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Funny (spider)
''Funny'' is a genus of macrobunid spiders from China comprising two species, ''Funny valentine'' (the type species) and ''Funny yanqing''. Etymology The specific name of ''Funny valentine'' was described as "an arbitrary combination of letters" by its authors. However, it was later described as a reference to the character of the same name from ''JoJo's Bizarre Adventure''. ''Funny yanqing'' was named after ''Water Margin'' character Yan Qing. Description ''Funny valentine'' measures around in body length. It possesses six eyes, with the anterior eye row being recurved. The oval-shaped cephalothorax and legs are pale yellow, while the abdomen is white. The body is sparsely covered in dark setae. The two species are united in pedipalp morphology by the branching of the . However, the shape of the retro-proximal process, dorsal apophysis and apophysis differ in males between the two species. Females of ''F. yanqing'' also have a septum separating the , which are touch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrobunidae
Macrobunidae is a family of araneomorph spiders. It was treated as a subfamily of Amaurobiidae until elevated to a full family based on a 2023 molecular phylogenetic study. Taxonomy A 2023 molecular phylogenetic study of the 'marronoid' group of initially nine spider families led to a changed circumscription of some of the families, including two resurrected or new families, Cicurinidae and Macrobunidae. The relationships in the study's maximum likelihood summary tree are shown below. The subfamily Macrobuninae was originally created as part of the family Amaurobiidae, but in the study was shown to be a monophyletic group well removed from Amaurobiidae. Accordingly it was raised to family rank. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following genera, all formerly placed in the family Amaurobiidae: *'' Anisacate'' Mello-Leitão, 1941 *'' Auximella'' Strand, 1908 *'' Callevopsis'' Tullgren, 1902 *'' Cavernocymbium'' Ubick, 2005 *'' Chresiona'' Simon, 1903 *'' Chumma'' Joc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Fauna Of China
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or, in scientific literature, as an ''endemite''. Similarly, many species found in the Western ghats of India are examples of endemism. Endemism is an important concept in conservation biology for measuring biodiversity in a particular place and evaluating the risk of extinction for species. Endemism is also of interest in evolutionary biology, because it provides clues about how changes in the environment cause species to undergo range shifts (potentially expanding their range into a larger area or becomin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiders Described In 2022
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 53,034 spider species in 136 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifications proposed since 1900. Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel. However, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had a separate th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Organisms Named After Works Of Fiction
Newly created taxonomic names in biological nomenclature often reflect the discoverer's interests or honour those the discoverer holds in esteem, including fictional elements. † Denotes that the organism is extinct. Literature Greek mythology Norse mythology ''Gargantua and Pantagruel'' William Shakespeare ''Don Quixote'' ''Robinson Crusoe'' ''Gulliver's Travels'' Victor Hugo ''The Three Musketeers'' ''Moby-Dick'' Lewis Carroll Mark Twain ''The Adventures of Pinocchio'' Arthur Conan Doyle Rudyard Kipling ''Cyrano de Bergerac'' ''Dracula'' ''Peter Pan'' H. P. Lovecraft ''Winnie-the-Pooh'' '' Macunaíma'' Vladimir Nabokov J. R. R. Tolkien Enid Blyton Jorge Amado ''Dune'' Aubrey–Maturin series ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy'' ''Discworld'' '' The Witcher'' ''A Song of Ice and Fire'' ''Harry Potter'' ''Rumo and His Miraculous Adventure'' ''Rea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibet
Tibet (; ''Böd''; ), or Greater Tibet, is a region in the western part of East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are other ethnic groups such as Mongols, Monpa people, Monpa, Tamang people, Tamang, Qiang people, Qiang, Sherpa people, Sherpa, Lhoba people, Lhoba, and since the 20th century Han Chinese and Hui people, Hui. Tibet is the highest region on Earth, with an average elevation of . Located in the Himalayas, the highest elevation in Tibet is Mount Everest, Earth's highest mountain, rising above sea level. The Tibetan Empire emerged in the 7th century. At its height in the 9th century, the Tibetan Empire extended far beyond the Tibetan Plateau, from the Tarim Basin and Pamirs in the west, to Yunnan and Bengal in the southeast. It then divided into a variety of territories. The bulk of western and central Tibet (Ü-Tsang) was often at least nominally unified under a ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayi Subdistrict
