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Friedmann Prize
The Friedmann Prize is a Soviet and Russian physics prize, awarded for outstanding work in cosmology and gravity. It is named after the Russian cosmologist Alexander Alexandrovich Friedmann. Between 1972 and 1990 the prize was awarded by the USSR Academy of Sciences for the best scientific work in the field of meteorology. It was re-established by the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1993. It is generally awarded to a single scientist once every three years. Recipients Source: See also * List of astronomy awards * List of meteorology awards * List of physics awards References Awards of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physics awards Physical cosmology Meteorology awards USSR Academy of Sciences Orders, decorations, and medals of the Soviet Union Meteorology in the Soviet Union {{sci-award-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cosmology
Cosmology () is a branch of physics and metaphysics dealing with the nature of the universe. The term ''cosmology'' was first used in English in 1656 in Thomas Blount's ''Glossographia'', and in 1731 taken up in Latin by German philosopher Christian Wolff, in ''Cosmologia Generalis''. Religious or mythological cosmology is a body of beliefs based on mythological, religious, and esoteric literature and traditions of creation myths and eschatology. In the science of astronomy it is concerned with the study of the chronology of the universe. Physical cosmology is the study of the observable universe's origin, its large-scale structures and dynamics, and the ultimate fate of the universe, including the laws of science that govern these areas. It is investigated by scientists, such as astronomers and physicists, as well as philosophers, such as metaphysicians, philosophers of physics, and philosophers of space and time. Because of this shared scope with philosoph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Gurevich
Aleksandr (Alex) Viktorovich Gurevich (russian: Александр Викторович Гуревич) (b. September 19, 1930) is a Soviet and Russian physicist. In 1992 he proposed the theory of lightning initiation known as the "runaway breakdown". Gurevich graduated from Moscow State University in 1952. In 1984 he became a Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Russian Academy of Sciences since 1991). He was the head of the I. E. Tamm Theoretical Department at the Lebedev Physical Institute. From 2010 he is the head of Academic Department of Physics and Astrophysics Problems in Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. Fields of Research His work has focused on: * Plasma kinetics (1955-) * Ionospheric physics (1955-) * Nonlinear dynamics of non-collisional plasmas (1963-) * Nonlinear waves in dispersive hydrodynamics (1973-) * Artificial ionized layers in the atmosphere (1977-) * The electrodynamics of neutron star magnetospheres (1983–1993) * Nonli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meteorology Awards
Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences (which include atmospheric chemistry and physics) with a major focus on weather forecasting. The study of meteorology dates back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did not begin until the 18th century. The 19th century saw modest progress in the field after weather observation networks were formed across broad regions. Prior attempts at prediction of weather depended on historical data. It was not until after the elucidation of the laws of physics, and more particularly in the latter half of the 20th century the development of the computer (allowing for the automated solution of a great many modelling equations) that significant breakthroughs in weather forecasting were achieved. An important branch of weather forecasting is marine weather forecasting as it relates to maritime and coastal safety, in which weather effects also include atmospheric interactions with large bodies of water. Meteorological pheno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physical Cosmology
Physical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models. A cosmological model, or simply cosmology, provides a description of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and allows study of fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate.For an overview, see Cosmology as a science originated with the Copernican principle, which implies that celestial bodies obey identical physical laws to those on Earth, and Newtonian mechanics, which first allowed those physical laws to be understood. Physical cosmology, as it is now understood, began with the development in 1915 of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, followed by major observational discoveries in the 1920s: first, Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe contains a huge number of external galaxies beyond the Milky Way; then, work by Vesto Slipher and others showed that the universe is expanding. These advances made it p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physics Awards
Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events." Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines, with its main goal being to understand how the universe behaves. "Physics is one of the most fundamental of the sciences. Scientists of all disciplines use the ideas of physics, including chemists who study the structure of molecules, paleontologists who try to reconstruct how dinosaurs walked, and climatologists who study how human activities affect the atmosphere and oceans. Physics is also the foundation of all engineering and technology. No engineer could design a flat-screen TV, an interplanetary spacecraft, or even a better mousetrap without first understanding the basic laws of physics. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awards Of The Russian Academy Of Sciences
An award, sometimes called a distinction, is something given to a recipient as a token of recognition of excellence in a certain field. When the token is a medal, ribbon or other item designed for wearing, it is known as a decoration. An award may be described by three aspects: 1) who is given 2) what 3) by whom, all varying according to purpose. The recipient is often to a single person, such as a student or athlete, or a representative of a group of people, be it an organisation, a sports team or a whole country. The award item may be a decoration, that is an insignia suitable for wearing, such as a medal, badge, or rosette (award). It can also be a token object such as certificate, diploma, championship belt, trophy, or plaque. The award may also be or be accompanied by a title of honor, as well as an object of direct value such as prize money or a scholarship. Furthermore, an honorable mention is an award given, typically in education, that does not confer the recipient(s) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Physics Awards
This list of physics awards is an index to articles about notable awards for physics. The list includes lists of awards by the American Physical Society of the United States, and of the Institute of Physics of the United Kingdom, followed by a list organized by region and country of the organization that gives the award. Awards are not necessarily restricted to people from the country of the award giver. American Physical Society The American Physical Society of the United States sponsors a number of awards for outstanding contributions to physics. Institute of Physics International Americas Asia Europe Oceania See also * Lists of awards * Lists of science and technology awards References {{Science and technology awards physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Meteorology Awards
This list of earth sciences awards is an index to articles on notable awards for earth sciences, or natural science related to the planet Earth. It includes awards for meteorology, oceanography and paleontology, but excludes awards for environmental science, geography, geology Geology () is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Ea ... and geophysics, which are covered by separate lists. General Meteorology Oceanography Paleontology See also * Lists of awards * List of environmental awards * List of geography awards * List of geology awards * List of geophysics awards References {{Science and technology awards Earth sciences ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Astronomy Awards ...
This list of astronomy awards is an index to articles about notable awards for contributions to astronomy. The list is organized by region and country of the sponsoring organization, but awards are not necessarily limited to people from that country. Americas Asia Europe Oceania See also * Lists of awards * Lists of science and technology awards References {{Science and technology awards Astronomy Astronomy () is a natural science that studies astronomical object, celestial objects and phenomena. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and chronology of the Universe, evolution. Objects of interest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Yuryevich Kamenshik
Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Aleksander and Aleksandr. Related names and diminutives include Iskandar, Alec, Alek, Alex, Alexandre, Aleks, Aleksa and Sander; feminine forms include Alexandra, Alexandria, and Sasha. Etymology The name ''Alexander'' originates from the (; 'defending men' or 'protector of men'). It is a compound of the verb (; 'to ward off, avert, defend') and the noun (, genitive: , ; meaning 'man'). It is an example of the widespread motif of Greek names expressing "battle-prowess", in this case the ability to withstand or push back an enemy battle line. The earliest attested form of the name, is the Mycenaean Greek feminine anthroponym , , (/Alexandra/), written in the Linear B syllabic script. Alaksandu, alternatively called ''Alakasandu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
