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French Tower
The French Tower is a tower at the top of Castle Street in Waterford, Munster, Ireland. It is one of the six surviving towers of the city walls of Waterford. The tower most likely dates from the 13th or 14th century. The origin of the name is uncertain, but it may well be connected with the large French community which lived in Waterford from the period following the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. Many of these people were of Huguenot origin, and their descendants still live in Waterford to this day. The tower is located at the point where the city wall makes a sharp turn, coming up from Manor Street, past Double Tower, and then continuing in a northerly direction to Newgate Street along Browns Lane. Layout The horizontal cross section of the tower is kidney-shaped, which offers the maximum defensive view of the wall while occupying the smallest possible space inside the wall. The ground and first floors probably date from the reign of Henry III. The upper floors were probably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortified Tower
A fortified tower (also defensive tower or castle tower or, in context, just tower) is one of the defensive structures used in fortifications, such as castles, along with curtain walls. Castle towers can have a variety of different shapes and fulfil different functions. Shape of towers Rectangular towers Square or rectangular towers are easy to construct and give a good amount of usable internal space. Their disadvantage is that the corners are vulnerable to mining. Despite this vulnerability, rectangular towers continued to be used, and Muslim military architecture generally favoured them.Kennedy (2000). Round towers Round towers, also called drum towers, are more resistant to siege technology such as sappers and projectiles than square towers. The round front is more resistant than the straight side of a square tower, just as a load-bearing arch. This principle was already understood in antiquity. Horseshoe-shaped towers The horseshoe-shaped (or D-shaped) tower is a compr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stone
In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its Chemical compound, chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks form the Earth's outer solid layer, the Earth's crust, crust, and most of its interior, except for the liquid Earth's outer core, outer core and pockets of magma in the asthenosphere. The study of rocks involves multiple subdisciplines of geology, including petrology and mineralogy. It may be limited to rocks found on Earth, or it may include planetary geology that studies the rocks of other celestial objects. Rocks are usually grouped into three main groups: igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools in the Earth's crust, or lava cools on the ground surface or the seabed. Sedimentary rocks are formed by diagenesis and lithification of sediments, which in turn are formed by the weathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waterford
"Waterford remains the untaken city" , mapsize = 220px , pushpin_map = Ireland#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Ireland##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = 1 , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Ireland , subdivision_type1 = Provinces of Ireland, Province , subdivision_name1 = Munster , subdivision_type2 = Regions of Ireland, Region , subdivision_name2 = Southern Region, Ireland, Southern , subdivision_type3 = Counties of Ireland, County , subdivision_name3 = County Waterford, Waterford , established_title = Founded , established_date = 914 , leader_title = Local government in the Republic of Ireland, Local authority , leader_name = Waterford City and County Council , leader_title2 = Mayor of Waterford , leader_name2 = Damien Geoghegan , leader_title3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ireland
Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel (Great Britain and Ireland), North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the List of islands of the British Isles, second-largest island of the British Isles, the List of European islands by area, third-largest in Europe, and the List of islands by area, twentieth-largest on Earth. Geopolitically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. As of 2022, the Irish population analysis, population of the entire island is just over 7 million, with 5.1 million living in the Republic of Ireland and 1.9 million in Northern Ireland, ranking it the List of European islan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munster
Munster ( gle, an Mhumhain or ) is one of the provinces of Ireland, in the south of Ireland. In early Ireland, the Kingdom of Munster was one of the kingdoms of Gaelic Ireland ruled by a "king of over-kings" ( ga, rí ruirech). Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties. Munster has no official function for local government purposes. For the purposes of the ISO, the province is listed as one of the provincial sub-divisions of the State ( ISO 3166-2:IE) and coded as "IE-M". Geographically, Munster covers a total area of and has a population of 1,364,098, with the most populated city being Cork. Other significant urban centres in the province include Limerick and Waterford. History In the early centuries AD, Munster was the domain of the Iverni peoples and the Clanna Dedad fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Boyne
The Battle of the Boyne ( ga, Cath na Bóinne ) was a battle in 1690 between the forces of the deposed King James II of England and Ireland, VII of Scotland, and those of King William III who, with his wife Queen Mary II (his cousin and James's daughter), had acceded to the Crowns of England and Scotland in 1689. The battle took place across the River Boyne close to the town of Drogheda in the Kingdom of Ireland, modern-day Republic of Ireland, and resulted in a victory for William. This turned the tide in James's failed attempt to regain the British crown and ultimately aided in ensuring the continued Protestant ascendancy in Ireland. The battle took place on 1 July 1690 O.S. William's forces defeated James's army, which consisted mostly of raw recruits. Although the Williamite War in Ireland continued until the signing of the Treaty of Limerick in October 1691, James fled to France after the Boyne, never to return. Background The battle was a major encounter in J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huguenot
