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Gavroche
Gavroche () is a fictional character in the 1862 novel ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo. He is a boy who lives on the streets of Paris. His name has become a synonym for an urchin or Street children, street child. Gavroche plays a short yet significant role in the many Adaptations of Les Misérables, adaptations of ''Les Misérables'', sharing the Populism, populist ideology of the Friends of the ABC and joining the revolutionaries in the June Rebellion, June 1832 rebellion. He figures in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th parts of the novel. In the novel Gavroche is the eldest son of Thénardiers, Monsieur and Madame Thénardier. He has two older sisters, Éponine and Les Misérables#Minor, Azelma, and Les Misérables#Minor, two unnamed younger brothers. Hugo never provides his given name but says Gavroche has chosen his own name. His parents show him no affection and send him to live in the street, where he is better off than at home. The Thénardiers sell (or lend) their two youngest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Les Misérables
''Les Misérables'' (, ) is a 19th-century French literature, French Epic (genre), epic historical fiction, historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published on 31 March 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. ''Les Misérables'' has been popularized through Adaptations of Les Misérables, numerous adaptations for film, television, and the stage, including Les Misérables (musical), a musical. In the English-speaking world, the novel is usually referred to by its original French title. However, several alternatives have been used, including ''The Miserables'', ''The Wretched'', ''The Miserable Ones'', ''The Poor Ones'', ''The Wretched Poor'', ''The Victims'', and ''The Dispossessed''. Beginning in 1815 and culminating in the 1832 June Rebellion in Paris, the novel follows the lives and interactions of several characters, particularly the struggles of ex-convict Jean Valjean and his experience of redemption. Examining the nature of law and grace, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adaptations Of Les Misérables
Victor Hugo's novel ''Les Misérables'' has been the subject of many Adaptation (arts), adaptations in various media since its original publication in 1862. Books (adaptations and sequels) * 1872, ''Gavroche: The Gamin of Paris'', translated and adapted by M. C. Pyle. * 1922, The Story of "Les Misérables", adapted by Isabel C. Fortey. * 1935, ''Jean Val Jean'', a condensed retelling by Solomon Cleaver. * 1946, ''Les Misérables'', adapted by Mabel Dodge Holmes, edited by Grace A. Benscoter. * 1995, ''Cosette: The Sequel to Les Misérables'' by Laura Kalpakian, more a sequel to the musical than to Hugo's novel. * 1995, ''Les Misérables'', adapted by Monica Kulling for the Bullseye Step into Classics series. * 2000–2001, ''Pont au Change'', an independently published sequel in three parts (''Resurrections'', ''Sanctuary'' and ''Adrift'') by Arlene C. Harris * 2001, French author François Cérésa wrote two sequels, ''Cosette or the Time of Illusions'' and ''Marius or The Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Éponine
Éponine Thénardier (; ), also referred to as "Ponine", the "Jondrette girl" and the "young working-man", is a fictional character in the 1862 novel ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo. The character is introduced as a spoiled and pampered child, but appears later in the novel as a ragged and impoverished teenager who speaks in the argot of the Parisian streets, while retaining vestiges of her former charm and innocence. In the novel Life in Montfermeil Éponine is born in 1816, the oldest child of the Thénardiers. As children, Éponine and her younger sister Azelma are described as pretty, well-dressed, and charming. They are pampered and spoiled by their parents, the Thénardiers, who run an inn in Montfermeil, France. Three years later, when Fantine and her illegitimate daughter Cosette come across the inn, Fantine sees Éponine and Azelma playing outside. Cosette joins the two sisters and the three play together. Fantine asks the Thénardiers to take care of Cosette ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thénardiers
The Thénardiers, commonly known as (; ) and , are fictional characters, and the secondary antagonists in Victor Hugo's 1862 novel and in many adaptations of the novel into other media. They are unscrupulous working-class people who blame society for their sufferings. Early in the novel, they own an inn and cheat their customers. After they lose the inn in bankruptcy, they change their name to and live by begging and petty thievery. They serve, alongside Javert, as one of the two arch-nemeses of the story's protagonist, Jean Valjean. While Javert represents the justice system that would punish Valjean, the Thénardiers represent the lawless subculture of society that would exploit him. The novel portrays them as shameless and abusive figures; some adaptations transform them into buffoonish characters, though sometimes still criminals, to provide comic relief from the generally more serious tone of the story. In the novel Part One: Fantine When Hugo introduces the Thénardi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friends Of The ABC
