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Galeria Fundana
Galeria Fundana ( – aft. 69) was a Roman empress and the second wife of Roman emperor Vitellius. Biography Early life Suetonius tells us that Galeria was the daughter of an ex-praetor and bore two children during her marriage: a son and a daughter. Gwyn Morgan assumes she was related to Publius Galerius Trachalus, "Otho's alleged speechwriter". Empress Tacitus, who writes unfavourably about Vitellius, claims that Galeria was a woman of "exemplary virtue" who "took no part in itellius'shorrors." Tacitus specifically notes she protected Galerius Trachalus from her husband when he purged the supporters of his defeated rival Otho. Later life Her son Vitellius, renamed Germanicus by his father in 69, was killed after supporters of Vespasian took control of Rome, together with Vitellius himself. Galeria's life was spared and she was allowed to bury her husband. Her daughter Vitellia married twice: Decimus Valerius Asiaticus was her first husband, and after his death in 69 AD sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Promptuarium Iconum Insigniorum
() is a compilation of woodcut portraits published in 1553 by Guillaume Rouillé, a French merchant-publisher active in the early modern book trade of Lyon. Originally released in Latin, French, and Italian editions, the book presents portraits in a medallion format, arranged mostly in chronological order. It spans figures from the Old Testament and Greco-Roman mythology to notable individuals of the mid-16th century. Many of these portraits are imaginative rather than historically accurate, shaped by Rouillé's interpretations of physiognomy and the engraver's artistic discretion. Though the engraver remains unidentified in the text, 19th-century bibliographer Henri-Louis Baudrier attributed the work to . The book is divided into two sections: ('First Part'), covering figures predating Christ, and ('Second Part'), documenting individuals from the Christian era onward. Published as a single volume, these sections maintain separate pagination systems. The first editions each co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vespasian
Vespasian (; ; 17 November AD 9 – 23 June 79) was Roman emperor from 69 to 79. The last emperor to reign in the Year of the Four Emperors, he founded the Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Empire for 27 years. His fiscal reforms and consolidation of the empire brought political stability and a vast building program. Vespasian was the first emperor from an Equestrian (Roman), equestrian family who rose only later in his lifetime into the Roman Senate, senatorial rank as the first of his family to do so. He rose to prominence through military achievement: he served as legatus, legate of Legio II Augusta during the Roman invasion of Britain in 43, and later led the suppression of the First Jewish–Roman War, Jewish rebellion of 66–70. While he was engaged in the campaign in Judaea (Roman province), Judaea, Emperor Nero died by suicide in June 68, plunging Rome into a year of civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors. After Galba and Otho perished in quick succession, V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
40s Births
4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is a square number, the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. Evolution of the Hindu-Arabic digit Brahmic numerals represented 1, 2, and 3 with as many lines. 4 was simplified by joining its four lines into a cross that looks like the modern plus sign. The Shunga would add a horizontal line on top of the digit, and the Kshatrapa and Pallava evolved the digit to a point where the speed of writing was a secondary concern. The Arabs' 4 still had the early concept of the cross, but for the sake of efficiency, was made in one stroke by connecting the "western" end to the "northern" end; the "eastern" end was finished off with a curve. The Europeans dropped the finishing curve and gradually made the digit less cursive, ending up with a digit very close to the original Brahmin cross. While the shape of the character fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nerva–Antonine Dynasty
The Nerva–Antonine dynasty comprised seven Roman emperors who ruled from AD 96 to 192: Nerva (96–98), Trajan (98–117), Hadrian (117–138), Antoninus Pius (138–161), Marcus Aurelius (161–180), Lucius Verus (161–169), and Commodus (177–192). The first five of these are commonly known as the "Five Good Emperors". The first five of the six successions within this dynasty were notable in that the reigning emperor did not have a male heir, and had to adopt the candidate of his choice to be his successor. Under Roman law, an adoption established a bond legally as strong as that of kinship. Because of this, all but the first and last of the Nerva–Antonine emperors are called Adoptive Emperors. The importance of official adoption in Roman society has often been considered a conscious repudiation of the principle of dynastic inheritance and has been deemed one of the factors of the period's prosperity. However, this was not a new practice. It was common for pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rupilia Faustina
Marcus Annius Verus ( 50 – 138 AD) was the paternal grandfather and adoptive father of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, and father-in-law of the emperor Antoninus Pius. Biography Verus was the son of an elder Marcus Annius Verus, who gained the rank of senator and praetor. The Annia gens was ancient. Its first known member is mentioned by Livy as praetor of Setia, in central Italy, for the year 340 BC; the branch of the Annii Veri settled in the colony of Ucubi (modern Espejo) near Corduba (modern Córdoba) in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica. The family came to prominence and became wealthy through olive oil production in Spain. He was close friends with the emperor Hadrian. He was urban prefect of Rome and was enrolled as a patrician when Vespasian and Titus were censors. Verus was three times consul, the first time as a suffect in 97, then as ordinary consul in both 121 and 126. This is apparently the cause for a "very strange inscription, found on a large marble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libo Rupilius Frugi
