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Fried Liver Attack
The Fried Liver Attack, also called the Fegatello Attack (named after an Italian dish), is a chess opening variation of the Two Knights Defense in which White sacrifices a knight for an attack on Black's king. The opening begins with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Nf6 :4. Ng5 d5 :5. exd5 Nxd5?! :6. Nxf7 White has chosen the offensive line 4.Ng5 against the Two Knights, but 5...Nxd5 is risky (5...Na5, the Polerio Defense, is considered better; other Black choices include 5...b5 and 5...Nd4). Bobby Fischer felt that 6.d4 (the Lolli Attack) was incredibly strong, to the point 5...Nxd5 is rarely played. Fischer's analysis of this line is in game 45, Fischer - Bisguier 1963 The Fried Liver Attack, however, involves the knight sacrifice 6.Nxf7. The opening is popular with younger players who like the name and the aggressive, attacking style. It is classified as code C57 in the ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings''. History The Fried Liver Attack has been known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caul Fat
Caul fat, also known as lace fat, omentum, or fat netting, is the thin Biological membrane, membrane which surrounds the organ (anatomy), internal organs of some animals, such as cows, sheep, and pigs, also known as the greater omentum in anatomy textbooks. It is used as a casing (sausage), casing for sausages, roulades, pâtés, and various other meat dishes. Examples of such dishes are Vietnamese cuisine, Vietnamese , Swiss cuisine, Swiss , French cuisine, French , Cypriot cuisine, Cypriot , South Africa, South African , British cuisine, British faggot (food), faggots, Serbian cuisine, Serbian and , and Italian cuisine, Italian . In the traditional Ukrainian cuisine, Ukrainian and Russian cuisine, Russian cuisine, caul fat, known as or , was usually filled with and liver (food), liver, and baked in a clay pot in the Russian oven. The Navajo people of the Southwestern United States wrap sheep intestines around strips of caul fat to make a dish called . Gallery File:Salnyk-gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grandmaster (chess)
Grandmaster (GM) is a Chess title, title awarded to chess players by the world chess organization FIDE. Apart from World Chess Championship, World Champion, Grandmaster is the highest title a chess player can attain. Once achieved, the title is held for life, though exceptionally the title can be revoked for Cheating in chess, cheating. The title of Grandmaster, along with the lesser FIDE titles of FIDE titles#International Master (IM), International Master (IM), FIDE titles#FIDE Master (FM), FIDE Master (FM), and FIDE titles#Candidate Master (CM), Candidate Master (CM), is open to all players regardless of gender. The great majority of grandmasters are men, but 42 women have been awarded the GM title as of 2024, out of a total of about 2000 grandmasters. There is also a FIDE titles#Woman Grandmaster (WGM), Woman Grandmaster title with lower requirements awarded only to women. There are also Grandmaster titles for composers and solvers of chess problems, awarded by the World Federa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess Life
The monthly ''Chess Life'' and bi-monthly ''Chess Life Kids'' (formerly ''School Mates'' and ''Chess Life for Kids'') are the official magazines published by the United States Chess Federation (US Chess). ''Chess Life'' is advertised as the "most widely read chess magazine in the world", and reaches more than a quarter of a million readers each month. It focuses on American chess players and tournaments, instruction, human interest, and US Chess governance matters. ''Chess Life Kids'' is geared towards those under 14. A subscription to ''Chess Life'' and ''Chess Life Kids'' is currently one benefit of becoming a US Chess member or affiliate. All members are given access to the online versions of ''Chess Life'' and ''Chess Life Kids'' (including back issues). Affiliates and some membership categories also receive printed copies of ''Chess Life'' and/or ''Chess Life Kids''. History The United States Chess Federation was incorporated on December 27, 1939. In the early years, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dan Heisman
Dan Heisman (born July 8, 1950) is a United States Chess Federation National Master, author and instructor. Education Heisman graduated from Hatboro-Horsham High School in Pennsylvania as the co-valedictorian in 1968, and was elected to the school's hall of fame in 2007. He attended Caltech and transferred to Penn State in 1969. In 1971 Heisman graduated at the top of his class earning a B.S. in mathematics, and in 1983, again at the top of his class with a 4.0 G.P.A., received his master's degree in engineering, both from the Pennsylvania State University. Early career Heisman began his career as an engineer and worked in that capacity with several organizations, including the Naval Air Development Center and Intermetrics, Inc. Later, Heisman became a Registered Investment Adviser in Pennsylvania. He has been a full-time chess instructor and author since 1996. Chess career Heisman is the two-time open chess champion of Philadelphia (1973 and 1976), and the Philadelphia I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world. Its first book was printed in Oxford in 1478, with the Press officially granted the legal right to print books by decree in 1586. It is the second-oldest university press after Cambridge University Press, which was founded in 1534. It is a department of the University of Oxford. It is governed by a group of 15 academics, the Delegates of the Press, appointed by the Vice Chancellor, vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford. The Delegates of the Press are led by the Secretary to the Delegates, who serves as OUP's chief executive and as its major representative on other university bodies. Oxford University Press has had a similar governance structure since the 17th century. The press is located on Walton Street, Oxford, Walton Street, Oxford, opposite Somerville College, Oxford, Somerville College, in the inner suburb of Jericho, Oxford, Jericho. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Oxford Companion To Chess
