|
Gaston Da Costa
Gaston Pierre Da Costa (15 December 1850 – 11 December 1909) was a French teacher, left-wing militant and communard. Biography Da Costa was born in Paris, the son of Eugène François Da Costa (1818–1888), teacher of mathematics, and his wife Adèle-Pauline (née Varenne). A follower of Auguste Blanqui while a student, in 1871, at the age of 20, Da Costa embraced the cause of the Paris Commune. He was deputy of the prosecutor Raoul Rigault, who was in charge of the police, and took part in the events in the capital until the fall of the insurgents. It was Da Costa, accompanied by Eugène Protot, who implemented the decision of the Committee of Public Safety to destroy the house of Adolphe Thiers. In the face of the hostility of the crowd and the reluctance of the workmen commandeered to undertake the demolition, he struck the first blows of the pickaxe on the building's chimneys, while Protot broke the windows on the veranda. It required the arrival of a company of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernest Granger
Ernest Granger (20 April 1844 – 21 May 1914) was a French politician, a veteran of the Paris Commune of 1871, a Blanquist socialist and subsequently a Boulangist nationalist. Early life: Blanquism under the Second Empire Ernest Henri Granger was born in Mortagne, into a lower-middle-class family of peasant stock. He was educated at the ''Lycée'' in Versailles and studied law before breaking off his studies to devote himself to political activism. In 1866 he was imprisoned for the first time for sedition. Around this time he became involved in the clandestine revolutionary societies organised by the followers of the incarcerated veteran insurrectionist Louis-Auguste Blanqui. Together with Gustave Tridon, Émile Eudes and others, Granger plotted the overthrow of the Second French Empire. On August 14, 1870, the Blanquists struck, attempting to seize a military arsenal and spark a general uprising; Granger was one of the organisers. The ''coup'' was premature, but not lon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communards
The Communards () were members and supporters of the short-lived 1871 Paris Commune formed in the wake of the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. After the suppression of the Commune by the French Army in May 1871, 43,000 Communards were taken prisoner, and 6,500 to 7,500 fled abroad.Milza, 2009a, pp. 431–432 The number of Communard soldiers killed in combat or executed afterwards during the week has long been disputed— Prosper-Olivier Lissagaray put the number at 20,000, while estimates by more recent historians put the probable number between 10,000 and 15,000. 7,500 were jailed or deported under arrangements which continued until a general amnesty during the 1880s; this action by Adolphe Thiers forestalled the proto-communist movement in the French Third Republic (1871–1940). Franco-Prussian War and the Paris Commune The working class of Paris were feeling ostracized after the decadence of the Second Empire and the Franco-Prussian War. The Prussians be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blanquists
Blanquism () refers to a conception of revolution generally attributed to Louis Auguste Blanqui (1805–1881) that holds that socialist revolution should be carried out by a relatively small group of highly organised and secretive conspirators. Having seized power, the revolutionaries would then use the power of the state to introduce socialism. It is considered a particular sort of "putschism"—that is, the view that political revolution should take the form of a or . Blanquism is distinguished from other socialist currents in various ways: on the one hand, Blanqui did not believe in the predominant role of the proletariat, nor did he believe in popular movements—instead he believed that revolution should be carried out by a small group of professional, dedicated revolutionaries, who would establish a temporary dictatorship by force. This dictatorship would permit the implementation of the basis of a new order, after which power would then be handed to the people. In another ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century French Educators
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems and confirm ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1909 Deaths
Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escapes death by fleeing across drift ice, ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * January 9 – The British Nimrod Expedition, ''Nimrod'' Expedition to the South Pole, led by Ernest Shackleton, arrives at the Farthest South, farthest south reached by any prior expedition, at 88°23' S, prior to turning back due to diminishing supplies. * January 11 – The International Joint Commission on US-Canada boundary waters is established. * January 16 – Members of the ''Nimrod'' Expedition claim to have found the magnetic South Pole (but the location recorded may be incorrect). * January 24 – The White Star Liner RMS Republic (1903), RMS ''Republic'' sinks the day after a collision with ''SS Florida'' off Nantucket. Almost all of the 1,500 passengers are rescued. * January 28 – The last United States t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1850 Births
Events January–March * January 29 – Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the United States Congress. * January 31 – The University of Rochester is founded in Rochester, New York. * January – Sacramento floods. * February 28 – The University of Utah opens in Salt Lake City. * March 5 – The Britannia Bridge opens over the Menai Strait in Wales. * March 7 – United States Senator Daniel Webster gives his "Seventh of March" speech, in which he endorses the Compromise of 1850, in order to prevent a possible civil war. * March 16 – Nathaniel Hawthorne's historical novel '' The Scarlet Letter'' is published in Boston, Massachusetts. * March 19 – American Express is founded by Henry Wells and William Fargo. * March 31 – The paddle steamer , bound from Cork to London, is wrecked in the English Channel with the loss of all 250 on board. April–June * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bois-le-Roi, Seine-et-Marne
Bois-le-Roi () is a Communes of France, commune in the Seine-et-Marne Departments of France, department in the Île-de-France Regions of France, region in north-central France. The commune is located to the west of the Seine and shares 2 bridges to the neighbouring Chartrettes. Tourism Many Parisians usually go to explore Bois-le-Roi during the holidays. Popular destinations include the Eglise Saint Pierre which is a small church, the Ô de Sermaize which is a Spa, wellness spa and the Île de Loisirs de Bois-le-Roi which is a beach on the Seine. Demographics The inhabitants are called ''Bacots''. Transportation Bois-le-Roi is served by the Bois-le-Roi station on the Transilien Paris-Lyon. See also *Communes of the Seine-et-Marne department References External links 1999 Land Use, from IAURIF (Institute for Urban Planning and Development of the Paris-Île-de-France région) * Communes of Seine-et-Marne {{Fontainebleau-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis De Rochefort-Luçay
Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay (; 30 January 183130 June 1913) was a French writer of ''vaudevilles'' and politician. He was born in Paris and died in Aix-les-Bains. Life His father was a Legitimists, Legitimist noble who, as Edmond Rochefort, was well known as a writer of ; his mother's views were republican. After experience as a medical student, a clerk at the Hôtel de Ville, Paris, ''Hôtel de Ville'' in Paris, a playwright and a journalist, he joined the staff of ''Le Figaro'' in 1863; but a series of his articles, afterwards published as ''Les Français de la décadence'' (3 vols., 1866–68), brought the paper into collision with the authorities and caused the termination of his engagement. In collaboration with different dramatists he had meanwhile written a long series of successful vaudevilles, which began with the ''Monsieur bien mis'' at the ''Théâtre des Folies-Dramatiques'' in 1856. On leaving ''Le Figaro'' Rochefort determined to start a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernest Roche
Ernest Jean Roche (19 October 1850 – 27 December 1917) was a French engraver and socialist politician. He was of working class origin, and became involved in trade union activity while young. He was a supporter of the revolutionary socialist Louis Auguste Blanqui. He was imprisoned for his role in a strike of coal miners in 1886. He was elected to the national legislature in 1889, holding office until 1906, and was reelected from 1910 to 1914. He always supported workers and people who were suppressed for their views or political activities. Later he moved towards antisemitism and a more nationalistic form of socialism. Early years Ernest Jean Roche was born on 19 October 1850 in Bordeaux. His father was a worker. Ernest Roche began work as an engraver in Bordeaux while very young, and soon became involved in trade union affairs. Socialist leader Roche was a committed supporter of Louis Auguste Blanqui. He was a member of the Blanquism, Blanquist Revolutionary Socialist Comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
