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Fremyn Alezard
Fremyn Alezard (died 1584) was a French shoemaker based in Edinburgh who worked for Mary, Queen of Scots and subsequently her political rivals. His name was recorded in various spellings including; Fremyne Allisarde, Fernim Alezart, and Flemyng Allasart. In Scotland a shoemaker was called a cordiner. Alezard made slippers and cork-soled '' pantoufle'' from fine velvet and imported leather for Mary, Lord Darnley, their son James VI, James Stewart, Earl of Moray, and a largely aristocratic clientele. Fremyn Alezard was appointed as a member of the queen's household, among the ''gens de mestier'', the royal artisans. The record of Mary's wardrobe kept by Servais de Condé mentions black velvet delivered to the shoemaker, probably Alezard, for the queen's shoes, ''soulliers'', and ''pantoufles'', slippers. The shoes were lined with black taffeta. There were still 36 pairs of Mary's velvet shoes with gold and silver trim in Edinburgh Castle in 1578. Both velvet and leather shoes were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French People
The French people (french: Français) are an ethnic group and nation primarily located in Western Europe that share a common French culture, history, and language, identified with the country of France. The French people, especially the native speakers of langues d'oïl from northern and central France, are primarily the descendants of Gauls (including the Belgae) and Romans (or Gallo-Romans, western European Celtic and Italic peoples), as well as Germanic peoples such as the Franks, the Visigoths, the Suebi and the Burgundians who settled in Gaul from east of the Rhine after the fall of the Roman Empire, as well as various later waves of lower-level irregular migration that have continued to the present day. The Norse also settled in Normandy in the 10th century and contributed significantly to the ancestry of the Normans. Furthermore, regional ethnic minorities also exist within France that have distinct lineages, languages and cultures such as Bretons in B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scots Language
Scots (endonym: ''Scots''; gd, Albais, ) is an Anglic language, Anglic Variety (linguistics), language variety in the West Germanic language, West Germanic language family, spoken in Scotland and parts of Ulster in the north of Ireland (where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster Scots). Most commonly spoken in the Scottish Lowlands, Northern Isles and northern Ulster, it is sometimes called Lowland Scots or Broad Scots to distinguish it from Scottish Gaelic, the Goidelic languages, Goidelic Celtic language that was historically restricted to most of the Scottish Highlands, the Hebrides and Galloway after the 16th century. Modern Scots is a sister language of Modern English, as the two diverged independently from the same source: Early Middle English (1150–1300). Scots is recognised as an indigenous language of Scotland, a regional or minority language of Europe, as well as a vulnerable language by UNESCO. In the 2011 United Kingdom census, 2011 Scottis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Findlater Castle
Findlater Castle is the old seat of the Earls of Findlater and Seafield, sitting on a -high cliff overlooking the Moray Firth on the coast of Banff and Buchan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Location and etymology It lies about west of Banff, near the village of Sandend, between Cullen and Portsoy. The cliffs here contain quartz; the name "Findlater" is derived from the Scots Gaelic words ''fionn'' ("white") and ''leitir'' ("cliff or steep slope"). History The first historical reference to the castle is from 1246. King Alexander III of Scotland repaired this castle in the 1260s in preparation for an invasion by King Haakon IV of Norway. The Norwegians took and held the castle for some time. The castle remains that are still there are from the 14th-century rebuilding, when the castle was redesigned based on the Roslyn Castle model. James V of Scotland visited Findlater in November 1535 after a pilgrimage to Tain. The Laird of Findlater, an Ogilvy, was Master of Household to Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Erskine
