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George Milpurrurru
George Milpurrurru (1934–1998) was an Australian Aboriginal artist known for his bark paintings. Biography Milpurrurru was born in 1934 and raised in central Arnhem Land, specifically Ganalbingu land, where he learned his artistry. He came from a family of artists; he was the son of Dick Ngulmarrmar, who taught him the art of bark painting, and the sister of Dorothy Djukulul, also a highly respected bark painter. Milpurrurru is a part of the Gurrumba Gurrumba clan, which translates to a flock of Geese. The traditions, styles, and surroundings of his clan provided much inspiration when it came to his bark paintings, which is shown through his usage of the Magpie Geese. The Magpie Goose is a totemic animal of the Gurrumba Gurrumba clan, and is often depicted surrounding water holes -- birth and death portals to both creation and the afterlife. Milpurrurru's daughter, Gladys Getjpulu, is also an artist. He died in 1998. Style As one of the Ramingining artists, Milpurrurru was i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorothy Djukulul
Dorothy Djukulul (born 1942) is a traditional Australian Aboriginal artist who lives in Ramingining in Central Arnhem Land. She speaks Ganalbingu and is a part of the Gurrumba Gurrumba clan, who identify as being a part of the Yirrija moiety. Biography Dorothy Djukulul was born on 10 June 1942 at Murrwangi, near the Arafura Swamp in Arnhem Land. During her childhood, Djukulul and her family lived on Milingimbi Island, where she attended a Methodist school. Early in her career, Djukulul worked in a bakery in the newly established trading post in Maningrida, an Aboriginal community. After finishing school Djukulul and her family moved back to Ramingining. After marrying her first husband, she moved to Maningrida, but after his death she moved back to Ramingining. Djukulul married her second husband, Djardie Ashley, in 1978. Djukulul learned to paint from her father, Ngulmarmar. Ngulmarmar was a distinguished bark painter whose works have hung in numerous major art galleries an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canberra
Canberra ( ; ) is the capital city of Australia. Founded following the Federation of Australia, federation of the colonies of Australia as the seat of government for the new nation, it is Australia's list of cities in Australia, largest inland city, and the list of cities in Australia by population, eighth-largest Australian city by population. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory at the northern tip of the Australian Alps, the country's highest mountain range. Canberra's estimated population was 473,855. The area chosen for the capital had been inhabited by Aboriginal Australians for up to 21,000 years, by groups including the Ngunnawal and Ngambri. history of Australia (1788–1850), European settlement commenced in the first half of the 19th century, as evidenced by surviving landmarks such as St John the Baptist Church, Reid, St John's Anglican Church and Blundells Cottage. On 1 January 1901, federation of the colonies of Australi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perth
Perth () is the list of Australian capital cities, capital city of Western Australia. It is the list of cities in Australia by population, fourth-most-populous city in Australia, with a population of over 2.3 million within Greater Perth . The Extremes on Earth#Other places considered the most remote, world's most isolated major city by certain criteria, Perth is part of the South West Land Division of Western Australia, with most of Perth metropolitan region, Perth's metropolitan area on the Swan Coastal Plain between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp. The city has expanded outward from the original British settlements on the Swan River (Western Australia), Swan River, upon which its #Central business district, central business district and port of Fremantle are situated. Perth was founded by James Stirling (Royal Navy officer), Captain James Stirling in 1829 as the administrative centre of the Swan River Colony. The city is situated on the traditional lands of the Whadju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AustLII
The Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII) is an institution operated jointly by the Faculties of Law of the University of Technology Sydney and the University of New South Wales. Its public policy purpose is to improve access to justice through access to legal information. Inception and aims AustLII was established in 1995. Founded as a joint program of the University of Technology Sydney and the University of New South Wales law schools, its initial funding was provided by the Australian Research Council. Its public policy purpose is to improve access to justice through access to legal information. Content AustLII content is publicly available legal information. Its primary source information includes legislation, treaties and decisions of courts and tribunals. It also hosts secondary legal materials, including law reform and royal commission reports, as well as legal journals. The AustLII databases include the complete text of all of the decisions of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timmy Payungka Tjapangati
Timmy Payungka (1942 – 7 May 2000) was an Aboriginal Australian artist, a Pintupi man who worked at the Papunya Tula school of painting. He was born at Parayirpilynga, near Wilkinkarra (Lake Mackay) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. He met his wife at Warburton. His family was met by a welfare patrol at Yarrana, west of Kintore, Northern Territory, and brought in to Papunya early in the 1960s. He was one of the original painting men with Geoffrey Bardon. He moved to Kintore in 1981 and was active in later establishing the settlement at Kiwirrkura, closer to his country. Payungka was an important law man, knowledgeable about many stories and rituals. According to Daphne Williams of Papunya Tula, a trip west from Alice Springs to Kintore with Timmy could take two or three times as long as a trip without him, so great was his enthusiasm for stopping along the way to tell his companions the stories of the land they passed through. He taught his daughter, Lorna Nap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banduk Marika
