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Giorgi I Gurieli
Giorgi I Gurieli ( ka, გიორგი I გურიელი; died 1512), of the House of Gurieli, was ''eristavi'' ("duke") and then ''mtavari'' ("prince") of Guria from 1483 until his death in 1512. Giorgi I Gurieli was a son of Kakhaber II Gurieli by his wife Anna and his successor as the ruler of Guria, a semi-independent polity which emerged in the process of dissolution of the Kingdom of Georgia, finalized in 1491. As a result, the ruler of Guria became a prince-regnant (''mtavari''), formally a vassal of the King of Imereti. Giorgi Gurieli remained more or less loyal to his royal suzerains, Alexander II and Bagrat III, and held the rank of Grand Master of the Household (''msakhurt-ukhutsesi'') at the court of Imereti. Around 1511, he lost to Mzechabuk Jaqeli, Prince of Samtskhe, the Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Gurieli
The House of Gurieli () was a Georgian princely (''mtavari'') family and a ruling dynasty (dukes) of the southwestern Georgian province of Guria, which was autonomous and later, for a few centuries, independent. A few ducal rulers of the dynasty also rose in the 17th-18th centuries to be kings of the whole western Caucasus in place of the hereditary Bagrationi kings of Imereti. History Bearing a hereditary title for governors (Eristavi) of Guria since the mid-13th century, Gurieli (literally, "of Guria") was adopted as a dynastic name by the Vardanisdze family (ვარდანისძე), hereditary rulers of Svaneti (a highland province in western Georgia). The other notable branch of the Vardanisdze was the Dadiani (დადიანი) of Samegrelo. Both of these branches occasionally used double names: Gurieli-Dadiani or Dadiani-Gurieli. The medieval Gurieli were vassals of the Georgian crown but, at the same time, seem to have paid some kind of homage ( el, πρ� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Of Samtskhe
The Samtskhe-Saatabago or Samtskhe Atabegate ( ka, სამცხე-საათაბაგო), also called the Principality of Samtskhe (სამცხის სამთავრო), was a Georgian feudal principality in Zemo Kartli, ruled by an atabeg (tutor) of Georgia for nearly three and a half centuries, between 1268 and 1625. Its territory consisted of the modern-day Samtskhe-Javakheti region and the historical region of Tao-Klarjeti. History Duchy of Samtskhe By the early 13th century, the members of house of Jaqeli were one among many powerful marcher lords, and certainly not the most significant. The title atabeg, by which the Jaqelis would later be known, was as yet reserved for the Mkhargrdzelis, the Armenian family that controlled Ani. The rise of the Jaqeli line was intimately bound up with the Mongol invasion of Georgia. In this initial phase of conquest, most of the Georgian and Armenian nobles, who held military posts along the frontier regions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1512 Deaths
Year 151 ( CLI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Condianus and Valerius (or, less frequently, year 904 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 151 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Asia * Mytilene and Smyrna are destroyed by an earthquake. * First year of Yuanjia of the Chinese Han Dynasty. By topic Art * Detail from a rubbing of a stone relief in Wu family shrine (Wuliangci), Jiaxiang, Shandong, is made (Han dynasty). Births * Annia Galeria Aurelia Faustina, daughter of Marcus Aurelius * Zhong Yao, Chinese official and calligrapher (d. 230) Deaths * Kanishka, Indian ruler of the Kushan Empire * Novatus Saint Novatus (died c. 151) is an early Christian saint. His feast day is 20 June. Novatus and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Of Guria
The Principality of Guria ( ka, გურიის სამთავრო, tr) was a historical state in Georgia. Centered on modern-day Guria, a southwestern region in Georgia, it was located between the Black Sea and Lesser Caucasus, and was ruled by a succession of twenty-two princes of the House of Gurieli from the 1460s to 1829. The principality emerged during the process of fragmentation of a unified Kingdom of Georgia. Its boundaries fluctuated in the course of permanent conflicts with neighboring Georgian rulers and Ottoman Empire, and the principality enjoyed various degrees of autonomy until being annexed by Imperial Russia in 1829. Early history Since the beginning of 13th century, Guria, one of the provinces of the Kingdom of Georgia, located between Rioni and Chorokhi river was administered by hereditary governors (Eristavi). The Gurian ruler to which the Georgian crown attached the title of Gurieli ("of Guria") took advantage of the Mongol invasion of Georgia a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamia I Gurieli
Mamia I Gurieli ( ka, მამია I გურიელი; died 1534), of the House of Gurieli, was Prince of Guria from 1512 until his death in 1534. Succeeding on the death of his father Giorgi I Gurieli, Mamia became involved in the conflict between the two eastern Georgian kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti in 1520; by force of arms, he compelled David X of Kartli to agree on peace with Levan of Kakheti, his son-in-law. Mamia Gurieli's 1533 campaign, jointly with his namesake Prince of Mingrelia, against the homebase of Circassian pirates ended in a fiasco, with Mamia being captured and ransomed later that year. Accession and early rule Mamia was a son of Giorgi I Gurieli, on whose death he succeeded as ''mtavari'' ("prince") of Guria, a polity in western Georgia, on the Black Sea coast, which emerged as a sovereign principality after the dissolution of the Kingdom of Georgia in 1491. Mamia acceded to the throne by blessing of King Bagrat III of Imereti, his royal suzerain. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zarzma Monastery