Bayi or Chagyib (; ) is a subdistrict in Tibet Autonomous Region, China and seat of Bayi District, Nyingchi. It lies on the Nyang River at an altitude of 2,994 metres (9,826 feet). Bayi is an important timber and wool producing town, known historically before the 1960s as Lhabagar. By road it is east of Lhasa on the way to Chengdu. History The new subdistrict completely absorbed the ancient village of Drakchi, which used to stand on this site. The Bayi Zanchen bridge crosses the Nyang-chu or Nyang River here. Following the tranquil liberation of Tibet in 1951, the People's Liberation Army commenced the construction of roads and bridges, establishing cities in the region. Consequently, people from the surrounding areas gradually relocated, and "Lhabagar" evolved into a significant transportation center in Tibet. To honor the contributions of the PLA, the residents of Linzhi transformed this location into Bayi New Village, which subsequently evolved into Bayi Town ("Bayi" signifi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paratype
In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype (biology), isotype nor a syntype). Often there is more than one paratype. Paratypes are usually held in museum research collections. The exact meaning of the term ''paratype'' when it is used in zoology is not the same as the meaning when it is used in botany. In both cases however, this term is used in conjunction with ''holotype''. Zoology In zoological nomenclature, a paratype is officially defined as "Each specimen of a type series other than the holotype.", ''International Code of Zoological Nomenclature'' In turn, this definition relies on the definition of a "type series". A type series is the material (specimens of organisms) that was cited in the original publication of the new species or subspecies, and was not excluded from being type material ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holotype
A holotype (Latin: ''holotypus'') is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several examples, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN, the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept. For example, the holotype for the butterfly '' Plebejus idas longinus'' is a preserved specimen of that subspecies, held by the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In botany and mycology, an isotype is a duplicate of the holotype, generally pieces from the same individual plant or samples from the same genetic individual. A holotype is not necessarily "ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sichuan
Sichuan is a province in Southwestern China, occupying the Sichuan Basin and Tibetan Plateau—between the Jinsha River to the west, the Daba Mountains to the north, and the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau to the south. Its capital city is Chengdu, and its population stands at 83 million. Sichuan neighbors Qinghai and Gansu to the north, Shaanxi and Chongqing to the east, Guizhou and Yunnan to the south, and Tibet to the west. During antiquity, Sichuan was home to the kingdoms of Ba and Shu until their incorporation by the Qin. During the Three Kingdoms era (220–280), Liu Bei's state of Shu was based in Sichuan. The area was devastated in the 17th century by Zhang Xianzhong's rebellion and the area's subsequent Manchu conquest, but recovered to become one of China's most productive areas by the 19th century. During World War II, Chongqing served as the temporary capital of the Republic of China, and was heavily bombed. It was one of the last mainland areas captured ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kangding
Kangding ( zh, c=康定), also known as Dartsedo (), is a county-level city and the seat of Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan province of Southwest China. Kangding is on the bank of the Dadu River and has been considered the historical border between the Kham region of Tibet and the Sichuan region. Kangding's urban center is called Lucheng, which has around 134,000 inhabitants. Names Historically, the urban center was known in Chinese as ''Dajianlu'' ( zh, c=打箭炉, also transliterated ''Tachienlu'' or ''Tatsienlu'') from the Chinese transliteration of the Tibetan name ''Dartsedo'' or ''Darzêdo''. History Kangding was on the historical border between Tibet and China. From Kangding to the west lies Tibetan civilization, whereas to the east are Han cultural areas. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Chakla. During its history, Kangding has witnessed many conflicts between Tibetan and Han polities. Kangding was for many centuries an important trading city wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictynidae
Dictynidae is a family of cribellate, hackled band-producing spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1871. Most build irregular webs on or near the ground, creating a tangle of silken fibers among several branches or stems of one plant. The genus '' Argyroneta'' has been placed in a separate family Argyronetidae, but the family is not accepted by the World Spider Catalog and the genus is included in the Dictynidae. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *'' Adenodictyna'' Ono, 2008 — Japan *'' Aebutina'' Simon, 1892 — Ecuador, Brazil *'' Ajmonia'' Caporiacco, 1934 — Asia, Algeria *'' Altella'' Simon, 1884 — Europe, Asia, Algeria *''Anaxibia'' Thorell, 1898 — Asia, Africa *'' Arangina'' Lehtinen, 1967 — New Zealand *'' Archaeodictyna'' Caporiacco, 1928 — Asia, Europe, Africa *'' Arctella'' Holm, 1945 — Asia, North America *'' Argenna'' Thorell, 1870 — Asia, North America *'' Argennina'' Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936 — Unite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
