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Freedom Of Speech In Iran
Iran is a Constitution of Iran, constitutional, Islamic theocracy. Its official religion is the doctrine of the Shia Islam, Twelver Jaafari School. Iran's law against blasphemy derives from Sharia. Blasphemers are usually charged with "spreading corruption on earth", or mofsed-e-filarz, which can also be applied to criminal or political crimes. The law against blasphemy complements laws against criticizing the Islamic regime, insulting Islam, and publishing materials that deviate from Islamic standards. Constitutional framework According to Article 24 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, "Publications and the press have freedom of expression except when it is detrimental to the fundamental principles of Islam..." Selected cases On 24 September 2014, a former psychologist Mohsen Amir Aslani was hanged in a prison near the city of Karaj, west of Tehran, where he had been in detention for eight years, for "corruption on earth and heresy in religion". Aslani had taugh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, and the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. With a Ethnicities in Iran, multi-ethnic population of over 92 million in an area of , Iran ranks 17th globally in both List of countries and dependencies by area, geographic size and List of countries and dependencies by population, population. It is the List of Asian countries by area, sixth-largest country entirely in Asia and one of the world's List of mountains in Iran, most mountainous countries. Officially an Islamic republic, Iran is divided into Regions of Iran, five regions with Provinces of Iran, 31 provinces. Tehran is the nation's Capital city, capital, List of cities in Iran by province, largest city and financial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salman Rushdie
Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie ( ; born 19 June 1947) is an Indian-born British and American novelist. His work often combines magic realism with historical fiction and primarily deals with connections, disruptions, and migrations between Eastern world, Eastern and Western world, Western civilizations, typically set on the Indian subcontinent. Rushdie's second novel, ''Midnight's Children'' (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be "the best novel of all winners" on two occasions, marking the Man Booker Prize#Winners, 25th and the The Best of the Booker, 40th anniversary of the prize. After his fourth novel, ''The Satanic Verses'' (1988), Rushdie became the subject of several assassination attempts and death threats because of what was seen by some to be an irreverent Depictions of Muhammad, depiction of Muhammad. This included a ''fatwa'' calling for his death issued by Ruhollah Khomeini, the supreme leader of Iran. The book was banned in 20 countries. Numerous killin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fazel Lankarani
Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Fazel Lankarani (; 1931 – 16 June 2007) was an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja'. He was student of Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi. He was a child of a Persian mother and an Azerbaijani father. Biography and clerical activities Lankarani was born in Qom, Iran. His father was from Lankaran (now in today's Azerbaijan Republic) who studied in Najaf and Qom and eventually settled in the latter. His mother was a woman of Sayed descent. Lankarani was fluent in Arabic, Azerbaijani, Persian, and Russian. Lankarani received his ijtihad, the permission of independent interpretation of the legal sources (the Qur'an and the Sunnah), from Ayatollah Boroujerdi at the age of 25. He led the prayer in the haram of Bibi Masouma A.S in Qum. Grand Ayatollah Fazel Lankarani was declared as the most knowledgeable specialist in the field of Islamic law ( Marja al-taqlid) by the central Shi'a school of religious studies in Qom, Hawza 'Ilmiyyah, after the death of Ayatollah Khomeini. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Repression In The Islamic Republic Of Iran
Political repression has been exercised in Islamic Republic of Iran since the 1979 Islamic Revolution. The Islamic revolution, led Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini to power, thus establishing an Islamic theocratic state underpinned by a political system that combined Islamic principles with authoritarian control. The Islamic Republic of Iran has executions, massacres and torture against those perceived as potential dissidents. The UN regards some acts such as the 1981 massacres and the 1988 massacre as crimes against humanity. The Iranian regime's use of political repression is designed to preserve the Islamic revolution, suppress and divide the Iranian opposition, as well as maintain the dominance of the ruling clerical elites. Establishment of the Islamic Republic and Early Repression (1979–1989) The 1979 Revolution and the Rise of the Islamic Republic The 1979 Islamic Revolution, which resulted in the overthrow of the Pahlavi monarchy, marked the beginning of a new era of gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Censorship In Iran
In Iran, censorship was ranked among the world's most extreme in 2024. Reporters Without Borders ranked Iran 176 out of 180 countries in the World Press Freedom Index, which ranks countries based on the level of freedom of the press. Reporters Without Borders described Iran as “one of the world’s five biggest prisons for media personnel" in the 40 years since the revolution. In the Freedom House Index, Iran scored low on political rights and civil liberties and has been classified as 'not free.' Iran has strict regulations when it comes to internet censorship. The Iranian government and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps persistently block social media such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram along with many popular websites such as Blogger, HBO, YouTube, and Netflix. Despite the state-wide ban, some Iranian politicians use social networks, including Twitter and Facebook, to communicate with their followers. Internet censorship in Iran functions similarly to the Great Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apostasy In Islam
