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Friedrich Minoux
Friedrich Minoux (21 March 1877 – 16 October 1945) was a German industrialist and financier who is best known for being one of the owners of the Wannsee House, where the namesake conference that would decide the fate of millions at the hands of the Nazis during World War II was held in early 1942. Early life Born in the Pfalz region to Michael and Margaretha (''née'' Reffert) Minoux, Friedrich Minoux attended Gymnasien in Speyer and Mannheim as was customary for boys at the time. After fulfilling his military obligations in 1893, he married Maria Karoline Hente, and took a job at the Essen Gas and Water Works company, where he would rise to the position of financial vice president. In 1912, Minoux became an employee of Hugo Stinnes, a prominent German industrialist of the time. Minoux achieved considerable financial success while working for Stinnes, at one point earning as much as 350,000 gold marks per year — a substantial sum at the time. In 1919 Minoux became a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutterstadt
Mutterstadt is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Though classified as rural the municipality does contain urbanized areas. It is situated approximately 7 km southwest of the city center of Ludwigshafen. History Mutterstadt was first mentioned in the Lorsch codex The Lorsch Codex (Chronicon Laureshamense, Lorscher Codex, Codex Laureshamensis) is an important historical document created between about 1175 to 1195 AD in the Lorsch Abbey, Monastery of Saint Nazarius in Lorsch, Germany. The codex is handwrit ... in the year 767 as ''mutherstather marca''. The name Mutterstadt is derived from the medieval personal name ''Muothari'' (or ''Muther'') and not from the German word ''Mutter''. Image:Altes Rathaus Mutterstadt 1.jpg, Old town hall Image:Post in Mutterstadt.jpg, Former Post office News On the 9th of August 2016 a suspected IS terrorist was apprehended on suspicion of planning an attack during a soccer match References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aktiengesellschaft
(; abbreviated AG ) is a German language, German word for a corporation limited by Share (finance), share ownership (i.e., one which is owned by its shareholders) whose shares may be traded on a stock market. The term is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland (where it is equivalent to a ''S.A. (corporation), société anonyme'' or a ''società per azioni'') and South Tyrol for companies incorporated there. In the United Kingdom, the equivalent term is public limited company, and in the United States, while the terms "Incorporation (business), incorporated" or "corporation" are typically used, technically the more precise equivalent term is "joint-stock company". Meaning of the word The German word ''Aktiengesellschaft'' is a compound noun made up of two elements: ''Aktien'' meaning an acting part or shares, share, and ''Gesellschaft'', meaning company or society. English translations include ''share company'', or ''company limited by shares'', or joint-stock company. In German, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holocaust
The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were carried out primarily through mass shootings and poison gas in extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz concentration camp#Auschwitz II-Birkenau, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka extermination camp, Treblinka, Belzec extermination camp, Belzec, Sobibor extermination camp, Sobibor, and Chełmno extermination camp, Chełmno in Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), occupied Poland. Separate Nazi persecutions killed a similar or larger number of non-Jewish civilians and prisoners of war (POWs); the term ''Holocaust'' is sometimes used to include the murder and persecution of Victims of Nazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RSHA
The Reich Security Main Office ( , RSHA) was an organization under Heinrich Himmler in his dual capacity as ''Chef der Deutschen Polizei'' (Chief of German Police) and , the head of the Nazi Party's ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS). The organization's stated duty was to fight all "enemies of the German Reich, Reich" inside and outside the borders of Nazi Germany. From its very inception, the RSHA was a central institution for the Nazism, Nazis, playing a pivotal role in orchestrating and executing the Holocaust. Formation and development In 1934, the Nazi regime accelerated the centralization of state power, abolishing the sovereignty of Germany's federal states and subordinating them directly to the Reich government. Even before the formal creation of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA), the Gestapo under Himmler had already asserted nationwide authority, laying the groundwork for a unified security apparatus. These moves toward central control were further reinforced by the establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicherheitsdienst
' (, "Security Service"), full title ' ("Security Service of the ''Reichsführer-SS''"), or SD, was the intelligence agency of the Schutzstaffel, SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. Established in 1931, the SD was the first Nazi intelligence organization and the Gestapo (formed in 1933) was considered its sister organization through the integration of SS members and operational procedures. The SD was administered as an independent SS office between 1933 and 1939. That year, the SD was transferred over to the Reich Security Main Office (''Reichssicherheitshauptamt''; RSHA), as one of its seven departments. Its first director, Reinhard Heydrich, intended for the SD to bring every single individual within the Third Reich's reach under "continuous supervision". Following Germany's defeat in World War II, the tribunal at the Nuremberg trials officially declared that the SD was a criminal organisation, along with the rest of Heydrich's RSHA (including the Gestapo) both individually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reinhard Heydrich
Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich ( , ; 7 March 1904 – 4 June 1942) was a German high-ranking SS and police official during the Nazi era and a principal architect of the Holocaust. He held the rank of SS-. Many historians regard Heydrich as one of the darkest figures within the Nazi regime. Adolf Hitler described him as "the man with the iron heart." Heydrich was chief of the Reich Security Main Office (including the Gestapo, Kriminalpolizei (Nazi Germany), Kripo, and Sicherheitsdienst, SD). He was also (Deputy/Acting Reich-Protector) of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, Bohemia and Moravia. He served as president of the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC, now known as Interpol) and chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference which formalised plans for the "Final Solution to the Jewish question"—the deportation and genocide of all Jews in German-occupied Europe. He was the founding head of the (Security Service, SD), an intelligence organisation charg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stiftung Nordhav
The Stiftung Nordhav (''Nordhav-Stiftung'' or Nordhav Foundation) was a front organization of the ''Sicherheitsdienst'' (SD) founded in 1939 by Reinhard Heydrich to obtain and manage real estate for the SS. Founding and purpose The name ''Nordhav'' came from an old Germanic term for the North Sea. Heydrich established the ''Stiftung Nordhav'' on 30 July 1939. The State Secretary Wilhelm Stuckart recognized the foundation 3 August 1939. The foundation's official purpose was to obtain real estate to be used as rest and recreation centers for members of the SS, Reich Security Police, and their families. Besides this official function, Heydrich intended to make use of the organization to acquire real property for himself. Heydrich named five directors: Karl Wilhelm Albert, Herbert Mehlhorn, Werner Best, Kurt Pomme, and Walter Schellenberg. The initial foundation endowment was 150,000 reichsmarks. First acquisition The first foundation acquisition was the ''Katharinenhof'', a fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Reich
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945, after 12 years, when the Allies defeated Germany and entered the capital, Berlin, ending World War II in Europe. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party began to eliminate political opposition and consolidate power. A 1934 German referendum confirmed Hitler as sole '' Führer'' (leader). Power was centralised in Hitler's person, and his word became the highest law. The government was not a coordinated, coopera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fritz Thyssen
Friedrich "Fritz" Thyssen (9 November 1873 – 8 February 1951) was a German businessman, born into one of Germany's leading industrial families. He was an early supporter and financial backer of the Nazi Party but later broke with it. He was arrested in 1941 and was confined in Nazi concentration camps. Liberated at the end of the war in Europe, he was found to be a "lesser offender" in denazification proceedings and was fined. He emigrated to Argentina in 1950 where he died. Youth Thyssen was born in Mülheim in the Ruhr area. His father, August, was head of the Thyssen mining and steelmaking company, founded by his father Friedrich and based in the Ruhr city of Duisburg. Friedrich studied mining and metallurgy in London, Liège, and Berlin, and after a short period in the German Army, joined the family business. On 18 January 1900 in Düsseldorf he married Amelie Helle or Zurhelle ( Mülheim am Rhein, 11 December 1877 – Puchdorf bei Straubing, 25 August 1965), daughter of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Marlier
Ernst Ferdinand Emil Marlier (28 July 1875 – 1948) was a German pharmaceutical manufacturer who built the Wannsee Villa, where the Wannsee Conference was held. Early years Ernst Marlier was the son of Philipp Marlier (died c. 1902), a postal official, and Mathilda Marlier (''née'' Forkeln). After receiving commercial training in the Fuchs Book Factory, Marlier fulfilled his military service obligation in Infantry Regiment 22 in Kassel, after which he moved to Nuremberg. There, he was the proprietor of a shipping firm, Micado. Drug maker In 1903, Marlier settled in Berlin (Kurfürstenstrasse 173a, later Sternstrasse 22), where he founded multiple drug firms (Chemische Fabrik Dr. Schröder GmbH, Chemische Fabrik Dr. Hartmann GmbH, Chemische Fabrik Dr. Wagner und Marlier) and the coal wholesaler Julius Marlier. In 1905, the Pharmaceutical Institute of the University of Berlin determined that Marlier's remedies consisted primarily of tartaric acid, citric acid, sodium chloride an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wannsee
Wannsee () is a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Germany. It is the westernmost locality of Berlin. In the quarter there are two lakes, the larger '' Großer Wannsee'' (Greater Wannsee) and the '' Kleiner Wannsee'' (Little Wannsee), located on the Havel and separated by the Wannsee Bridge. The larger of the two lakes covers an area of and has a maximum depth of . The municipality is the location of the compound where the mass extermination of Europe's Jewish population, known as the "Final Solution", was planned and approved at the Wannsee Conference in early 1942 by the Nazi Party's highest-ranking officials, including Reinhard Heydrich and Adolf Eichmann. Geography Overview At the western rim of the Wannsee locality the Glienicke Bridge connects it with the city of Potsdam. The late neoclassical Glienicke Palace as well as the Pfaueninsel are nearby. Since 1990 these palaces and parks have formed part of the Palaces and Parks of Potsdam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
