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Gheorghe Arsenescu
Gheorghe Arsenescu (May 31, 1907 – May 29, 1962) was a Romanian Army officer who led an anti-communist resistance movement in post-World War II Romania. Biography Early years and World War II He was born in Câmpulung. His father, Captain Ion Arsenescu, fought in World War I and was killed in action at the Battle of Mărășești. Gheorghe Arsenescu graduated from the "Dinicu Golescu" High School in his hometown, and then, following in the military tradition of his father, enrolled in the Higher War School, in Bucharest. After graduating in 1924, he joined the 30th Regiment Dorobanți from Câmpulung. At the start of World War II he was Operations Chief for the 2nd Mountain Division ( Vânători de munte), under the command of General Ioan Dumitrache. He fought in the Crimean campaign, was wounded, and then returned to the front. During the war he rose to the rank of colonel. He was decorated in 1940 with the Order of the Star of Romania, 3rd Class, and in 1941 wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Câmpulung
Câmpulung (also spelled ''Cîmpulung'', , , Old Romanian ''Dlăgopole'', ''Длъгополе'' (from Middle Bulgarian), or ''Câmpulung Muscel'') is a municipiu, city in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is attested on the Fra Mauro map from 1450 as Campo longo. It is situated among the outlying hills of the Southern Carpathians, at the head of a long well-wooded glen traversed by the river Râul Târgului, Târgului, a tributary of the river Argeș (river), Argeș. History Near Câmpulung are the remains of Jidava (castra), Jidava (or Jidova) Roman fort built around 190–211 AD on the frontier of the empire, the Limes Transalutanus; and just next to it, vestiges of a Roman colony, variously identified with Romula, Stepenium and Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa, Ulpia Traiana. Now called ''Grădiștea'' (meaning ''place of a fortress'' in Romanian) or ''Jidovi''. Campulung was also important because it was only 37 km away from the Bran Pass an important trade and mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Mărășești
The Battle of Mărășești (6 August 1917 – 3 September 1917) was the last major battle fought by the Central Powers against the Kingdom of Romania and Russian Empire, Russia on the Romania in World War I, Romanian front during World War I. Romania was mostly occupied by the Central Powers, but the Battle of Mărășești kept the northern region of the country free from occupation. Background Mărășești, just like Mărăști, Vrancea, Mărăști, is part of the strategically important area of the Focșani Gate. Control of this area eases attacks into several Romanian regions. On 22 July 1917, the Romanians launched a Kerensky Offensive, joint offensive with Russian Republic, Russia against the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian 1st Army, around Mărăști and the lower part of the Siret River, Siret river, which resulted in the Battle of Mărăști. Although there was some initial success, a counter-offensive by the Central Powers in Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Gali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vin Americanii!
("The Americans are coming!") was a slogan used in Romania in the 1940s and 1950s, encapsulating the hope that an American-led invasion of Eastern Europe would topple the Soviet-backed, Communist-dominated government installed in early 1945. This notion helped sustain an anti-communist resistance movement and emboldened the civilians who aided it. Resistance groups The expectation of the resistance groups that had withdrawn into the mountains was that World War III would break out between the British and the Americans on one side and the Soviets on the other. Under that scenario, the Soviet troops then occupying Romania would be driven out by the United States Army with help from the local resistance. Groups in Transylvania were prepared to eliminate communist officials as soon as war began, and take control of their particular region. They built supply lines with the local population, gathered armaments, munitions and money, and developed plans to attack institutions and com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western World
The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and state (polity), states in Western Europe, Northern America, and Australasia; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West. The Western world likewise is called the Occident () in contrast to the Eastern world known as the Orient (). Definitions of the "Western world" vary according to context and perspectives; the West is an evolving concept made up of cultural, political, and economic synergy among diverse groups of people, and not a rigid region with fixed borders and members. Some historians contend that a linear development of the West can be traced from Greco-Roman world, Ancient Greece and Rome, while others argue that such a projection constructs a false genealogy. A geographical concept of the West started to take shape in the 4th century CE when Constantine the Great, Constantine, the first Christian Roman emperor, divided the Roman Em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nucșoara
Nucșoara is a commune in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Gruiu, Nucșoara, Sboghițești and Slatina. The commune is located in the northern part of the county, on the border with Brașov County. It is nestled on the southern slopes of the Făgăraș Mountains, at the foot of Moldoveanu Peak Moldoveanu Peak (, ; "Moldavian Peak"), at , is the highest mountain peak in Romania.Râul Doamnei river has its source in the area, and runs through Slatina and Sboghițești. With a surface area of , Nucșoara is the largest commune in Romania. Notable residents *[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hajduk