''The Oxford Companion to Chess'' is a reference book on the game of chess written by David Vincent Hooper and Kenneth Whyld. The book is written in an encyclopedia format. The book belongs to the Oxford Companions series. Details The first edition of the book was published in 1984 by Oxford University Press. The second edition (1992) has over 2,500 entries, including rules of chess, rules, list of chess terms, terms, chess strategy, strategies, chess tactics, tactics, over 500 brief biographies of famous players, and entries on more than 700 named chess opening, openings and opening variations. In the back of the book is a comprehensive index of opening variations and sub-variations, listing 1,327 named variations. The book also discusses variants from other countries (such as shogi or xiangqi), chess variants (such as three dimensional chess), and some forms of fairy chess. Editions * First published in 1984 by Oxford University Press * Reissued in paperback (with correction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Time Control
A time control is a mechanism in the tournament play of almost all two-player board games so that each round of the match can finish in a timely way and the tournament can proceed. For turn-based games such as chess, shogi or go, time controls are typically enforced by means of a game clock, which counts time spent on each player's turn separately. A player that spends more time than the time control allows is penalized, usually by the loss of the game. Time pressure (or time trouble or ''Zeitnot'') is the situation where one player has very little time on their clock to complete their remaining moves. Classification The amount of time given to each player to complete their moves will vary from game to game. However, most games tend to change the classification of tournaments according to the length of time given to the players. In chess, various classification schemes are used. FIDE defines time controls based on the sum of the amount of time allotted to each player, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yakov Estrin
Yakov Borisovich Estrin (Russian: Я́ков Бори́сович Эстрин, April 21, 1923 – February 2, 1987) was a Russian chess player, chess theoretician, writer, and World Correspondence Chess Champion who held the chess titles of International Master and International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster. Chess biography After a brief foray into play, he turned to correspondence chess in the early 1960s with immediate success (joint first place in the USSR Correspondence Championship in 1962). He became an International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster in 1966, and would go on to compete in the final of the World Correspondence Championship five times. He is best known for being the seventh ICCF World Champion, 1972–1976. For over-the-board play, he was awarded the International Master title in 1975.A few chess authors indicate the Estrin was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1984 (; ). However, the 1988 book co-authored by Estrin reports only that he was an IM an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pin (chess)
In chess, a pin is a tactic in which a defending piece cannot move out of an attacking piece's line of attack without exposing a more valuable defending piece. Moving the attacking piece to effect the pin is called ''pinning''; the defending piece restricted by the pin is described as ''pinned''. Only a piece that can move any number of squares along a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal line (i.e. a bishop, rook, or queen) can pin. Any piece can be pinned except the king. The pin is one of the most powerful chess tactics. The inverse of a pin is a ''skewer'', in which a more valuable piece under direct attack may move to expose a less valuable piece to an attack. Types Absolute pin An ''absolute pin'' is one where the piece shielded by the pinned piece is the king. In this case it is illegal to move the pinned piece out of the line of attack, as that would place one's king in check (see diagram). A piece pinned in this way can still give check or defend another piece fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Chess
Computer chess includes both hardware (dedicated computers) and software capable of playing chess. Computer chess provides opportunities for players to practice even in the absence of human opponents, and also provides opportunities for analysis, entertainment and training. Computer chess applications that play at the level of a Chess title, chess grandmaster or higher are available on hardware from supercomputers to Smartphone, smart phones. Standalone chess-playing machines are also available. Stockfish (chess), Stockfish, Leela Chess Zero, GNU Chess, Fruit (software), Fruit, and other free open source applications are available for various platforms. Computer chess applications, whether implemented in hardware or software, use different strategies than humans to choose their moves: they use Heuristic (computer science), heuristic methods to build, search and evaluate Tree (data structure), trees representing sequences of moves from the current position and attempt to execute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giulio Cesare Polerio
Giulio Cesare Polerio (c. 1555, – c. 1610; reconstruction of places and dates by Adriano Chicco) was an Italian chess theoretician and player. Name affixes used for him are ''l'Apruzzese'', Giu[o]lio Cesare ''da Lanciano'' (Salvio/Walker), and ''Lancianese'', because he was born in Lanciano, a town in the province of Chieti of the region Abruzzo of Italy. He died in Rome. Chess playing The first published mention of Polerio is from 1634 in ''Il Puttino'' by Alessandro Salvio. It recounts an event that must have occurred around 1575. "Il Puttino, altramente detto il Cavaliere errante" is a nickname used by Alessandro Salvio for Giovanni Leonardo. According to Salvio, Polerio accompanied Giovanni Leonardo on his way to Madrid until Genoa. After returning to Rome around 1584, Polerio became a chess player and writer in ordinary of Giacomo Boncompagni, Duke of Sora and son of Pope Gregory XIII, Pope Gregory XIII (born Ugo Boncompagni). Polerio wrote a number of codexes in whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
