|
Gerard Reeskamp
Gerard Adrianus Reeskamp (Utrecht, 13 August 1899 – Soest, 26 March 1970) was a Dutch resistance fighter who was active in Friesland and the Gooi during World War II. Before the war Gerard Reeskamp was born in 1899 in Utrecht. He started a successful drugstore in Bussum. In 1933, Reeskamp and his large family moved from their home above the drugstore to a detached house in Naarden. A devout Protestant, his faith was important to him throughout his life. Resistance Before the war (1939) he was practically already part of the resistance, tailing Germany-sympathizers in the area together with his eldest son, Gerard Reeskamp. Reeskamp already distributed pamphlets before the war to warn people of the imminent danger. Immediately after the invasion in May 1940, he organized a resistance group in the Gooi, nearby Amsterdam. His eldest son Gerard together with the later famous resistance fighter Theo Dobbe were members of this group. The group stole chests of ammunition and trotyl from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utrecht
Utrecht ( ; ; ) is the List of cities in the Netherlands by province, fourth-largest city of the Netherlands, as well as the capital and the most populous city of the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of Utrecht (province), Utrecht. The municipality of Utrecht is located in the eastern part of the Randstad conurbation, in the very centre of mainland Netherlands, and includes Haarzuilens, Vleuten and De Meern. It has a population of 376,435 as of . Utrecht's ancient city centre features many buildings and structures, several dating as far back as the High Middle Ages. It has been the religious centre of the Netherlands since the 8th century. In 1579, the Union of Utrecht was signed in the city to lay the foundations for the Dutch Republic. Utrecht was the most important city in the Netherlands until the Dutch Golden Age, when it was surpassed by Amsterdam as the country's cultural centre and most populous city. Utrecht is home to Utrecht University, the largest university ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soest, Netherlands
Soest () is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and town in the central Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht (province), Utrecht. It is about west of Amersfoort. Population centres The town of Soest The oldest documents mentioning Soest (then written as ''Zoys'') date from 1029. Its oldest church (the ''Oude Kerk'', meaning ''Old Church''), which is still in use today, dates from the fifteenth century. Traces of earlier habitation are found though. The area of "Hees", now at the outskirts of Soest may date in to the Early Middle Ages, and prehistory, prehistoric burial mounds in the Soesterduinen point to early habitation in this area. Agricultural activity is still visible as there is much Farmland (farming), farmland within Soest. The biggest area is in the center of the town, on a hill, and are called 'de Engh'. A small street is ''het Kerkpad'' (literally, the Church Path). The Soesterduinen (sand dunes), is a popular area for recreation. Numerous chu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Resistance
The Dutch resistance () to the History of the Netherlands (1939–1945), German occupation of the Netherlands during World War II can be mainly characterized as non-violent. The primary organizers were the Communist Party of the Netherlands, Communist Party, churches, and independent groups. Over 300,000 people were hidden from German authorities in the autumn of 1944 by 60,000 to 200,000 illegal landlords and caretakers. These activities were tolerated knowingly by some one million people, including a few individuals among German occupiers and military.L. de Jong: Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog. The Dutch resistance developed relatively slowly, but the February strike of 1941 (which involved random police harassment and the deportation of over 400 Jews) greatly stimulated resistance. The first to organize themselves were the Dutch communists, who set up a cell-system immediately. Some other very amateurish groups also emerged, notably, De Geuzen, set ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten
The ''Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten'' (BS; ), fully the ''Nederlandse Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten'' (NBS), was a government-sanctioned union of Dutch resistance, Dutch resistance groups during the Netherlands in World War II, German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II, which had hardly cooperated until then. History Until 1944 the resistance groups, insofar as they were in contact, worked independently under the supervision of the ''Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten'' (BBO, 'Office of Special Assignments') of the Dutch government-in-exile in London. When they were merged into the ''Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten'', Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld was appointed commander of this new organization, although he remained in London. The commander of the BS in the occupied Netherlands was Colonel w:nl:Henri Koot, Henri Koot, who was in Amsterdam. At the time the groups were united, they had less than 10,000 members between them. They were also very poorly armed, though this would ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friesland
Friesland ( ; ; official ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia (), named after the Frisians, is a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen (province), Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of Flevoland, northeast of North Holland, and south of the Wadden Sea. As of January 2023, the province had a population of about 660,000, and a total area of . The province is divided into 18 municipalities. The Capital city, capital and seat of the provincial government is the city of Leeuwarden (West Frisian: ''Ljouwert'', Liwwaddes: ''Liwwadde''), a city with 123,107 inhabitants. Other large municipalities in Friesland are Sneek (pop. 33,512), Heerenveen (pop. 50,257), and Smallingerland (includes town of Drachten, pop. 55,938). Since 2017, Arno Brok is the King's Commissioner in the province. A coalition of the Christian Democratic Appeal, the People's Party for Freedom a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gooi
