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Gaarriye
Mohamed Hashi Dhamac (, 1949 – 30 September 2012) better known as Gaarriye, was a Somali poet and political activist. He belonged to the Makahiil sub-division of Sa'ad Musa sub-clan of the Habr Awal Isaaq clan. Biography Gaariye was born in Hargeisa in 1949 in former British Somaliland. He finished his elementary and secondary studies in Hargeisa in the early 1970s. and for University studies he enrolled in the Somali National University College in Afgooye and took the degree in bachelor of science in 1974. Known as a sharp critic, he would start the famous ''Deelley'' poetic chain in response to repression in Somalia under Siad Barre's rule. Other famous poets such as Hadrawi would contribute to ''Deelley''. He was a member of the Somali National Movement and following the Somali Civil War he composed one of the best known Somali poems on the theme of reconciliation, "Hagarlaawe" (The Charitable) which is translated into English by Martin Orwin. In the 1970s Gaariye indep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Orwin
Martin Orwin (born 1963) is a British linguist, scholar and writer, specializing in the languages and cultures of the Horn of Africa. Biography Orwin studied Arabic and Amharic and has a PhD in the phonology of the Somali language. Since 1992, he has been a lecturer in Somali and Amharic at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London, England, where he teaches both Afro-Asiatic languages. Since 2020, he also teaches both Somali language and Somali literature at the Università degli Studi di Napoli "L'Orientale" (Naples, Italy). He has also published articles on Somali language and poetry and has conducted field research in the Horn of Africa. Orwin's ongoing research interests include language use in poetry, particularly in the metrics of Somali verse. In addition, he has translated a number of Somali poems, two of which were published in the ''Modern Poetry in Translation (No.17 Mother Tongues Special Edition 2001)'' compendium. Orwin has worked closely wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaaq
The Isaaq (, , ''Banu Ishaq'') is a major Somali clans, Somali clan. It is one of the largest Somali clan families in the Horn of Africa, with a large and densely populated traditional territory. The Isaaq people claim in a traditional legend to have descended from Ishaaq bin Ahmed, Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed, an Ulama, Islamic scholar who purportedly traveled to Somaliland in the 12th or 13th century and married two women; one from the local Dir (clan), Dir clan.I.M. Lewis, ''A Modern History of the Somali'', fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 22–23. He is said to have sired eight sons who are the common ancestors of the clans of the Isaaq clan-family. He remained in Maydh until his death. Overview Somali genealogical tradition places the origin of the Isaaq tribe in the 12th or 13th century with the arrival of the Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed, Ishaaq Bin Ahmed (Sheikh Ishaaq) from Arabian Peninsula, Arabia. Sheikh Ishaaq settled in the coastal town of Maydh in mode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habr Awal
The Habr Awal, alternately known as the Zubeyr Awal (, , Full Name: '' Abd al-Raḥmān ibn ash-Ishaaq bin Ahmed, Shaykh Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad)'' is one of the largest subclans of the wider Isaaq clan family, and is further divided into eight sub-clans of whom the two largest and most prominent are the Issa Musa and Sa'ad Musa sub-clans. Its members form a part of the Habar Magadle confederation. The Habr Awal traditionally consists of Nomadic pastoralism, nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers. They are historically viewed as an affluent clan in the horn Africa that played a huge part for Somaliland's independence. The Habar Awal are politically and economically influential in present-day Somaliland as well as the Horn of Africa at large, and they reside in strategic coastal and fertile lands. Distribution The Habr Awal clan make up the majority in Maroodi Jeex region which is considered the most populous region in Somaliland and the second most populat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sa'ad Musa
