 Kakko of Friuli, Kakko, brother of Tasso * 617–651 Grasulf II of Friuli, Grasulf II, brother of Gisulf II * 651–663 Ago of Friuli, Ago * 663–666 Lupus of Friuli, Lupus * 666 Arnefrit of Friuli, Arnefrid, son of Lupus * 666–678 Wechtar of Friuli, Wechtar * 678–??? Landar of Friuli, Landar * ???–694 Rodoald of Friuli, Rodoald * 694 Ansfrid of Friuli, Ansfrid * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Missing
A year is a unit of time based on how long it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun. In scientific use, the tropical year (approximately 365 solar days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45 seconds) and the sidereal year (about 20 minutes longer) are more exact. The modern calendar year, as reckoned according to the Gregorian calendar, approximates the tropical year by using a system of leap years. The term 'year' is also used to indicate other periods of roughly similar duration, such as the lunar year (a roughly 354-day cycle of twelve of the Moon's phasessee lunar calendar), as well as periods loosely associated with the calendar or astronomical year, such as the seasonal year, the fiscal year, the academic year, etc. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by changes in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