The Gooi ( ) is an area around Hilversum, in the centre of the Netherlands. It is a slightly hilly area characterised by its green landscape, its historical charm, the wealth of its inhabitants and its villas. The Gooi is known in the country as the home of the rich and famous. Name The name ''Gooi'' is related to , the Dutch word for "", being an old name for a 'region'. The Gooi is conventionally referred to in Dutch as or , literally meaning 'the Gooi'. It is also sometimes referred to as "". In English, the area is generally referred to as "Het Gooi" (capital "H") or "the Gooi area". Location and composition The Gooi is the area around Hilversum in the southeastern corner of the province of North Holland. It is located east of Amsterdam and north of Utrecht, between Amersfoort and Amsterdam. The boundaries are not clearly demarcated. It is generally the area between a dry ditch called the Gooyergracht, dug in 1356 to demarcate the border with the province of Utrecht, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bussum
Bussum () is a commuter town and former municipality in the Gooi region in the south east of the province of North Holland in the Netherlands near Hilversum. Since 2016, Bussum has been part of the new municipality of Gooise Meren. Bussum had a population of 33,595 in 2019 and covered an area of . History For a long time Bussum was a hamlet situated in the heathlands of the Gooi and was first mentioned in 1306. At this time, Bussum was shown on maps as a large heathland with many small farms, sheep pens and forests. Since Bussum was situated near the fortified town of Naarden it was governed by Naarden from 1369. In 1470 Bussum had about 250 inhabitants, which made it the smallest village in the Gooi. Bussum became independent from Naarden in 1817, yet it was not until the arrival of a railway line in 1874 that Bussum began to flourish. Two train stations were built in the town, that still exist today: Naarden-Bussum and Bussum Zuid (Dutch language, Dutch for Bussum South), bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naarden
Naarden () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and former List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Gooi region in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Holland, Netherlands. It has been part of the new municipality of Gooise Meren since 2016. History Naarden was granted its City rights in the Netherlands, city rights in 1300 (the only town in the Gooi with these rights) and later developed into a fortified garrison town with a textile industry. In 1572, the city was sacked and burnt down, and only 60 people survived the Massacre of Naarden. The massacre was committed by Spanish soldiers against the townspeople of Naarden as part of a punitive expedition against Dutch rebels later known as the Spanish Fury. The destruction of the city galvanized the Dutch rebels, leading them to continue the Eighty Years' War, Dutch War of Independence against Spain. Naarden is an example of a star fort, complete with fortification, fortif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicherheitsdienst
' (, "Security Service"), full title ' ("Security Service of the ''Reichsführer-SS''"), or SD, was the intelligence agency of the Schutzstaffel, SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. Established in 1931, the SD was the first Nazi intelligence organization and the Gestapo (formed in 1933) was considered its sister organization through the integration of SS members and operational procedures. The SD was administered as an independent SS office between 1933 and 1939. That year, the SD was transferred over to the Reich Security Main Office (''Reichssicherheitshauptamt''; RSHA), as one of its seven departments. Its first director, Reinhard Heydrich, intended for the SD to bring every single individual within the Third Reich's reach under "continuous supervision". Following Germany's defeat in World War II, the tribunal at the Nuremberg trials officially declared that the SD was a criminal organisation, along with the rest of Heydrich's RSHA (including the Gestapo) both individually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yad Vashem
Yad Vashem (; ) is Israel's official memorial institution to the victims of Holocaust, the Holocaust known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (). It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; echoing the stories of the survivors; honoring Jews who fought against their Nazi oppressors and gentiles who selflessly aided Jews in need; and researching the phenomenon of the Holocaust in particular and genocide in general, with the aim of avoiding such events in the future. Yad Vashem's vision, as stated on its website, is: "To lead the documentation, research, education and commemoration of the Holocaust, and to convey the chronicles of this singular Jewish and human event to every person in Israel, to the Jewish people, and to every significant and relevant audience worldwide." Established in 1953, Yad Vashem is located on the Mount of Remembrance, on the western slope of Mount Herzl, a height in western Jerusalem, Above mean sea level, above sea level and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hidden Children
Children (mainly Jewish) were hidden in various different ways during the Holocaust in order to save them from the Nazis. Most were hidden in Poland, though some were hidden in Western Europe. Not all attempts to save them were successful; for instance, German Jewish refugee Anne Frank was eventually captured in Amsterdam. Methods of hiding Poland had the largest prewar Jewish population During the war had the largest number of hidden children, significant numbers were also hidden in France and the Netherlands, with smaller numbers in other parts of Western Europe. Children were hidden in several different ways, each traumatic, but those in which the child was separated from his or her parents proved the most difficult (see next section). *A child who was actually hidden with at least one of his parents, in some physical location, such as a secret attic. The family would need at least one outside non-Jewish "helper," who brought in daily food and other supplies. The lives of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