Adam Erskine, Commendator of Cambuskenneth, was a Scottish landowner and courtier. Career He was a son of Thomas Erskine, a younger son of John Erskine, 5th Lord Erskine. His father's wife was Margaret Fleming, later Countess of Atholl. He was made Commendator of Cambuskenneth Abbey in 1562. In 1559 he bought a house in Stirling near the castle now known as Argyll's Lodging from a merchant John Traill. Erskine converted the dwelling into an L-shaped tower house of four floors. In 1604 Erskine sold the house to a relative. Adam Erskine was a supporter of Regent Morton during the minority of James VI of Scotland. He gave the young king, who lived at Stirling Castle with his aunt Annabell Murray, Countess of Mar, a hunting book, Jean de Clamorgan's, ''La Chasse du Loup'' (Paris, 1574). A palace coup In April 1578 he ousted Alexander Erskine of Gogar from his post as keeper of Stirling Castle. The events were described by the English diplomat Robert Bowes. Adam Erskine had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Douglas, 6th Earl Of Morton
William Douglas, 6th Earl of Morton (c. 1540 – 1606) was the son of Robert Douglas of Lochleven and Margaret Erskine, a former mistress of James V of Scotland. Career Connections Sir William's half-brother from his mother's liaison with the king was James Stewart, Earl of Moray, Regent of Scotland from 1567 until his assassination in January 1570. Sir William's cousin was another Regent of Scotland James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton, and was closely associated with him in his career, the two men being occasionally confused in the histories. William's father was killed at the battle of Pinkie in September 1547. His wife was Agnes Leslie, daughter of George Leslie, 4th Earl of Rothes, by whom he had eleven children. The Leslies were active in Scottish Reformation. Lochleven's prisoner William Douglas was the owner of the island Loch Leven Castle, where Mary, Queen of Scots had met John Knox in April 1563. Since 1546, he and his mother had built the "Newhouse of Lochleven" on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velvet
Weave details visible on a purple-colored velvet fabric Velvet is a type of woven tufted fabric in which the cut threads are evenly distributed, with a short pile, giving it a distinctive soft feel. By extension, the word ''velvety'' means "smooth like velvet". In the past, velvet was typically made from silk. Today, velvet can be made from linen, cotton, wool and synthetic fibers. Construction and composition left, Illustration depicting the manufacture of velvet fabric Velvet is woven on a special loom that weaves two thicknesses of the material at the same time. The two pieces are then cut apart to create the pile effect, and the two lengths of fabric are wound on separate take-up rolls. This complicated process meant that velvet was expensive to make before industrial power looms became available, and well-made velvet remains a fairly costly fabric. Velvet is difficult to clean because of its pile, but modern dry cleaning methods make cleaning more feasible. Velv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Pitcairn (antiquary)
Robert Pitcairn (14 August 1793 – 11 July 1855) was a Scottish antiquary and scholar who contributed to works published by Walter Scott and the Bannatyne Club. He was the author of ''Criminal Trials and other Proceedings before the High Court of Justiciary in Scotland (1829-1833)''. He was head of the Edinburgh Printing and Publishing Company and secretary of the Calvin Translating Society Pitcairn was a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and a Writer to His Majesty’s Signet, and a member of the Maitland Club. Life He was born in Edinburgh in 1793, second son of Jean Kincaid and Robert Pitcairn (1749-1828), Principal Keeper at Register House. He was first cousin to William Fettes Pitcairn. He trained as a lawyer and was admitted to the Society of Writers to HM Signet on 21 November 1815. He was a friend and collaborator of Sir Walter Scott, often obtaining historical information for his use. He lived more or less opposite Scott, at 50 Castle Street i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Graham Dalyell
Sir John Graham Dalyell (August 1775 – 7 June 1851) was a Scottish advocate, antiquary and naturalist Life The second son of Sir Robert Dalyell, fourth baronet, who died in 1791, by Elizabeth, only daughter of Nicol Graham of Gartmore, Perthshire, was born at Binns, Linlithgowshire, in August 1775. When an infant he fell from a table upon a stone floor and became lame for life. He attended classes first at St. Andrews, and secondly at the University of Edinburgh, and while there qualified himself for the Scotch bar, and became a member of the Faculty of Advocates in 1796. The work in the parliament-house proved to be too fatiguing for him, but he acquired a considerable business as a consulting advocate, and although a younger son and not wealthy he made it a rule of his legal practice not to accept a fee from a relative, a widow, or an orphan. In 1797 he was elected a member of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and was chosen the first vice-president of that society; he a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mule (shoe)
