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Gandhavariya
The Gandhavariya (also known as Gandhawariya and Gandhawaria) are a Rajput clan based in northern Bihar. In past they ruled over parts of Madhepura district and Saharsa district during medieval times after the decline of the Oiniwar Dynasty. Origin One of the theories put forward about the origins of the Gandhavariyas is that they originate from a branch of the Karnat dynasty of Mithila that remained in the region after the Karnat king, Harisimhadeva fled to Kathmandu following the invasion of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. History The writer Jyotirishwar Thakur recorded the existence of the ''Gandhavariyas Rajaputas'' in his 14th century book ''Varṇa Ratnākara'' and detailed how they held sway over much of North Bihar. The traditions of the Gandhavariyas record that prior to their ascendancy in the region, they were engaged in a war with the Bhar who the Gandhavariyas claim to have finished. The zamindari estate of Sonbarsa Raj was established by Raja Ranjit Singh who belonged to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonbarsa Raj
The Sonbarsa Raj was a medieval chieftaincy and later a zamindari (estate) during British Raj in modern-day Bihar, in erstwhile Bhagalpur district (now in Saharsa). It was controlled by the Gandhavariya Rajputs. The grants and sanad shows that Gandhavariyas were important Rajas under the Mughals in sarkar Tirhut. Beside Sonbarsa, the Gandhavarias landlords were found in Baruari, Parsarma, Barail, Sokhpur, Jadia, Basantpur, Durgapur, Sukhsena, Bhatattan, Panchgachhia etc. The Zamindari estate of Mangwar established by Babu Bhagwan Singh also belongs to the Gandhavaria clan, whose descendants Babu Sagar Prasad Singh lives there. History Sonbarsa Raj was founded by Raja Ranjit Singh in the present district of Saharsa. It became a powerful and large estate in the region. The Sonbarsa Raj family traces its origin from Raja Vikramaditya of Ujjain and belongs to the Agni branch of Kshatriya. The Sonbarsa raj originated in 1654, when the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb granted the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bihari Rajput
Rajputs in Bihar are members of the Rajput community living in the eastern Indian state of Bihar. They traditionally formed part of the feudal elite in Bihari society. Rajputs were pressed with the Zamindari abolition and Bhoodan movement in post-independence India; along with other Forward Castes, they lost their significant position in Bihar's agrarian society, leading to the rise of Other Backward Classes (OBCs). History From 1200 CE, many Rajput groups moved eastwards towards the Eastern Gangetic plains, forming their own chieftaincies. These minor Rajput kingdoms were scattered across the Gangetic plains of modern-day Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. During this process, petty clashes with Native populations occurred and in some cases, alliances were formed. Among these Rajput chieftaincies were the zamindars of Bhojpur and the taluks of Awadh. The immigration of Rajput clan chiefs into these parts of the Gangetic Plains also contributed to the agricultural appropriation of pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karnat Dynasty
The Karnats of Mithila or Karnata dynasty () was a dynasty established in 1097 CE by Nanyadeva. The dynasty controlled the areas we today know as Tirhut or Mithila in India and adjoining parts of South Eastern Nepal. The main power centre of the Karnats was the citadel of Simraungadh which was situated on the India - Nepal border. The city of Darbhanga also became the second capital during the reign of Gangadeva. According to French orientalist and indologist Sylvain Lévi, Nanyadeva established his supremacy over Simraungadh probably with the help of the Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI. After the reign of Vikramaditya VI in 1076 CE, he led a successful military campaign against the Pala Empire and the Sena dynasty. During the reign of Harisimhadeva, the Karnats also carried out raids into Nepal with the Karnat army under the leadership of the general and minister, Caṇḍeśvara Ṭhakkura. Under the Karnats, Mithila enjoyed almost full sovereignty from 1097 until 1324. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harisimhadeva
Harisimhadeva (also called Hari Singh Deva) was a King of the Karnat dynasty who ruled the Mithila (region), Mithila region of modern-day parts of North Bihar in India and South Nepal. He reigned from 1304 to 1325. He was the last king of the Karnata dynasty of Mithila. His minister of war and peace was Caṇḍeśvara Ṭhakkura who composed the famous treatise, the Rajanitiratnakara. His reign came to an end after an invasion by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq forced him to escape in search of sanctuary to the hills of Nepal. His descendants eventually became the founders of the Malla (Nepal), Malla dynasty of Kathmandu who were known for being patrons of the Maithili language. Rule The reign of Harisimhadeva was considered a landmark point in the history of Mithila with many events taking place during his four-decade rule. He introduced many social changes such as the four-class system for Maithil Brahmins and developed the Panjis, Panji system. The scholars that thronged his courts left a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rajput
Rājpūt (, from Sanskrit ''rājaputra'' meaning "son of a king"), also called Thākur (), is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The term ''Rajput'' covers various patrilineal clans historically associated with warriorhood: several clans claim Rajput status, although not all claims are universally accepted. According to modern scholars, almost all Rajput clans originated from peasant or pastoral communities. Over time, the Rajputs emerged as a social class comprising people from a variety of ethnic and geographical backgrounds. From the 12th to 16th centuries, the membership of this class became largely hereditary, although new claims to Rajput status continued to be made in later centuries. Several Rajput-ruled kingdoms played a significant role in many regions of central and northern India from the seventh century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varna Ratnakara