Libo Rupilius Frugi (died 101) was a Roman senator and an ancestor of the emperor Marcus Aurelius. He served as suffect consul in 88. Life His full name may have been Lucius Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi. He was one of the sons and among the children born to Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi (consul 64) with his wife Sulpicia Praetextata, daughter of the suffect consul in 46, Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Peticus and a grandson of Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi, who had been consul in 27 and Scribonia. His brother Gaius Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi LicinianusVasily Rudich, ''Political Dissidence Under Nero: The Price of Dissimulation'', Routledge had been a consul in 87. The father of Frugi was executed by the emperor Nero between 66 and 68, because of information brought against him by Marcus Aquilius Regulus.J. Shelton, ''The Women of Pliny's Letters'', p. 153. Routledge, 2013 After the death of his father, his mother took him with his siblings, to a Senate meeting in 70 early in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Settipani
Christian Settipani (born 31 January 1961) is a French genealogist, historian and IT professional, currently working as the Technical Director of a company in Paris. Biography Settipani holds a Master of Advanced Studies from the Paris-Sorbonne University (1997), received a doctorate in history in December 2013 from the University of Lorraine with a dissertation titled ''Les prétentions généalogiques à Athènes sous l'empire romain'' ("Genealogical claims in Athens under the Roman Empire") and obtained in June 2019 from the Sorbonne university an habilitation (highest qualification level issued through university process) for a dissertation titled "Liens dynastiques entre Byzance et l'étranger à l'époque des Comnène et des Paléologue" (dynastic links between Byzantium and foreign countries under the Komnenos and Paleologos"). He collaborates with the U.M.R 8167 "Orient et Mediterranée - le monde byzantin" laboratory from the French Centre National de la Recherche Sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Xiphilinus (historian)
John Xiphilinus or Joannes Xiphilinos (), epitomator of Dio Cassius, lived at Constantinople during the latter half of the 11th century AD. He was a monk and a member of the Xiphilinus family, a nephew of Patriarch John VIII of Constantinople, a well-known preacher (Migne, '' Patrologia Graeca'', cxx.). The epitome of Dio was prepared by order of Michael Parapinaces (1071–1078), but is incomplete. It comprises books 36–80, the period included being from the times of Pompey and Caesar down to Alexander Severus. In book 70 the reign of Antoninus Pius and the early years of Marcus Aurelius appear to have been missing in his copy, while in books 78 and 79 a mutilated original must have been used. Xiphilinus divided the work into sections, each containing the life of an emperor. He omitted the names of the consuls and sometimes altered or emended the original. The epitome is valuable as preserving the chief incidents of the period for which the authority of Dio is wanting. Refere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decimus Valerius Asiaticus (Legatus Of Gallia Belgica)
Decimus Valerius Asiaticus (35after 69 AD) was a Roman senator who served as the governor of Gallia Belgica.Bowman, ''The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 10'', p. 273 Family background and early life Asiaticus was of praetorian rank. He was the son of the Roman Senator, consul Decimus Valerius Asiaticus and Lollia Saturnina, although it has been argued that she was his wife rather than mother. There is a possibility he may have had siblings. He and his family had their origins in Vienna,Morgan, ''69 AD: The Year of Four Emperors'', p. 149 Gallia Narbonensis. The father of Asiaticus was of Allobrogian origin and his political career was a contemporary of the rule of the Roman emperors Tiberius, Caligula and Claudius. His father was a respected,Alston, ''Aspects of Roman History AD 14-117'', p. 92 wealthy, and prominent Roman Senator. The elder Asiaticus in 35 served as a suffect consul and again in 46, served as an ordinary consul.P.J. Sijpesteijn"Another οὑσἱᾳ of D.V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Histories (Tacitus)
''Histories'' () is a Roman historical chronicle by Tacitus. Written , its complete form covered , a period which includes the Year of Four Emperors following the downfall of Nero, as well as the period between the rise of the Flavian dynasty under Vespasian and the death of Domitian. However, the surviving portion of the work only reaches the year 70 and the very beginning of the reign of Vespasian. Together, the ''Histories'' and the '' Annals'' amounted to 30 books. Saint Jerome refers to these books explicitly, and about half of them have survived. Although scholars disagree on how to assign the books to each work, traditionally, fourteen are assigned to ''Histories'' and sixteen to the ''Annals''. Tacitus' friend Pliny the Younger referred to "your histories" when writing to Tacitus about the earlier work. By the time Tacitus had completed the ''Histories'', it covered Roman history from AD 69, following Nero's death, to AD 96, the end of Domitian's reign. The ''Anna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Empresses
The term Roman empress usually refers to the consorts of the Roman emperors, the rulers of the Roman Empire. The duties, power and influence of empresses varied depending on the time period, contemporary politics and the personalities of their husband and themselves. Empresses were typically highly regarded and respected, and many wielded great influence over imperial affairs. Several empresses served as Regent, regents on behalf of their husbands or sons and a handful ruled as empresses regnant, governing in their own right without a husband. Given that there were sometimes more than one concurrent Roman emperor, there were also sometimes two or more concurrent Roman empresses. For most of the period from 286 to 480, the Roman Empire, though remaining a single polity, was administratively divided into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. Through most of this period, the separated imperial courts had their own lines of succession, and as a result their own sequen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