Apostasy in Islam ( or ) is commonly defined as the abandonment of Islam by a Muslim, in thought, word, or through deed. It includes not only explicit renunciations of the Islamic faith by Religious conversion, converting to another religion or Irreligion, abandoning religion altogether, but also Islam and blasphemy, blasphemy or heresy by those who consider themselves Muslims, through any action or utterance which implies unbelief, including those who deny a "fundamental tenet or Aqidah, creed" of Islam. An apostate from Islam is known as a ''murtadd'' (). While Fiqh, Islamic jurisprudence calls for the Capital punishment in Islam, death penalty of those who refuse to repent of apostasy from Islam, what statements or acts qualify as apostasy, and whether and how they should be punished, are disputed among Ulama, Muslim scholars, with Liberalism and progressivism within Islam, liberal Islamic movements rejecting physical punishment for apostasy. The penalty of killing of apost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Khatami
Mohammad Khatami (born 14 October 1943) is an Iranian politician and Shia cleric who served as the fifth president of Iran from 3 August 1997 to 3 August 2005. He also served as Iran's Minister of Culture from 1982 to 1992. Later, he was critical of the government of subsequent President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Little known internationally before becoming president, Khatami attracted attention during 1997 Iranian presidential election, his first election to the presidency when he received almost 70% of the vote. Khatami had run on a platform of liberalization and reform. During his election campaign, Khatami proposed the idea of Dialogue Among Civilizations as a response to Samuel P. Huntington, Samuel P. Huntington's 1992 theory of a Clash of Civilizations. The United Nations later proclaimed the year 2001 as the ''Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations'', on Khatami's suggestion. During his two terms as president, Khatami advocated freedom of expression, tolerance and civil society ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hassan Rouhani
Hassan Rouhani (; born Hassan Fereydoun, 12 November 1948) is an Iranian peoples, Iranian politician who served as the seventh president of Iran from 2013 to 2021. He is also a sharia lawyer ("Wakil"), academic, former diplomat and Islamic cleric. He served as a member of Iran's Assembly of Experts from 1999 to 2024. He was a member of the Expediency Discernment Council, Expediency Council from 1991 to 2013, and also was a member of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2021. Rouhani was deputy speaker of the fourth and fifth terms of the Parliament of Iran (Islamic Consultative Assembly, Majlis) and Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2005. In the latter capacity, he was the country's top negotiator with the EU three, UK, France, and Germany, on nuclear program of Iran, nuclear technology in Iran, and has also served as a Shia clergy, Shia Ijtihad#Shia, mujtahid (a senior cleric), and economic trade negotiator. On 7 May 2013, Rouhani r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Davoud Hermidas-Bavand
Davoud Hermidas-Bavand (; 10 November 1934 – 12 November 2023) was an Iranian diplomat and political scientist. He was a member of National Front of Iran's leadership council and served as its spokesperson. Hermidas-Bavand served in Iran's delegation to the United Nations. He was Vice-Chairman of the ''ad hoc'' committee on the drafting of International Convention against the Taking of Hostages in 1979. Early life and education Davoud Hermidas-Bavand was born in Tehran on 10 November 1934. He obtained with honours a bachelor's degree in law and political sciences from Tehran University in 1957. He left Iran in 1958 and he was conferred a doctorate in international relations by American University, Washington, D.C., in 1963. Teaching Bavand taught at Rhode Island University, Allameh Tabatabai University (International Law and International Relations), Tehran, Imam Sadegh University and Azad University. Among his famous students during his teaching was Ali Latifiyan. Ase ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dr D
Dr. D. may refer to: * Dr Disrespect (born 1982), an American video game streamer *Dorothy Lavinia Brown (1914–2004), American surgeon, teacher and politician *Dale Archer (born 1956), American physician and television personality *Dr. Demento (born 1941), American disc jockey *Dr. Dre (born 1965), the rapper/producer *Doctor Dré (born 1963), American radio personality and MTV VJ * Dr. Heinz Doofenshmirtz, a character from the American animated television series ''Phineas and Ferb'' and ''Milo Murphy's Law'' * "Dr. D" David Schultz (born 1955), American professional wrestler *"Dr. D.", a song by The Mighty Mighty Bosstones from ''More Noise and Other Disturbances'' *''Dr Dee'', an opera created by Rufus Norris and Damon Albarn *Christopher Duntsch Christopher Daniel Duntsch (born April 3, 1971) is a former American neurosurgeon who has been nicknamed Dr. Death for 33 incidents of gross neurosurgical malpractice while working at hospitals in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world. The department is the world's largest broadcast news organisation and generates about 120 hours of radio and television output each day, as well as online news coverage. The service has over 5,500 journalists working across its output including in 50 foreign news bureaus where more than 250 foreign correspondents are stationed. Deborah Turness has been the CEO of news and current affairs since September 2022. In 2019, it was reported in an Ofcom report that the BBC spent £136m on news during the period April 2018 to March 2019. BBC News' domestic, global and online news divisions are housed within the largest live newsroom in Europe, in Broadcasting House in central London. Parliamentary coverage is produced and broadcast from studios in London. Through BBC English Regions, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telegram (software)
Telegram, also known as Telegram Messenger, is a Cloud computing, cloud-based, Cross-platform software, cross-platform, social media and instant messaging (IM) service. It was originally launched for iOS on 14 August 2013 and Android on 20 October 2013. It allows users to exchange messages, share media and files, and hold private and group voice or Videotelephony, video calls as well as public Live streaming, livestreams. It is available for Android (operating system), Android, iOS, Microsoft Windows, Windows, macOS, Linux, and web browsers. Telegram offers end-to-end encryption in voice and video calls, and optionally in private chats if both participants use a Mobile_device, mobile device. Telegram also has social networking features, allowing users to post Story (social media), stories, create large public groups with up to 200,000 members, or share one-way updates to unlimited audiences in so-called channels. Telegram was founded in 2013 by Nikolai Durov, Nikolai and Pavel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