Mule is a style of shoe that has no back or constraint around the foot's heel. Mules have a history going as far back as Ancient Rome, even though they were not popularly worn until sixteenth-century Europe. There, mules were bedroom slippers and not worn in public. Through the centuries, mules have changed in style and purpose and are no longer just boudoir shoes but are worn at any time, for any occasion. In addition to Western examples, mules come from cultures such as Turkey and Egypt, and appear in popular culture, from famous paintings to iconic celebrities' shoes. History Etymology and original purpose Mule's etymology comes from Ancient Rome. In Ancient Rome, the phrase "''mulleus calceus''" ullet shoewas used to describe the red or purple shoe worn by the three Roman senators and later higher magistrates. In 16th century Europe and France, the Latin root word "mule" was used to refer to both backless shoes and slippers. Mules of the 16th century to the 19th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Jonson
Peter Jonson or Johnson and Garret Jonson were London shoemakers who worked for Elizabeth I and James VI and I. The records of shoes they made for monarchs and courtiers gives an idea of changing fashions. The Jonson family and royal shoes Garret Jonson made shoes for Elizabeth I until 1590. He is recorded as her shoemaker in 1552, during the reign of her brother, Edward VI, when she lived at Hatfield House. In 1564, Garret Jonson made a dozen pairs velvet shoes with velvet covered cork and wooden heels and "rames". At this time Elizabeth had shoes made from Spanish leather, and he made leather shoes for Aura Soltana. Garret Johnson also supplied six shoes horns to the queen in 1563 and 1564. These were the first recorded shoes for the queen made with heels. In Scotland, the shoes of Mary, Queen of Scots and Lord Darnley at this time were made by Fremyn Alezard. Peter Jonson was probably Garret Jonson's son. He made shoes for Thomasina the court dwarf in 1594. In 1595 Peter Jonson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janet Arnold
Janet Arnold (6 October 1932 – 2 November 1998) was a British clothing historian, costume designer, teacher, conservator, and author. She is best known for her series of works called ''Patterns of Fashion'', which included accurate scale sewing patterns, used by museums and theatres alike. She went on to write ''A Handbook of Costume'', a book on the primary sources on costume study, and ''Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd'', as well as many other books. Arnold was awarded the inaugural Sam Wanamaker Award in 1998. After her death, the Society of Antiquaries of London who had previously made her a fellow, created a grant in her name, as did The Costume Society, which she helped to found. Biography Janet Arnold was born at Duncan House, Clifton Down Road in Bristol on 6 October 1932. Her father, Frederick Charles Arnold was an ironmonger, whilst her mother, Adeline Arnold, was a nurse. She was educated at The Red Maids' School and took a keen interest in clothes based on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aura Soltana
Aura Soltana, also known as Ipolitan the Tartarian or Ippolyta was a woman from Russia at the court of Elizabeth I. The sailor Anthony Jenkinson brought a young woman or child from Russia to England, who joined the court of Queen Elizabeth. She became known as "Ippolyta" or "Ipolitan the Tartarian." In September 1559, Jenkinson wrote a letter in Moscow to a trading colleague thanking him for "my wench Aura Soltana". Richard Hakluyt identified this woman as "a young Tartar whiche he gave to the Queen afterward". Jenkinson wrote that the "price of a Nagayan Tartar slave" in Astrakhan was "a loaf of bread worth sixpence in England". Subsequent records of the Elizabethan court mention "Ipolitan the Tartarian". She was christened on 13 July 1561 and the Queen gave her a gold chain and a gold tablet or locket. There is no other evidence that Elizabeth was her godmother. In 1564 she was given livery clothes, listed in detail. A pewter metal doll was bought for her to play with in 1562, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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