The Sa'ad Musa or Saad Musa (, , Full Name:'' Saad ibn Musa ibn Zubayr ibn Abd al-Raḥmān ibn ash- Shaykh Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad'') is a northern Somali clan. Its members form a part of the Habr Awal sub-clan of the Isaaq clan family. The Sa'ad Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers. The clan inhabits Somaliland, including Maroodi Jeex, Awdal and Sahil as well as Djibouti, the Somali Region of Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. Distribution The Sa'ad Musa clan make up a significant percentage of the population in Maroodi Jeex region, which is considered the most populous region in Somaliland, forming a sizeable majority of the population in the national capital Hargeisa as well as exclusively dominating the agricultural towns and settlements of Gabiley, Wajaale, Arabsiyo, /nowiki> Primary schools * Number of Pr ..., Kalabaydh">/nowiki> Primary schools * Number of Pr ..., Kalabaydh, Agabar, El Bardale">Kalabaydh, Agabar">Kalaba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hargeisa
Hargeisa ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Somaliland, a ''List of states with limited recognition, de facto'' sovereign state in the Horn of Africa, still considered internationally to be part of Somalia. It is also the regional capital of the Maroodi Jeex region of Somaliland. Hargeisa was founded as a watering and trading stop between the coast and the interior by the Isaaq Sultanate. Initially it served as a watering well for the vast livestock of the Isaaq clan that inhabited that specific region and later were joined by other Isaaq clans that currently inhabit Hargeisa. In 1960, the Somaliland Protectorate gained independence from the United Kingdom and as scheduled united days later with the Trust Territory of Somaliland (former Italian Somaliland) to form the Somali Republic on 1 July.Encyclopædia Britannica, ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica'', (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835 Up to 90% of the city was destroyed during the Isaaq genoci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somali National Movement
The Somali National Movement (, ) was one of the first and most important Guerrilla warfare, organized guerilla groups and Mujahideen groups that opposed the Siad Barre regime in the 1980s to the 1990s, as well as being the main anti-government faction during the Somaliland War of Independence. The organisation was founded in London, England, on April 6, 1981 by Hassan Isse Jama, Hassan Adan Wadadid, and Ahmed Mohamed Gulaid and other former Somali diplomats, who stated that initially the group's purpose was to overthrow the Siad Barre regime.Helen Chapin Metz, ed., ''Somalia: a country study'', Volume 550, Issues 86-993, (The Division: 1993), p.xxviii. In May 1991, the organisation declared an independent Republic of Somaliland in the region that had constituted British Somaliland before independence and unification with the former colony of Italian Somaliland in 1960 after the Somaliland War of Independence. Formation Saudi Arabia In 1977, a group of Somali expats in Saudi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somali Civil War
The Somali Civil War (; ) is an List of ongoing armed conflicts, ongoing civil war that is taking place in Somalia. It grew out of resistance to the military junta which was led by Siad Barre during the 1980s. From 1988 to 1990, the Somali Armed Forces began engaging in combat against various armed rebel groups,Ken Menkhaus,Local Security Systems in Somali East Africa' in Andersen/Moller/Stepputat (eds.), Fragile States and Insecure People,' Palgrave, 2007, 73. including the Somali Salvation Democratic Front in the northeast, the Somali National Movement in the Somaliland War of Independence in the northwest, and the United Somali Congress in the south. The clan-based armed opposition groups Somali Rebellion, overthrew the Somali Democratic Republic, Barre government in 1991. Various armed factions began competing for influence in the power vacuum and turmoil that followed, particularly in the south. In 1990–92, customary law temporarily collapsed, and factional fighting proli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdillahi Diiriye Guled
Abdillahi Diiriye Guled also known as Arale/Caraale ({{langx, so, Cabdillaahi Diiriye Guuleed Warsame Guutaale) is a Somali literary scholar, Prosodist and is credited with the discovery of the Somali Scansion system. Biography and career Arale is the son of Aw Diiriye Guled Warsame Guutaale, a famed poet who participated in the ''Silsilada Xaydha'' serial poems and who founded the town of Gashamo. Arale studied and majored in English at the Somali National University. While working as an English teacher, in his free time he studied Somali scansion. He also contributed to the Somali curriculum by writing the first Somali textbooks for the first generation of primary and secondary students that were to be taught in Somali, as opposed to English or Arabic. In 1978, he became a lecturer in the Somali department of language and literature of the Somali National university. Somali scansion discovery Arale discovered that the classical Somali genres of Geerar, Gabay, Jiifto and Hee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadraawi
Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame (1943 – 18 August 2022), known by the pseudonym Hadrawi, was a Somali poet, philosopher and songwriter. Having written many notable protest works, Hadrawi has been likened by some to Shakespeare, and his poetry has been translated into various languages. He is the older brother of Hurre Walanwal, another Somali poet and songwriter. Biography Hadrawi was born in Balli-Alanle near Qorilugud, situated in the Togdheer region of Somaliland, then part of British Somaliland. Hadrawi hails from the Ahmed Farah sub-division of the Habr Je'lo Isaaq. His family consisted of one girl and eight boys. In 1953, at the age of nine, he went to live with an uncle in the Yemeni port city of Aden. There Warsame began attending a local school, where he received the nickname "Hadrawi" (''Abu Hadra''), a pseudonym by which he is now popularly known. In 1963, he became a primary school teacher. Return to The Somali Republic After British Somaliland gained independence on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siad Barre
Mohammed Siad Barre (, Osmanya script: , ''Muhammad Ziād Barīy''; 6 October 1919 – 2 January 1995) was a Somali military officer, politician, and revolutionary who served as the third president of Somalia from 21 October 1969 to 26 January 1991. Barre, the commander of the Somali National Army, became president of Somalia after the 1969 Somali coup d'état, 1969 coup d'état that overthrew the Somali Republic following the assassination of President Abdirashid Shermarke. The Supreme Revolutionary Council (Somalia), Supreme Revolutionary Council military junta under Barre reconstituted Somalia as a one-party Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist communist state, renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic and adopted scientific socialism. Barre spoke three languages, English language, English, Somali language, Somali and Italian language, Italian. Barre's early rule was characterised by attempts at widespread modernization, nationalization of banks and industry, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elmi Boodhari
Elmi Boodhari (, ) (1908 – 1941) was a Somali poet and pioneer in the genre of Somali love poems. He is known among Somalis as the ''King of Romance'' (Boqorkii Jacaylka). He was born near the border between Ethiopia and Somaliland in 1908 and hailed from the Eidagale sub-clan. Poetry He is known in the Somali world for his love poems that he wrote to a girl named Hodan Abdulle that he fell in love and met in Berbera. Boderi was working at a bakery shop in the port city of Berbera when he fell in love with Hodan Abdi. Bodari began to write her romantic poems, and in one of his poems he spoke of once seeing Hodan’s naked body, which was considered a serious offense in those times given and still is, in addition to several other elements that stood in the face of him marrying her. Hodan got married and it is said that he died from the resulting heartbreak. Elmi Boodhari differed from the poets of his generation in that he eschewed the popular theme of Tribal war and vengean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdillahi Suldaan Mohammed Timacade
Abdillahi Suldaan Mohammed (, ), known as Timacade, was a Somali poet. He was one of the most prominent bards of his day. Biography Timacade was born in 1920 in the small town of Galooley, situated near Gabiley in British Somaliland, now (Somaliland). He hailed from the Jibril Abokor, a Sa'ad Musa sub-division of the Habr Awal Isaaq clan that inhabits small are of the Gabiley region. In Galooley, Abdillahi Suldaan attended the local Qur’anic school. In his early teens he started composing and reciting poetry (initially, he could neither read nor write). His father and mother died when Abdillahi was very young. In 1936, Abdillahi Suldaan migrated to Harar, where he worked in a restaurant owned by one of his uncles. After having spent some time in Ethiopia and Djibouti in the 1940s and 1950s, he returned to Gabiley and took part in the independence movements against the then ruling British administration of the former British Somaliland protectorate. Timacade was famous for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
