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GND may refer to: * Graduated neutral density filter * Green New Deal * Ground (electricity) * (Integrated Authority File) * Maurice Bishop International Airport in Grenada * Zulgo-Gemzek language, spoken in Cameroon * Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois, a politician in Quebec * Geometrically necessary dislocations Geometrically necessary dislocations are like-signed dislocations needed to accommodate for plastic bending in a crystalline material. They are present when a material's plastic deformation is accompanied by internal plastic strain gradients. They ...
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Graduated Neutral Density Filter
A graduated neutral-density filter, also known as a graduated ND filter, split neutral-density filter, or just a graduated filter, is an optical filter that has a variable light transmission. Typically half of the filter is of neutral density which transitions, either abruptly or gradually, into the other half which is clear. It is used to bring an overly-bright part of a scene into the dynamic range of film or sensor. For example, it can be used to darken a bright sky so that both the sky and subject can be properly exposed. ND filters can come in a variety of shapes and sizes and densities and can be used in all types of photographic applications from still photography, motion photography and scientific applications. Center-spot filters are ND graduated filters that are slightly opaque in the center and are clear at edges. These are used for special effects or to compensate for light falloff that is natural with large optics. History Graduated filters were used in the early ...
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Green New Deal
The Green New Deal (GND) calls for public policy to address climate change, along with achieving other social aims like job creation, economic growth, and reducing economic inequality. The name refers to the New Deal, a set of changes and public works projects undertaken by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933–1935 in response to the Great Depression in the United States. The Green New Deal combines Roosevelt's economic approach with modern ideas such as renewable energy and resource efficiency. Since the early 2000s, especially since 2018, proposals for a "Green New Deal" have arisen in Europe, the United States, and other parts of the world. By the 2009 European Parliament election, the European Green Party's manifesto was titled A Green New Deal for Europe and called for: a Europe of solidarity that can guarantee its citizens a good quality of life based on economic, social, and environmental sustainability; a truly democratic Europe that acts for its citizens a ...
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Ground (electricity)
In electrical engineering, ground or earth may be a reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured, a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth. Electrical circuits may be connected to ground for several reasons. Exposed conductive parts of electrical equipment are connected to ground to protect users from electrical shock hazards. If internal insulation fails, dangerous voltages may appear on the exposed conductive parts. Connecting exposed conductive parts to a "ground" wire which provides a low-impedance path for current to flow back to the incoming neutral (which is also connected to ground, close to the point of entry) will allow circuit breakers (or RCDs) to interrupt power supply in the event of a fault. In electric power distribution systems, a protective earth (PE) conductor is an essential part of the safety provided by the earthing system. Connection to ground also limits the build-up of static ...
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Gemeinsame Normdatei
The (translated as ''Integrated Authority File'') or GND is an international authority file for the organisation of personal names, subject headings and corporate bodies from catalogues. It is used mainly for documentation in libraries and increasingly also by archives and museums. The GND is managed by the German National Library (; DNB) in cooperation with various regional library networks in German-speaking Europe and other partners. The GND falls under the Creative Commons Zero (CC0) licence. The GND specification provides a hierarchy of high-level entities and sub-classes, useful in library classification, and an approach to unambiguous identification of single elements. It also comprises an ontology intended for knowledge representation in the semantic web, available in the RDF format. The GND became operational in April 2012 and integrates the content of the following authority files, which have since been discontinued: * (PND) (Translation: Name Authority File) * ...
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Maurice Bishop International Airport
Maurice Bishop International Airport , formerly known as Point Salines Airport, is an international airport located in the parish of St. George's. The town of St. George's is about north of the airport and is the capital of the island nation of Grenada. The airport is located on Point Salines, the most southwestern point of the island. It is named after former Prime Minister Maurice Bishop (1944–1983), who championed the construction project in 1979. History The building of the airport — designed to replace the obsolete Pearls Airport on the north side of the island — was cited by U.S. President Ronald Reagan as evidence that the Grenadian government intended to allow it to be used as a way point for Soviet military aircraft en route to Cuba. He buttressed this claim with the evidence that it was being built, in part, by Cuban workers. Bishop and his government contended that the Point Salines airport was intended to make the island more accessible to European an ...
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Zulgo-Gemzek Language
Zulgo-Gemzek is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in northern Cameroon. Dialects are Gemzek, Mineo, and Zulgo (Zəlgwa). Blench (2006) considers Zəlgwa-Minew and Gemzek to be distinct languages.Blench, 2006The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List(ms) Zulgo-Gemzek only possesses two vowel phonemes: ə and a, one of the smallest vowel inventories of any language in the world. Phonology Consonants Vowels Tones Zulgo-Gemzek has three phonemic tones: high, mid, and low. Dialects According to the ''Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon'' (2012), Zelgwa and Minew make up a single language called Zelgwa Minew. The Zelgwa and Minew varieties are very close to each other. Gemzek is rather different from these two languages and is treated as a separate language by the ''Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon''. The Zelgwa, as well as the Gemzek, inhabit the massifs of the same name that form the eastern edge of the Mandara Mountains, north of Meri, as well as the neighboring plain ...
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Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois
Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois (; born 31 May 1990) is a politician from Canada. He was the co-spokesperson of the left wing party Québec solidaire from 2017 to 2025, and was elected as a member of the provincial legislative assembly on 29 May 2017. Before his arrival in active politics, he was well known for his role during the 2012 Quebec student protests as co-spokesperson of the ''Coalition large de l'Association pour une solidarité syndicale étudiante'' (CLASSE), a broad coalition of Students' union, student associations opposed to the $1,625 tuition payments, tuition hike introduced by Jean Charest's government. He quit that position on 9 August 2012. Early life Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois was born in a family of activists: his parents met in the Jeunesse Étudiante Chrétienne (Young Christian Students). His father was also an environmental and trade union, union activist. When he was young, he went with his father to Demonstration (people), demonstrations and union assemblies where ...
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