, infobox_width = , image = Zarzma monastery (Photo A. Muhranoff, 2011)-2.jpg , alt = , caption = The monastic church of Transfiguration at Zarzma , map_type = Georgia#Samtskhe-Javakheti , map_size = 275 , location = village of Zarzma in Samtskhe-Javakheti region, Georgia , coordinates = , religious_affiliation = Georgian Orthodox Church , rite = , region = , state = , province = , territory = , prefecture = , sector = , district = , cercle = , municipality = , consecration_year = , status = , functional_status = , heritage_designation = , leadership = , website = , architecture = yes , architect = , architecture_type = Church , architecture_ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaneti
Lazistan ( lzz, ლაზონა / ''Lazona'', ლაზეთი / ''Lazeti'', ჭანეთი / ''Ç'aneti''; ota, لازستان, ''Lazistān'') was the Ottoman administrative name for the sanjak, under Trebizond Vilayet, comprising the Laz or Lazuri-speaking population on the southeastern shore of the Black Sea. It covered modern day easternmost Trabzon, the land of contemporary Rize Province and the littoral of contemporary Artvin Province. History After the Ottoman conquest of Trebizond Empire and later Ottoman invasion of Guria in 1547, Laz populated area known as Lazia became its own distinctive area (sanjak) as part of eyalet of Trabzon, under the administration of a Governor who governed from the town of Rizaion (Rize). His title was "''Lazistan Mutasserif"''; in other words "''Governor of Lazistan"''. The Lazistan sanjak was divided into cazas, namely those of: Ofi, Rizaion, Athena, Hopa, Gonia and Batum. Not only the Pashas (governors) of Trabzon unti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adjara
Adjara ( ka, აჭარა ''Ach’ara'' ) or Achara, officially known as the Autonomous Republic of Adjara ( ka, აჭარის ავტონომიური რესპუბლიკა ''Ach’aris Avt’onomiuri Resp’ublik’a'' ), is a political-administrative region of Georgia. Located in the country's southwestern corner, Adjara lies on the coast of the Black Sea near the foot of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, north of Turkey. It is an important tourist destination and includes Georgia's second most populous city of Batumi as its capital. About 350,000 people live on its . Adjara is home to the Adjarians, a regional subgroup of Georgians. The name can be spelled in a number of ways, including ''Ajara'', ''Ajaria'', ''Adjaria'', ''Adzharia'', ''Atchara'' and ''Achara''. Under the Soviet Union, Adjara was part of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic as the Adjarian ASSR. The autonomous status of Adjara is guaranteed under article 6 of the Treaty of Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. The Black Sea is supplied by major rivers, principally the Danube, Dnieper, and Don. Consequently, while six countries have a coastline on the sea, its drainage basin includes parts of 24 countries in Europe. The Black Sea covers (not including the Sea of Azov), has a maximum depth of , and a volume of . Most of its coasts ascend rapidly. These rises are the Pontic Mountains to the south, bar the southwest-facing peninsulas, the Caucasus Mountains to the east, and the Crimean Mountains to the mid-north. In the west, the coast is generally small floodplains below foothills such as the Strandzha; Cape Emine, a dwindling of the east end of the Balkan Mountains; and the Dobruja Plateau considerably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eristavi
''Eristavi'' (; literally, "head of the nation") was a Georgian feudal office, roughly equivalent to the Byzantine ''strategos'' and normally translated into English as "prince" or less commonly as "duke". In the Georgian aristocratic hierarchy, it was the title of the third rank of prince and governor of a large province. Holders of the title were ex-officio commanders of a military 'banner', wore a distinctive dress, ring, belt and spear and rode a particular breed of horse. Some high-ranking eristavis were also titled as eristavt-eristavi (), i.e. "duke of dukes" or archduke but it is improbable that the holder of the title had any subordinate eristavis. Erismtavari (; literally, "chief of the people" or grand duke) was a similar title chiefly endowed upon the pre- Bagratid rulers of Iberia (Eastern Georgia) and later used interchangeably with the ''eristavi''. The title gave origin to the surname of four Georgian noble houses—Eristavi of Aragvi, Eristavi of Ksani ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bagrat III Of Imereti
Bagrat III ( ka, ბაგრატ III) (1495-1565), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a King of Imereti from April 1, 1510, to 1565. He succeeded upon the death of his father, Alexander II, and faced repeated assaults from the Ottoman Turks as well as the conflicts with his ostensible vassal princes of Mingrelia, Guria, and Abkhazia who were frequently joining the enemy. Reign In 1512, the Ottomans invaded Imereti through its southern neighbor Samtskhe and unexpectedly struck Bagrat’s capital Kutaisi. After the Ottoman army left Imereti, Bagrat launched a program of restoration, reorganized the church, and enforced a law condemning to death all who engaged in slave trading practiced by the Turks in conjunction with some Georgian nobles. In 1533, he persuaded Mamia I Gurieli of Guria and Mamia III Dadiani of Mingrelia to organize a combined and eventually disastrous expedition against the piratical North Caucasian tribe of Zichi which had come under the Turkish influence. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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