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Free Yemeni Movement
The Free Yemeni Movement (''al-yamaniyin al-ahrar'') was a nationalist political movement active in the politics of North Yemen from the mid-1930s until the 1962 coup which ushered in the Yemen Arab Republic and the 8-year North Yemen Civil War. (Hereafter "Douglas.") The movement began with generalized opposition to the rule of Imam Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, a conservative ruler who was deeply suspicious of foreign influence and as a result kept his land isolated and deprived of modern technology. He once famously said: "I would rather that my people and I remain poor and eat straw than let foreigners in, or give them concessions, no matter what advantage or wealth might result from their presence." Yahya's motivation was more patriarchal than tyrannical; he believed that as a sayyid it was his responsibility to protect the imamate from infidels and modernity. After Yemen's defeat by Saudi Arabia in their border war in 1934, rumors arose of a plot among army officers, the Imam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutawakkilite Kingdom Of Yemen
The Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen ( ar, المملكة المتوكلية اليمنية '), also known as the Kingdom of Yemen or simply as Yemen, or, retrospectively, as North Yemen, was a state that existed between 1918 and 1962 in the northwestern part of what is now Yemen. Its capital was Sana'a until 1948, then Taiz. From 1962 to 1970, it maintained control over portions of Yemen (frequently most) until its final defeat in the North Yemen Civil War. Yemen was admitted to the United Nations on 30 September 1947. History Background Zaidi religious leaders expelled forces of the Ottoman Empire from what is now northern Yemen by the middle of the 17th century but, within a century, the unity of Yemen was fractured due to the difficulty of governing Yemen's mountainous terrain. In 1849, the Ottoman Empire occupied the coastal Tihamah region to put pressure on the Zaiddiyah imam to sign a treaty recognizing Ottoman suzerainty and allowing for a small Ottoman force to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yemen Arab Republic
The Yemen Arab Republic (YAR; ar, الجمهورية العربية اليمنية '), also known simply as North Yemen or Yemen (Sanaʽa), was a country from 1962 to 1990 in the northwestern part of what is now Yemen.The United States extended diplomatic recognition to the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) on 19 December 1962, ''The Times'', 20 December 1962. Its capital was at Sanaa. It united with the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (commonly known as South Yemen) on 22 May 1990 to form the current Republic of Yemen. History Following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in 1918 after the Great War, northern Yemen became an independent state as the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen. On 27 September 1962, revolutionaries inspired by the Arab nationalist ideology of United Arab Republic (Egyptian) President Gamal Abdel Nasser deposed the newly crowned King Muhammad al-Badr, took control of Sanaʽa, and established the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR). This coup d'état ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Yemen Civil War
The North Yemen Civil War ( ar, ثورة 26 سبتمبر, Thawra 26 Sabtambar, 26 September Revolution) was fought in North Yemen from 1962 to 1970 between partisans of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom and supporters of the Yemen Arab Republic. The war began with a ''coup d'état'' carried out in 1962 by revolutionary republicans led by the army under the command of Abdullah as-Sallal, who dethroned the newly crowned Imam Muhammad al-Badr and declared Yemen a republic under his presidency. The Imam escaped to the Saudi Arabian border where he rallied popular support from northern Shia tribes to retake power, escalating rapidly to a full-scale civil war. On the royalist side, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Israel supplied military aid, and Britain gave covert support, while the republicans were supported by Egypt (then formally known as the United Arab Republic) and were supplied warplanes from the Soviet Union.Sandler, Stanley. ''Ground Warfare: The International Encyclopedia''. Vol.1 ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yahya Muhammad Hamid Ed-Din
, succession1 = King of Yemen , succession2 = Imam of Yemen , image = Imam yahya cropped.png , image_size = , caption = Portrait of Yahya by Ameen Rihani, 1922. Imam Yahya steadfastly refused to be photographed throughout his life. , reign1 = 30 October 1918 – 17 February 1948 , reign2 = 4 June 1904 – 17 February 1948 , predecessor1 = Akdilek Mahmud Pasha (as Ottoman Governor) , predecessor2 = Muhammad bin Yahya Hamid ad-Din , successor1 = Ahmad bin Yahya , successor2 = Ahmad bin Yahya , spouse = , issue = Ahmad bin Yahya Mohammed bin Yahya Hassan bin YahyaAli bin YahyaAbdullah bin Yahya Ibrahim bin YahyaIsmail bin YahyaAl-Qasim bin YahyaYahya bin YahyaAbdel-Rahman bin YahyaAlmtehr bin YahyaMohsen bin YahyaAl-Abbas bin Yahya Hussein bin Yahya , house = Rassids , religion = Zaidi Shia Islam , father = Muhammad bin Yahya Hamid ad-Din , mother = , birth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayyid
''Sayyid'' (, ; ar, سيد ; ; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: ; feminine: ; ) is a surname of people descending from the Prophets in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, sons of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah, Fatima and his cousin and son-in-law Ali (Ali ibn Abi Talib). While in the Islamic golden age, early islamic period the title Al-Sayyid was applied on all the members of the of Banu Hashim, banu hashim, the tribe of Muhammad. But later on the title was made specific to those of Hasanids, Hasani and Hussaini descent, Primarily by the List of Fatimid caliphs, Fatimid Caliphs. Female ''sayyids'' are given the titles ''sayyida'', ''syeda'', ''alawiyah'' . In some regions of the Islamic world, such as in Iraq, the descendants of Muhammad are given the title ''Emir, amīr'' or ''mīr'', meaning "aristocrats", "commander", or "ruler". In Shia Islam the son of a non Sayyid father and a Sayyida mother claim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslim Brotherhood
