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Gar Trinring Tsendro
Gar Trinring Tsendro (; ? – 699), also known as Lon Trinling (), was a famous general of the Tibetan Empire. He was the second son of minister Gar Tongtsen Yülsung. In Chinese records, his name was given as Lùn Qīnlíng () or Qǐzhèng (). Career After his elder brother Tsenye Dompu succeeded the '' Lönchen'', he was sent to the newly conquered 'A-zha. In the spring of 670, Tibet attacked the remaining Chinese territories in the western Tarim Basin. The Chinese general Xue Rengui with 50 thousand soldiers returned to 'A-zha, and fought Trinring's 400 thousand soldiers by the Dafei River. The Tibetan Empire suffered huge loses as a result of this battle. Gar Tsenye Dompu came into conflict with another minister Gar Mangnyen Taktsab (), then, met on the battleground in 685. Tsenye died by a river in Sumpa. Obtaining this information, Trinring quickly put down the rebellion. Mangnyen Taktsab disappeared after this event, maybe was purged. Thrimalö, who was the ''de f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibetan Empire
The Tibetan Empire (, ; ) was an empire centered on the Tibetan Plateau, formed as a result of imperial expansion under the Yarlung dynasty heralded by its 33rd king, Songtsen Gampo, in the 7th century. The empire further expanded under the 38th king, Trisong Detsen. The 821–823 treaty concluded between the Tibetan Empire and the Tang dynasty delineated the former as being in possession of an area larger than the Tibetan Plateau, stretching east to Chang'an, west beyond modern Afghanistan, and south into modern India and the Bay of Bengal. The Yarlung dynasty was founded in 127 BC in the Yarlung Valley. The Yarlung capital was moved to Lhasa by the 33rd king Songsten Gampo, and into the Red Fort during the imperial period which continued to the 9th century. The beginning of the imperial period is marked in the reign of the 33rd king of the Yarlung dynasty, Songtsen Gampo. The power of Tibet's military empire gradually increased over a diverse terrain. During the reign of T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khri Ma Lod
Empress Khri ma lod (or Thrimalö) was an Empress regent of Tibet. She was Empress consort by marriage to emperor Mangsong Mangtsen. She was the ruler of the Tibetan empire twice: in 675-689 during the minority of her son emperor Tridu Songtsen, and in 704-712 during the minority of her grandson emperor Gyältsugru. Her title as regent was ''tsenmo'' (the female equivalent of ''tsenpo'', the Tibetan title most frequently translated as emperor). Life Khri ma lod was married to emperor Mangsong Mangtsen (''Trimang Löntsen or ''Khri-mang-slon-rtsan''). The emperor died in the winter of 676-677, and in the same year she gave birth to the emperor's son Tridu Songtsen (''Khri 'dus-srong btsan'' or ''Khri-'dus-srong-rtsan''). pp. 14, 48, 50. The Zhangzhung revolted early in her son's reign. She shared power with the Gar (''Mgar'') clan. When her son Tridu campaigned in the northeast 700-4 CE, she resumed her administrative regency at home. Khri ma lod's grandson Gyältsugru (''Rgyal- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khu Mangpoje Lhasung
Khu Mangpoje Lhasung (, ? – 705), also known as Khu Mangpoje, was a general of the Tibetan Empire. In Chinese records, his name was given as Qū Mǎngbùzhī (). After Tridu Songtsen purged Gar clan, he was sent to the east border to defense against Tang China. It proved that he was a general did not have military talents and was lack of experience in the later days. He invaded Liangzhou and put Changsong (昌松, in modern Wuwei) under siege in 700, in order to vanquish Tibetan troops led by the traitor Gar Tsenba, but was utterly beaten by Chinese general Tang Xiujing. He lost his two adjutants in this battle. Tridu Songtsen died in 704 in 'Jang (Nanzhao), and Nepal and Se rib revolted. Mongpoje was appointed as '' Lönchen'' to put down the rebellion, but he tried to overthrow the powerful empress regent Thrimalö. He was captured and executed, his position turned to another general named We Trisig Shangnyen We Trisig Shangnyen (, ? – 721), also known as Shang Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lönchen Of The Tibetan Empire
Tibetan Empire had nine high ministers in court. The highest one was '' gung lön chen po'' (, ''lön chen'' () for short), which could be translated into English as "Chief Minister" or "Prime minister". The first ''Lönchen'' was appointed during Detrul Namshungtsen's reign. It was abolished before the Era of Fragmentation. Here is a complete list of ''Lönchen'' according to ''The Old Tibetan Chronicle''P.T. 1287. See also *List of emperors of Tibet * Banchenpo (Chief Monk) *Sikyong *Kashag References *''The Old Tibetan Chronicle The ''Old Tibetan Chronicle'' is a collection of narrative accounts and songs relating to Tibet's Yarlung dynasty and the Tibetan Empire. The three manuscripts that comprise the only extant copies of the Chronicle are among the Dunhuang Manuscr ...'' *'' The Tibetan Annals'' {{Tibet topics G Great Ministers Government of the Tibetan Empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gar Tsenba
Gar Tsenba (, ? – ?), also known as Gar Trintsan Tsangtong (), was a general of the Tibetan Empire. He was the third son of minister Gar Tongtsen Yülsung. In Chinese records, his name was given as Lùn Zànpó () or Zànpó (). He was sent to '' 'A-zha'' to defend against Tang China after his father's death. In 681, he invaded Tang China in 681, but was defeated in Liangfeichuan (良非川) by Heukchi Sangji. His brother Gar Trinring Tsendro succeeded as the new Great Minister in 667, Tsenba was also appointed as one of high ministers. According to ''Old Tibetan Annals'', in 690, Tsenba corrected taxes in ''g.yo ru'' (a place in mordern Nêdong District, Shannan, Tibet) together with ''ba tsab rgyal tsan thong bo''. The Chinese troops led by Wang Xiaojie and Lou Shide invaded Tibet in 696, but was utterly beaten by Tsenba and his brother Gar Trinring. After this battle, Trinring owned very high reputation in Tibet. The young king, Tridu Songtsen, realised that members of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lun Gongren