The Huguenots ( , also , ) were a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed, or Calvinist, tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster Bezanson Hugues (1491–1532?), was in common use by the mid-16th century. ''Huguenot'' was frequently used in reference to those of the Reformed Church of France from the time of the Protestant Reformation. By contrast, the Protestant populations of eastern France, in Alsace, Moselle, and Montbéliard, were mainly Lutherans. In his ''Encyclopedia of Protestantism'', Hans Hillerbrand wrote that on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572, the Huguenot community made up as much as 10% of the French population. By 1600, it had declined to 7–8%, and was reduced further late in the century after the return of persecution under Louis XIV, who instituted the ''dragonnades'' to forcibly convert Protestants, and then finally revoked ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Tower
The Double Tower is one of the 17 towers which were part of the city walls of Waterford, Munster, Ireland. It was built in the latter part of the 15th century and the early part of the 16th century.''Decies Journal No. 60''. The work at Double Tower, Waterford. Ben Murtagh.p.1-17 Six of the original 17 towers survive to this day; the other five being Reginald's Tower, Beach Tower, Semi-Lunar Tower, French Tower, and Watch Tower (Waterford). The Double Tower is located on Castle Street, between the French Tower and the Watch Tower. All three towers are well-preserved, along with some parts of the old city wall between them. Layout The name Double Tower probably originates from the fact that there are two chambers inside it. One chamber contains a passageway which leads to the Benedictine Priory; the other, bigger chamber used to contain a flight of stairs leading to the upper floors and battlements. The Benedictine Priory was the priory of St. John and was owned by the Bened ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry III Of England
Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death in 1272. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons' War. Cardinal Guala Bicchieri declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry's forces, led by William Marshal, defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217. Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225, a later version of the 1215 ''Magna Carta'', which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons. His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches, who re-established royal authority after the war. In 1230, the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father, but the invasion was a debacle. A revolt led by Will ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watch Tower (Waterford)
The Watch Tower is a tower on Manor Street in Waterford, Munster, Ireland. It is one of the six surviving towers of the city walls of Waterford. The cylindrical shape of the tower suggests that it was built in the 13th century. The arrow slit openings, or embrasures, with a gun loop at the bottom indicate that the tower was modified in the 15th or 16th century to facilitate artillery operations. The tower does not have any windows on the city side; it was built solely as a defensive structure without a secondary use as a dwelling. At the rear of the tower there are two entrances, one at ground level and another at wall-walk level. The Close Gate once stood on the western side of the tower, where the road now runs. The gate was demolished in the eighteenth century by Bullocks Wyse of the Manor of St. John to facilitate easier access to his estate. The other surviving towers are the Reginald's Tower, Double Tower, French Tower, Semi-Lunar Tower and Beach TowerEamon McEneaney, ''D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reginald's Tower
Reginald's Tower ( ga, Túr Raghnaill) is a historic tower in Waterford, Munster, Ireland. It is located at the eastern end of the city quay. The tower has been in usage for different purposes for many centuries and is an important landmark in Waterford and an important remnant of its medieval urban defence system. It is the oldest civic building in Ireland and it is the only urban monument in Ireland to retain a Norse or Viking name.McEneaney, 2001. ''Discover Waterford'', O'Brien Press p. 70. . Early history Reginald's Tower was built by the Anglo-Normans after their conquest of Waterford, replacing an earlier Viking fortification. The tower's name is derived from an Anglicised form of the Irish language, Irish name ''Raghnall'', which is in turn a Gaelicised form of the Old Norse ''Røgnvaldr''. The tower's name seems to refer to one of the many Viking List of rulers of Waterford, rulers of the town that bore the name. One possibility is that it refers to Ragnall Mac Gill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of National Monuments In County Waterford
The Irish state has officially approved the following List of National Monuments in County Waterford. In the Republic of Ireland, a structure or site may be deemed to be a "National Monument", and therefore worthy of state protection, if it is of national importance. If the land adjoining the monument is essential to protect it, this land may also be protected. National Monuments Sources National Monuments in County Waterford See also * National Monument (Ireland) {{National Monuments of Ireland * * Waterford "Waterford remains the untaken city" , mapsize = 220px , pushpin_map = Ireland#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Ireland##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = 1 , coordinates ... National Monuments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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