Banduk Mamburra Wananamba Marika (13 October 1954 – 12 July 2021), known after her death as Dr B Marika, was an artist, printmaker and environmental activist from Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, who was dedicated to the development, recognition and preservation of Indigenous Australian art and culture. She used her artwork to translate her ancestral stories through figures and motifs. She was one of the few Indigenous artists to specialise almost entirely in print making. She was the first Aboriginal person to serve on the National Gallery of Australia's board. Early life Marika was born on 13 October 1954 at Yirrkala, north-east Arnhem Land, a member of the Rirratjingu clan of the Yolngu people, whose traditional land is Yalangbara, Northern Territory, Yalangbara. Yalangbara is located south of Yirrkala in north-east Arnhem Land, and is considered by the Yolngu to be the original place of human creation. Her father, Mawalan Marika (1908–1967), was an artist a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Australian Art
Indigenous Australian art includes art made by Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders, including collaborations with others. It includes works in a wide range of media including painting on leaves, bark painting, wood carving, rock carving, watercolour painting, sculpting, Aboriginal ceremony, ceremonial clothing and sandpainting. The traditional visual symbols vary widely among the differing peoples' traditions, despite the common mistaken perception that dot painting is representative of all Aboriginal art. Traditional Aboriginal art There are many types of and methods used in making Aboriginal art, including rock painting, dot painting, rock engravings, bark painting, carvings, sculptures, weaving, and string art. Australian Aboriginal art is the oldest unbroken tradition of art in the world.Worms, Ernest ''Contemporary and prehistoric rock paintings in Central and Northern North Kimberley'' Anthropos Switzerland 1955 p. 555 Stone art Rock art, including paint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Intellectual Property
Indigenous intellectual property is a term used in national and international forums to describe intellectual property held to be collectively owned by various Indigenous peoples, and by extension, their legal rights to protect specific such property. This property includes Traditional knowledge, cultural knowledge of their groups and many aspects of their cultural heritage and knowledge, including that held in oral tradition, oral history. In Australia, the term Indigenous cultural and intellectual property, abbreviated as ICIP, is commonly used. There have been various efforts made since the late 20th century towards providing some kind of legal protection for indigenous intellectual property in colonized countries, including a number of declarations made by various conventions of Indigenous peoples. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) was created in 1970 to promote and protect intellectual property across the world by cooperating with countries as well as inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copyright In Australia
The copyright law of Australia defines the legally enforceable rights of creators of creative and artistic works under Australian law. The scope of copyright in Australia is defined in the ''Copyright Act 1968'' (as amended), which applies the national law throughout Australia. Designs may be covered by the ''Copyright Act'' (as sculptures or drawings) as well as by the '' Design Act''. Since 2007, performers have moral rights in recordings of their work. Until 2004, copyright in Australia was based on the plus 50 law, which restricts works until 50 years after the author's death. In 2004 this was changed to a plus 70 law in line with the US and European Union, but this change was not made retroactive (unlike the 1995 change in the European Union which brought some, e.g. British authors, back into copyright). The consequence is that the work of an Australian author who died before 1955 is normally in the public domain in Australia. However the copyright of authors was extended t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lawsuit
A lawsuit is a proceeding by one or more parties (the plaintiff or claimant) against one or more parties (the defendant) in a civil court of law. The archaic term "suit in law" is found in only a small number of laws still in effect today. The term "lawsuit" is used with respect to a civil action brought by a plaintiff (a party who claims to have incurred loss as a result of a defendant's actions) who requests a legal remedy or equitable remedy from a court. The defendant is required to respond to the plaintiff's complaint or else risk default judgment. If the plaintiff is successful, judgment is entered in favor of the plaintiff, and the court may impose the legal or equitable remedies available against the defendant (respondent). A variety of court orders may be issued in connection with or as part of the judgment to enforce a right, award damages or restitution, or impose a temporary or permanent injunction to prevent an act or compel an act. A declaratory judgmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpets Case
''Milpurrurru v Indofurn Pty Ltd '' (the Carpets Case) was one of three Federal Court of Australia judgments in the 1990s involving the use of copyright law in Australia relating to Indigenous cultural and intellectual property (ICIP), the others being ''Yumbulul v Reserve Bank of Australia'' (1991) and ''Bulun Bulun v R & T Textiles'' (1998), or "T-shirts case". The trial was the result of three Aboriginal artists and the estates of five others taking action against Perth import company Infordurn, for using their designs as a basis for carpets which were made in Vietnam and then imported into Australia. After a trial lasting two weeks, Justice Von Doussa awarded damages of in total, for breaches of the ''Copyright Act 1968'' and ''Trade Practices Act'', awarding punitive damages for cultural harm. Background In 1993, it was found that a number of designs by Aboriginal artists had been reproduced without permission on rugs made in Vietnam and marketed by the Perth-based ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Year For The World's Indigenous People
The United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII or PFII) is the UN's central coordinating body for matters relating to the concerns and rights of the world's indigenous peoples. There are more than 370 million indigenous people (also known as native, original, aboriginal and first peoples) in some 70 countries worldwide. The forum was created in 2000 as an outcome of the UN's International Year for the World's Indigenous People in 1993, within the first International Decade of the World's Indigenous People (1995–2004). It is an advisory body within the framework of the United Nations System that reports to the UN's Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). History Resolution 45/164 of the United Nations General Assembly was adopted on 18 December 1990, proclaiming that 1993 would be the International Year for the World's Indigenous People, "with a view to strengthening international cooperation for the solution of problems faced by indigenous communities in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