A hajduk (, plural of ) is a type of Irregular military, irregular infantry found in Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and parts of Southeast Europe from the late 16th to mid 19th centuries, especially from Hajdú–Bihar County, Hajdú-Bihar county. They have reputations ranging from bandits to freedom fighters depending on time, place, and their enemies. In the European lands of the Ottoman Empire, the term ''hajduk'' was used to describe bandits and brigands of the Balkans, while in Central Europe for the West Slavs, Hungarians, and Germans, and Eastern Europe for the Ukrainians, it was used to refer to outlaws who protected Christians against provocative actions by the Ottomans. By the 17th century they were firmly established in the Ottoman Balkans, owing to increased taxes, Christian victories against the Ottomans, and a general decline in security. Hajduk bands predominantly numbered one hundred men each, with a firm hierarchy under one leader. They tar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toma Arnăuțoiu
Toma Arnăuțoiu (14 February 1921 – 18 July 1959) was a Romanian officer who led a small group of anti-communist resistance fighters in the Southern Carpathian foothills between 1949 and 1958. It ended up as one of the most enduring resistance groups in Eastern Europe. Biography Early life Arnăuțoiu was born in the village of Nucșoara, Muscel County (now Argeș), Kingdom of Romania. He was the second son of schoolteacher Ion Arnăuţoiu and his wife, Laurenția. Starting in 1942 he attended the Cavalry School "King Ferdinand I" in Târgoviște, graduating fourth in his class in April 1944 with the rank of second lieutenant. He saw action in the fall of 1944, after Romania joined the Allied campaign against Germany as a result of King Michael's Coup. For his actions he was awarded on 4 November the Order of the Crown of Romania, knight class. On 26 December 1944 Arnăuțoiu was wounded in action in Hungary. After spending three months in a hospital, he resumed mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cetățeni
Cetățeni is a Commune in Romania, commune in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Cetățeni, Lăicăi, and Valea Cetățuia. The commune is situated at a distance of from Pitești and from Câmpulung, right next to Dâmbovița County. The neighboring communes are: Stoenești, Argeș, Stoenești to the north, Pucheni to the east, Malu cu Flori to the south, Văleni-Dâmbovița, Văleni to the west, and Mioarele to the northwest. is located here. References Communes in Argeș County Localities in Muntenia {{Argeş-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Liberal Party–Tătărescu
The National Liberal Party–Tătărescu (, PNL-Tătărescu) was a Liberalism, liberal and Social liberalism, social liberal List of political parties in Romania, political party in the Kingdom of Romania and then in the Socialist Republic of Romania. It was established as a breakaway faction (or spin off) from the main, historical National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875), National Liberal Party (PNL) in 1944. From December 1947 onwards, the party was generally referred to as the National Liberal Party–Bejan (PNL-Bejan), as initial leader (or party president) Gheorghe Tătărescu resigned from the party and was replaced by the party's second and last leader, Petre Bejan, before being banned or dissolved by the Communist authorities in 1950. History The party resulted from a split in the National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875), National Liberal Party (PNL), with the faction centered around Gheorghe Tătărescu, former twice Prime Minister of Romania (both as PNL member and as Nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polirom
Polirom or Editura Polirom ("Polirom" Publishing House) is a Romanian publishing house with a tradition of publishing classics of international literature and also various titles in the fields of social sciences, such as psychology, sociology, and anthropology. The company was founded in February 1995 in Iași. The first title published by Polirom was ''For Europe'', by Adrian Marino. As of 2023, Polirom has published about 8,300 titles, in over 60 series and collections, amounting to 13 million copies in all. The editorial profile includes both fiction (35%) and nonfiction (65%). In 2008, the company published 700 new titles, in a range of over 70 collections ranging from self-help to modern classics such as Robert Musil's ''The Man Without Qualities'' and from textbooks to "chick lit". [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean Campaign
The Crimean campaign was conducted by the Axis powers, Axis as part of Operation Barbarossa during World War II. The invading force was led by Nazi Germany, Germany with support from Kingdom of Romania, Romania and Fascist Italy, Italy, while the Soviet Union took up defensive positions throughout the Crimea, Crimean Peninsula. The Axis offensive routed the Red Army and enabled the three-year-long German occupation of Crimea during World War II, German occupation of Crimea. Beginning on 26 September 1941, the German 11th Army (Wehrmacht), 11th Army and the Romanian Third Army (Romania), Third Army and Fourth Army (Romania), Fourth Army were involved in the fighting.p. 62, Keegan They were opposed by the Soviet 51st Army (Soviet Union), 51st Army and elements of the Black Sea Fleet. After the campaign, Crimea was occupied by Germany's Army Group A, with the 17th Army (Wehrmacht), 17th Army as a major subordinate formation. Sevastopol and Kerch were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