The ''Varna Ratnakara'', , (IAST: Varṇa Ratnākara), literally "Ocean of description", is the oldest prose work of Maithili language, written in 1324 CE by the Maithil scholar, priest and poet Jyotirishwar Thakur. The author was a part of the court of King Harisimhadeva ( r. 1304–1324) of the Karnat dynasty whose capitals were in both Simraungadh and Darbhanga. This work contains descriptions of various subjects and situations. This work provides valuable information about the life and culture of medieval India. The text is divided into seven ''Kallola''s (waves): , , , , , and . An incomplete list of 84 Siddhas is found in the text, which consists only 76 names. A manuscript of this text is preserved in the Asiatic Society, Kolkata The word Abahattha was used for the very first time in this encyclopedic work. Later the Maithili poet Vidyapati wrote his poem ''Kīrttilatā'' in Abahatta. Author was written by , also spelled Jyotirishwar Thakur. Thakur was born in a Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banaut
The Banaut (also known as Bandaut) is a Bundela / Banaphar Rajput clan found in the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand. Their loved ones called them banaut which means who meditate and save Ban (forest). They are said to have left Orchha, Jhansi, Mahoba and other parts of Bundelkhand during Mughal period and migrated to Bihar and Jharkhand. Origin and History Banaut originated from Bundelkhand, but later came to parts of Bihar and Jharkhand. As they were from land owning community, they became wealthy zamindars with time and also had strong political positions. Deities Banaut have their particular village deities such as Kali, Maa Kali, Hanuman, HanumanJi, Rama, Ram-Sita, Janaki and Radha Krishna, Radhakrishna. Subclans The Gotras of Banaut Rajputs are Bhardwaj, Dhenu, Vaksh, Kashyap, Kaushik, Garg, Shandilya, Sandilya and Vishwamitra. Notables of Bundela Rajput clan # Chhatrasal, Chhatrasaal Bundela # Rudra Pratap Singh # Alha, Alha Singh # Udal of Mahoba, Udal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zamindar
A zamindar in the Indian subcontinent was an autonomous or semi-autonomous feudal lord of a ''zamindari'' (feudal estate). The term itself came into use during the Mughal Empire, when Persian was the official language; ''zamindar'' is the Persian for ''landowner''. During the British Raj, the British began using it as a local synonym for "estate". Zamindars as a class were equivalent to lords and barons; in some cases, they were independent sovereign princes. Similarly, their holdings were typically hereditary and came with the right to collect taxes on behalf of imperial courts or for military purposes. During the Mughal Empire, as well as the British rule, zamindars were the land-owning nobility of the Indian subcontinent and formed the ruling class. Emperor Akbar granted them mansabs and their ancestral domains were treated as jagirs. Most of the big zamindars belonged to the Hindu high-caste, usually Brahmin, Rajput, Bhumihar, or Kayastha. During the colonial era, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhar
Bhar is a Caste system in India, caste or community in India. History Influenced by the Arya Samaj movement, as were members of other castes, Baijnath Prasad Adhyapak published ''Rajbhar Jati ka Itihas'' in 1940. This book attempted to prove that the Rajbhar were formerly rulers who were related to the ancient Bhar tribe. Present Community that is related to the Bhar by occupation in Uttar Pradesh is Rajbhar. It falls under other backward classes in Uttar Pradesh. There were proposals in 2013 that some or all of these communities in the state should be reclassified as Scheduled Castes under India's Reservation in India, system of positive discrimination; this would have involved declassifying them from the Other Backwards Class (OBC) category. Whether or not this would happen was a significant issue in the campaign for the 2014 Indian general election. They are among 17 OBC communities that were again proposed for Scheduled Caste status by the Samajwadi Party-controlled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (), or Ghazi Malik (; died 1 February 1325) was the Sultan of Delhi from 1320 to 1325. He was the first sultan of the Tughluq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. During his reign, Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq founded the city of Tughlaqabad Fort, Tughluqabad. His reign ending upon his death in 1325 when a pavilion built in his honour collapsed. The 14th century historian Ibn Battuta claimed that the death of the sultan was the result of a conspiracy against him. Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq was succeeded by his eldest son, Muhammad bin Tughluq.Tughlaq Shahi Kings of Delhi: Chart The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 2, ''p. 369.'' Early life There are numerous views on the ancestry of Tughluq. Ranging from Turko-Mongol, to Turkic peoples, ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jyotirishwar Thakur
Jyotirishwar Thakur or (1260–1340) was a Maithili poet, playwright, musician and an early Maithili and Sanskrit writer, known for the '' Varṇa Ratnākara'', his encyclopedic work in Maithili. Life Jyotirishwar was son of Rāmeśvara and grandson of Dhīreśvara. He was the court poet of King Harisimhadeva of the Karnat dynasty of Mithila (r. 1300–1324). Major works His most significant work in Maithili, the '' Varṇa Ratnākara'' (1324) is an encyclopedic work in prose. This work contains descriptions of various subjects and situations. This work provides valuable information about the life and culture of medieval India. The text is divided into seven ''Kallola''s (waves): , , , , , and . An incomplete list of 84 Siddhas is found in the text, which consists only 76 names. A manuscript of this text is preserved in the Asiatic Society, Kolkata (ms. no 4834 of Asiatic Society of Bengal). His major Sanskrit play, the ' (The Meeting of the Knaves) (1320) is a two act ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bihar
Bihar ( ) is a states and union territories of India, state in Eastern India. It is the list of states and union territories of India by population, second largest state by population, the List of states and union territories of India by area, 12th largest by area, and the List of Indian states and union territories by GDP, 14th largest by GDP in 2024. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, and Jharkhand to the south. Bihar is split by the river Ganges, which flows from west to east. On 15 November 2000, a large chunk of southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand. Around 11.27% of Bihar's population live in urban areas as per a 2020 report. Additionally, almost 58% of Bihari people, Biharis are below the age of 25, giving Bihar the highest proportion of young people of any Indian state. The official language is Hindi, which shares official status alongside that of Urdu. The main native languag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
