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Francisco De Paula Santander
Francisco José de Paula Santander y Omaña (April 2, 1792 – May 6, 1840) was a Neogranadine military and political leader who served as Vice-President of Gran Colombia between 1819 and 1826, and was later elected by Congress as the President of the Republic of New Granada between 1832 and 1837. Santander played a pivotal role in the Colombian War of Independence being one of the main leaders of the Patriot forces and helped lead the Patriot Army alongside Simón Bolívar to victory. He's often credited with creating the legal foundations for democracy in Colombia, as well as creating the country's first system of public education. For these reasons he is considered a National Hero in Colombia and has thus commonly been known as "The Man of the Laws" (''"El Hombre de las Leyes"'') as well as the "Organizer of Victory" (''"El Organizador de la Victoria"'').Arismendi Posada, Ignacio; ''Gobernantes Colombianos''; trans. Colombian Presidents; Interprint Editors Ltd.; Italgraf; Segu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ricardo Acevedo Bernal
Ricardo Acevedo Bernal (4 May 1867 – 7 April 1930) was a Colombian portrait painter, composer and photographer. Biography He was born in Bogotá and attended the "Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé", where he studied with Father Santiago Páramo, SJ (1841-1915), then enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts of Bogotá, with as his teacher.Brief biography @ the Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango. Later, he went to New York and remained for eight years, working at various photography studios. While there, he became a member of the "" and worked with |
Bolívar's Campaign To Liberate New Granada
Bolívar's campaign to liberate New Granada also known as the Liberation Campaign of 1819 was part of the Colombian and Venezuelan wars of independence and was one of the many military campaigns fought by Simón Bolívar. In 1819 Bolívar led a combined New Granadan and Venezuelan Army in a campaign to liberate New Granada which had been under Spanish control since 1816. Bolívar marched his army through the flooded plains from Venezuela and entered the Casanare Province with his army in June 1819, combining his forces with those of Francisco de Paula Santander at Tame, Arauca, on 11 June. The combined Patriot force reached the Eastern Range of the Andes on 22 June and began a grueling crossing. On 6 July, the Patriots descended from the Andes arriving at Socha and into the valleys of central New Granada. After a brief convalescence, the Patriots fought a series of battles against the III Division of the Royalist army of Spanish colonel José María Barreiro Manjón, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casanare Province
Casanare Province was one of the provinces of Gran Colombia. History It belonged to the Boyacá Department (Gran Colombia), Boyacá Department, which was created in 1824. The capital was Moreno, now called Paz de Ariporo. Watercolors painted in 1856 by Manuel María Paz provide early depictions of the Guahibo people, Guahibo and Saliba language (South America), Saliba people in Casanare Province. See also * Casanare Department * Casanare River References {{DEFAULTSORT:Casanare, Province Provinces of Gran Colombia Provinces of the Republic of New Granada ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Del Castillo Y Rada
Manuel del Castillo y Rada (Cartagena de Indias, 1781 – Cartagena de Indias, 24 February 1816) was a Neogranadine general, who fought for the independence of New Granada from Spain. He was executed during the Spanish Reconquista after the Siege of Cartagena (1815), by order of Pablo Morillo. Biography His father was Don Nicolás del Castillo, a native of Alicante, and his mother, Doña Manuela Rada, of aristocratic lineage. His elder brother was José María del Castillo y Rada. He was orphaned at the age of five. He married Isabel de Blasco on 6 August 1815. After obtaining the degree of Doctor of Law, he joined the militia with the rank of captain. On 19 November 1810 he joined the National Battalion in Santa Fe de Bogotá. In January 1811, the government of Santa Fe entrusted him with incorporating the province of Mariquita into Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca, Cundinamarca. Castillo then returned to Santafé where Antonio Nariño had become president. In January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Granada Civil War
The New Granada Civil War was a civil war between 1812 and 1814 in New Granada (present-day Colombia) between Federalists and Centralists. The war ended with a victory for the Federalists. Context After the Supreme Central Junta in Spain had been dissolved in 1810, two political entities were formed in present-day Colombia which declared themselves independent from Spain. The first was the Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca, centered around the former capital Santa Fé de Bogotá and led by Jorge Tadeo Lozano and Antonio Nariño. They followed a Centralist policy, and were convinced that the economic and political power of Cundinamarca would allow it to dominate and unify New Granada. The second was the United Provinces of New Granada, led by Camilo Torres Tenorio, which had been created as a looser Federation of Provinces. The animosity between Nariño's centralist factions and the federalist factions in the Congress, led by Torres, soon spread to the respective ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Provinces Of New Granada
The United Provinces of New Granada was a country in South America from 1810 to 1816, a period known in Colombian history as '' la Patria Boba'' ("the Foolish Fatherland"). It was formed from areas of the New Kingdom of Granada, roughly corresponding to the territory of modern-day Colombia. The government was a federation with a parliamentary system, consisting of a weak executive and strong congress. The country was reconquered by Spain in 1816. Government The Triumvirate After two attempts at establishing a congress, the State of Cundinamarca managed to convene a Congress of the United Provinces, which met in late 1811. It issued an Act of Federation on November 27, 1811, which allowed Congress to establish a separate executive branch, if it felt it was required. An executive, consisting of a triumvirate, was created in 1814 after a royalist army from Pasto and Popayán defeated one from Cundinamarca (which had not accepted the Union and, in fact, had even sent troops agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free And Independent State Of Cundinamarca
The Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca () was a rebel state in colonial Colombia. It included parts of the former New Kingdom of Granada (part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada). The state originated as a result of the Foolish Fatherland (''Patria Boba'') period at the beginning of the Spanish American wars of independence. Its capital was Bogotá, the former capital of the Viceroyalty of New Granada. History Following the occupation of Spain during the Napoleonic Wars, Cundinamarca was one of the states (such as United Provinces of South America (current Argentina) and the First Republic of Venezuela) who replaced its viceregal government with a local '' junta'' in the name of the deposed Ferdinand VII. Following the creation of juntas all over New Granada, the provinces started establishing their own autonomous governments. Unable to unify them into a single state, the Junta Suprema in Santafé (the former vice-royal capital and the center of the Province of Cundina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royalist (Spanish American Independence)
The royalists were the people of Hispanic America (mostly from native and indigenous peoples) and Europeans that fought to preserve the integrity of the Spanish monarchy during the Spanish American wars of independence. In the early years of the conflict, when King Ferdinand VII was captive in France, royalists supported the authority in the Americas of the Supreme Central Junta of Spain and the Indies and the Cortes of Cádiz that ruled in the King's name during the Peninsular War. During the Trienio Liberal in 1820, after the restoration of Ferdinand VII in 1814, the royalists were split between Absolutists, those that supported his insistence to rule under traditional law, and liberals, who sought to reinstate the reforms enacted by the Cortes of Cádiz. Political evolution The creation of juntas in Spanish America in 1810 was a direct reaction to developments in Spain during the previous two years. In 1808 Ferdinand VII had been convinced to abdicate by Napoleon in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Criollo People
In Hispanic America, criollo () is a term used originally to describe people of full Spaniards, Spanish descent born in the Viceroyalty, viceroyalties. In different Latin American countries, the word has come to have different meanings, mostly referring to the local-born majority. Historically, they have been misportrayed as a social class in the hierarchy of the Spanish colonization of the Americas, overseas colonies established by Spain beginning in the 16th century, especially in Hispanic America. They were locally born people — almost always of Spaniards, Spanish ancestry, but also sometimes of other Ethnic groups in Europe, European ethnic backgrounds. Their identity was strengthened as a result of the Bourbon reforms of 1700, which changed the Spanish Empire's policies toward its colonies and led to tensions between ''criollos'' and ''peninsulares''. The growth of local ''criollo'' political and economic strength in the separate colonies, coupled with their global geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gran Colombia
Gran Colombia (, "Great Colombia"), also known as Greater Colombia and officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish language, Spanish: ''República de Colombia''), was a state that encompassed much of northern South America and parts of Central America from 1819 to 1831. It included present-day Colombia, mainland Ecuador (i.e. excluding the Galápagos Islands), Panama, and Venezuela, along with the Caribbean coasts of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, parts of northern Peru, northwestern Brazil, and Guyana–Venezuela territorial dispute, claimed the Essequibo region. The terms Gran Colombia and Greater Colombia are used historiography, historiographically to distinguish it from the current Colombia, Republic of Colombia, which is also the official name of the former state. However, Diplomatic recognition, international recognition of the legitimacy of the Gran Colombian state ran afoul of European opposition to the independence of states in the Americas. Austrian Empire, Austria, Bourb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Liberator
The Order of the Liberator was the highest distinction of Venezuela and was appointed for services to the country, outstanding merit and benefits made to the community. For Venezuelans the order ranks first in the order of precedence from other orders, national and foreign. The President of Venezuela is the Chief of the Order and has the faculty of appointing. By right, he wears the Collar of the Order. The order was created by Antonio Guzmán Blanco on September 14, 1880, and reformed in 1922 under the presidential term of Juan Vicente Gómez, the Order has as precedent the ''Medal of Distinction with the bust of the Liberator'' created on March 11, 1854 under the presidency of José Gregorio Monagas and before that, the ''Order of the Liberators'' created by Simón Bolívar in 1813. In 2010, the National Assembly of Venezuela decided to officially abolish the order and replace it with the Order of the Liberators of Venezuela. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Boyacá
The Order of Boyacá () is the highest peacetime decoration of Colombia. The order is awarded for exceptional service to distinguished Colombian military officers and civilians as well as foreign citizens of friendly nations. Established in 1922, the Order of Boyacá traces its origin to a ''Cruz de Boyacá'' that was awarded to the generals who led their forces to victory in the Battle of Boyaca in 1819. Reestablished in 1919 as an award for military personnel the order has undergone revisions and expansions into its current form, with the biggest change happening in 1922 where civilians became eligible to be awarded the Order of Boyaca. Grades The Order of Boyacá is awarded in eight different grades: * Grand Collar (''Gran Collar''), awarded to heads of state and to the President of Colombia upon his election. * Grand Cross Extraordinary (''Gran Cruz Extraordinaria''), awarded to former heads of state and Colombian Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinals. * Grand Cross (''Gran Cruz'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