Lun Gongren (, 663 – 723) was a general of China during Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty. Lun was a Tibetan, his Tibetan name was Gar Mangpoje (). After his father Gar Trinring Tsendro was purged by the young king Tridu Songtsen, he surrendered to China together with his uncle Gar Tsenba Gar Tsenba (, ? – ?), also known as Gar Trintsan Tsangtong (), was a general of the Tibetan Empire. He was the third son of minister Gar Tongtsen Yülsung. In Chinese records, his name was given as Lùn Zànpó () or Zànpó (). He was sent t .... Later, he served as a famous general of China. References''New Book of Tang'', vol. 123 663 births 723 deaths 7th-century Tibetan people People of the Tibetan Empire Tang dynasty generals at war against Tibet Tang dynasty nonimperial princes {{China-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tridu Songtsen
Tridu Songtsen (), Tridu Songtsen or Dusong Mangban, (b.668 – 704d.; r. 676–704 CE) was an emperor of the Tibetan Empire from 676 to 704. Ascent to throne 'Dus-rong ascended the Tibetan throne after the death of his father, Mangsong Mangtsen, in 676. The ''Old Book of Tang'' says that 'Dus-srong was eight years old in 679 — nine years old by Western reckoning. He was, therefore, presumably born in 670 and was six or seven years old when he began his reign. Due to his youth, he was enthroned with the minister Gar Tongtsen's second son, Khri 'bring, to act as regent.''Ancient Tibet: Research materials from the Yeshe De Project'', p. 233. 1986. Dharma Publishing, California. . Political and military activities In 676 the Tibetans made raids on Shanzhou, Guozhou, Hezhou (now Linxia), Diezhou, Migong and Danling in Gansu. The Chinese counterattacked, defeating the Tibetans at Longzhi. The Chinese army led by Li Jingxuan were soundly defeated near Qinghai Lake, however, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lönchen Of Tibetan Empire
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union club Other uses * Angle of list, the leaning to either port or starboard of a ship * List (information), an ordered collection of pieces of information ** List (abstract data type), a method to organize data in computer science * List on Sylt, previously called List, the northernmost village in Germany, on the island of Sylt * ''List'', an alternative term for ''roll'' in flight dynamics * To ''list'' a building, etc., in the UK it means to designate it a listed building that may not be altered without permission * Lists (jousting), the barriers used to designate the tournament area where medieval knights jousted * ''The Book of Lists'', an American series of books with unusual lists See also * The List (other) * Listing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Facto
''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with '' de jure'' ("by law"), which refers to things that happen according to official law, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. History In jurisprudence, it mainly means "practiced, but not necessarily defined by law" or "practiced or is valid, but not officially established". Basically, this expression is opposed to the concept of "de jure" (which means "as defined by law") when it comes to law, management or technology (such as standards) in the case of creation, development or application of "without" or "against" instructions, but in accordance with "with practice". When legal situations are discussed, "de jure" means "expressed by law", while "de facto" means action or what is practiced. Similar expressions: "essentially", "unofficial", " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumpa
The Sumpa () were a tribe living in northeastern Tibet from ancient times. Chinese historical sources refer to them as " Qiang", a term for people living in what is now Southwest China, and their actual ethnic identity is not known. Their territory was absorbed by the Tibetan Empire in the late 7th century, after which point they gradually lost their independent identity. The Sumpa identified as the people known to the Chinese as the Supi 蘇毗 or Sunpo 孫波. Origins and territory ...
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Gar Tongtsen Yulsung
Gar Tongtsen Yulsung (, 590-667) was a general of the Tibetan Empire who served as ''List of Lönchen of Tibetan Empire, Lönchen'' during the reign of Songtsen Gampo. In many Chinese records, his name was given as Lù Dōngzàn () or Lùn Dōngzàn (); both are attempts to transliterate the short form of his title and name, ''Lön Tongtsen''. Career Gar Tongtsen was born into the Gar clan, an important Tibetan family based in modern Maizhokunggar County. According to ''Clear Mirror on Royal Genealogy'', Tongtsen was dispatched as envoys to Licchavi (kingdom), Licchavi Kingdom (in modern Nepal) together with Thonmi Sambhota by the emperor Songtsen Gampo. Amshuverma, who was the ruler of Licchavi, married Bhrikuti, Princess Bhrikuti to Songtsen Gampo. But the historicity of the princess is not certain because no reference to her has been found among the documents discovered at Dunhuang. Tongtsen was dispatched to Tang China together with Dri Seru Gungton and Thonmi Sambhota in 640, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gar Mangnyen Taktsab
Gars are members of the family Lepisosteidae, which are the only surviving members of the Ginglymodi, an ancient holosteian group of ray-finned fish, which first appeared during the Triassic, over 240 million years ago. Gars comprise seven living species of fish in two genera that inhabit fresh, brackish, and occasionally marine waters of eastern North America, Central America and Cuba in the Caribbean, though extinct members of the family were more widespread. Gars have elongated bodies that are heavily armored with ganoid scales, and fronted by similarly elongated jaws filled with long, sharp teeth. Gars are sometimes referred to as "garpike", but are not closely related to pike, which are in the fish family Esocidae. All of the gars are relatively large fish, but the alligator gar (''Atractosteus spatula'') is the largest; the alligator gar often grows to a length over and a weight over , and specimens of up to in length have been reported. Unusually, their vascularised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