The Friends of the ABC (), or simply the ABC, is a fictional association of revolutionary French republican students featured in the 1862 novel ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo. In French, the name of the society is a pun, in which '' abaissés'' () is pronounced , very similar to A-B-C (). Their members represent a wide variety of political viewpoints, ranging from communist agitation to advocacy for democracy to supporting the Levellers and more, but on 5 June 1832 they all join the popular insurrection known as the June Rebellion and organize the construction of a massive barricade. They are based on the real political group (). Hugo brings them into the narrative when Marius Pontmercy, one of the novel's principal characters, attaches himself to the group without becoming one of them. With their fight led by Enjolras, all of the members of the group die during the rebellion. Characters Jean Valjean and Gavroche both also fight with the student rebellion, with Valjean bare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Street Children
Street children are poor or homeless children who live on the streets of a city, town, or village. Homeless youth are often called street kids, or urchins; the definition of street children is contested, but many practitioners and policymakers use UNICEF's concept of boys and girls, aged under 18 years, for whom "the street" (including unoccupied dwellings and wasteland) has become home and/or their source of livelihood, and who are inadequately protected or supervised. Street girls are sometimes called gamines, a term that is also used for Colombian street children of either sex. Some street children, notably in more developed nations, are part of a subcategory called thrown-away children, consisting of children who have been forced to leave home. Thrown-away children are more likely to come from single-parent homes. Street children are often subject to abuse, neglect, exploitation, or, in extreme cases, murder by "clean-up squads" that have been hired by local businesses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patron-Minette
Patron-Minette was the name given to a street gang in Victor Hugo's 1862 novel ''Les Misérables'' and Les Misérables (musical), the musical of the same name. The gang consisted of four criminals: Montparnasse, Claquesous, Babet, and Gueulemer/Brujon. They were well acquainted with the Thénardiers, who recruited them to assist in robbing Jean Valjean. Hugo explains that the name "Patron-Minette" is an old-fashioned slang expression for the early dawn, "the hour at which their work ended, the dawn being the vanishing moment for phantoms and for the separation of ruffians". Character descriptions Montparnasse was, in the words of Hugo, "scarcely more than a child, a youth of under twenty with a pretty face, cherry-lips, glossy dark hair and the brightness of Springtime in his eyes. ... The gamin turned vagabond and the vagabond become an assassin ... A fashion plate living in squalor and committing murder." He is referred to as Thénardier's "unofficial son-in-law" after having ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enjolras
Enjolras () is a fictional character who acts as the charismatic leader of the Friends of the ABC in the 1862 novel ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo. In both the novel and the musical that it inspired, Enjolras is a revolutionary who fights for a France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ... with more free and equal rights for the poor, weak, sick, needy, disabled and oppressed masses, ultimately dying for his beliefs in the June Rebellion, June 1832 rebellion. Description Physical Enjolras is described as "a charming young man who was capable of being fearsome"Hugo, Victor. Les Misérables (English language) (p. 642). Everyman's Library. and as "Antinous wild". He is said to have the appearance of "long fair lashes, blue eyes, hair flying in the wind, rosy che ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Émile Bayard
Émile-Antoine Bayard (2 November 1837 – 6 December 1891) was a French illustrator born in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, Seine-et-Marne. A student of Léon Cogniet, he is known for illustrating Victor Hugo's 1862 novel ''Les Misérables''. Career Starting in 1853, Bayard was a student of Cogniet for five years, publishing his first cartoons at the age of fifteen, often using the anagrammatic pseudonym, Abel De Miray. Between 1857 and 1864, he worked in the mediums of charcoal drawings, paintings, watercolors, woodcuts, engravings, and lithographs. In 1864, he began to work primarily for magazines, and illustrated current events such as the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71. At the end of the 19th century, with a growing interest in photography displacing documentary drawing, Bayard moved to illustrating novels, including ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo, ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' by Harriet Beecher Stowe, ''L'Immortel'' by Alphonse Daudet, "Robinson Crusoé by Daniel De Foë, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