The Society of the Muslim Brothers ( ar, جماعة الإخوان المسلمين'' ''), better known as the Muslim Brotherhood ( ', is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928. Al-Banna's teachings spread far beyond Egypt, influencing today various Islamist movements from charitable organizations to political parties—not all using the same name. Initially, as a Pan-Islamic, religious, and social movement, it preached Islam in Egypt, taught the illiterate, and set up hospitals and business enterprises. It later advanced into the political arena, aiming to end British colonial control of Egypt. The movement's self-stated aim is the establishment of a state ruled by Sharia law–its most famous slogan worldwide being: "Islam is the solution". Charity is a major aspect of its work. The group spread to other Muslim countries but has its largest, or one of its largest, organizations in Egypt d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Muhammad Numan
Ahmad Muhammad Numan ( ar, أحمد محمد نعمان; 26 April 1909 – 27 September 1996) was an educator, propagandist and politician. He was a principal progenitor of modern Yemeni nationalism. Numan was an original founder of the Free Yemeni Movement, a propagandist in Cairo for the Yemeni Unionists and once foreign minister and twice Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic. Biography Family and youth Numan was a descendant of a family of important shaykhs in al-Hujariyya, (Hereafter "Douglas.) a province in the southern highlands southeast of the department of Ta'izz. Numan's uncle, Abd al-Wahhab Numan, was the Ottoman-appointed ''hakim'' (governor of the region. The Numans were Sunni, specifically Shafi'i. Numan's father was a farmer. Numan was educated in the traditional Islamic ''kuttab'' elementary school. He spent seven years at the Shaff'd universita Zabid. After his father's death in 1934, Numan assumed the role of head of household, in which capac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Bin Yahya
, succession = King and Imam of Yemen , image = YemenAhmad.jpg , image_size = , caption = , reign = 17 February 1948 – 19 September 1962 , predecessor = Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din , successor = Muhammad al-Badr , spouse = , issue = Muhammad al-BadrAbdullah bin AhmadAl-Abbas bin Ahmad , house = Rassids , father = Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din , religion = Zaidi Shia Islam , mother = Fatima Al-Washali , birth_date = , birth_place = Yemen Vilayet, Ottoman Empire , death_date = , death_place = Ta'izz, Yemen , buried = Ahmad bin Yahya Hamidaddin (; June 18, 1891 – September 19, 1962) was the penultimate king of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, who reigned from 1948 to 1962. His full name and title was H.M. al-Nasir-li-Dinullah Ahmad bin al-Mutawakkil 'Alallah Yahya, Imam and Commander of the Faithful, and King of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of the Yemen. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulama
In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam, including Islamic doctrine and law. By longstanding tradition, ulama are educated in religious institutions ''(madrasas)''. The Quran and sunnah (authentic hadith) are the scriptural sources of traditional Islamic law. Traditional way of education Students do not associate themselves with a specific educational institution, but rather seek to join renowned teachers. By tradition, a scholar who has completed his studies is approved by his teacher. At the teacher's individual discretion, the student is given the permission for teaching and for the issuing of legal opinions ''(fatwa)''. The official approval is known as the '' ijazat at-tadris wa 'l-ifta'' ("license to teach and issue legal opinions"). Through time, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sana'a
Sanaa ( ar, صَنْعَاء, ' , Yemeni Arabic: ; Old South Arabian: 𐩮𐩬𐩲𐩥 ''Ṣnʿw''), also spelled Sana'a or Sana, is the capital and largest city in Yemen and the centre of Sanaa Governorate. The city is not part of the Governorate, but forms the separate administrative district of "ʾAmānat al-ʿĀṣima" (). Under the Yemeni constitution, Sanaa is the capital of the country, although the seat of the Yemeni government moved to Aden, the former capital of South Yemen in the aftermath of the Houthi occupation. Aden was declared as the temporary capital by President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi in March 2015. At an elevation of , Sanaa is one of the highest capital cities in the world and is next to the Sarawat Mountains of Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb and Jabal Tiyal, considered to be the highest mountains in the country and amongst the highest in the region. Sanaa has a population of approximately 3,937,500 (2012), making it Yemen's largest city. As of 2020, the gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Eastern Studies
Middle Eastern studies (sometimes referred to as Near Eastern studies) is a name given to a number of academic programs associated with the study of the history, culture, politics, economies, and geography of the Middle East, an area that is generally interpreted to cover a range of nations including Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, and Yemen. It is considered a form of area studies, taking an overtly interdisciplinary approach to the study of a region. In this sense Middle Eastern studies is a far broader and less traditional field than classical Islamic studies. The subject was historically regarded as part of Oriental studies, which also included East Asian studies and Egyptology and other specialisms in the ancient civilizations of the region; the growth of the field of study in the West is treated at that article. Many academic faculties still cover both areas. Although some academic programs combine Middle E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
