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Framlingham Castle
Framlingham Castle is a castle in the market town of Framlingham, Suffolk, England. An early motte and bailey or ringwork Norman castle was built on the Framlingham site by 1148, but this was destroyed (Slighting, slighted) by Henry II of England in the aftermath of the Revolt of 1173–1174. Its replacement, constructed by Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk, Roger Bigod, the Earl of Norfolk, was unusual for the time in having no central keep, but instead using a Curtain wall (fortification), curtain wall with thirteen mural towers to defend the centre of the castle. Despite this, the castle was successfully taken by King John of England, John in 1216 after a short siege. By the end of the 13th century, Framlingham had become a luxurious home, surrounded by extensive medieval deer park, parkland used for hunting. During the 15th and 16th centuries Framlingham was at the heart of the estates of the powerful House of Mowbray, Mowbray and House of Howard, Howard families. Two artifi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Framlingham
Framlingham is a market town and civil parish in Suffolk, England. Of Anglo-Saxon origin, it appears in the 1086 Domesday Book and was part of Loes Hundred. The parish had a population of 3,342 at the 2011 census and an estimated 4,016 in 2019. Nearby villages include Earl Soham, Kettleburgh, Parham, Saxtead and Sweffling. Governance An electoral ward of the same name exists. The parish stretches north-east to Brundish with a total ward population taken at the 2011 census of 4,744. Features Framlingham's history can be traced to an entry in the Domesday Book (1086) when it consisted of several manors. The medieval Framlingham Castle is a major feature and tourist attraction for the area and is managed by English Heritage. This Norman castle was first referenced in 1148, although some academics believe it could be as old as the 11th century. Mary Tudor (daughter of Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon) was proclaimed the first Queen of England here ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Curtain Wall (fortification)
A curtain wall is a defensive wall between fortified towers or bastions of a castle, fortress, or town. Ancient fortifications Evidence for curtain walls or a series of walls surrounding a town or fortress can be found in the historical sources from Assyria and Egypt. Some notable examples are ancient Tel Lachish in Israel and Buhen in Egypt. Curtain walls were built across Europe during the Roman Empire; the early 5th century Theodosian Walls of Constantinople influenced the builders of medieval castles many centuries later. Curtain wall castles In medieval castles, the area surrounded by a curtain wall, with or without towers, is known as the bailey. The outermost walls with their integrated bastions and wall towers together make up the enceinte or main defensive line enclosing the site. In medieval designs of castle and town, the curtain walls were often built to a considerable height and were fronted by a ditch or moat to make assault difficult. Walls were topped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tourist Attraction
A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement. Types Places of natural beauty such as beaches, tropical island resorts, national parks, mountains, deserts and forests, are examples of traditional tourist attractions which people may visit. Cultural tourist attractions can include historical places, sites of significant historic wikt:event, event, monuments, ancient temples, zoos, public aquarium, aquaria, museums and art galleries, botanical gardens, buildings and structures (such as List of forts, forts, castles, library, libraries, former prisons, skyscrapers, bridges), theme parks and carnivals, living history museums, public art (sculptures, statues, murals), ethnic enclave communities, heritage railway, historic trains and cultural events. Factory tours, industrial heritage, creative art and crafts workshops a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Commissioner Of Works
The First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings was a position within the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and subsequent to 1922, within the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It took over some of the functions of the First Commissioner of Woods and Forests in 1851 when the portfolio of Crown holdings was divided into the public and the commercial. The position was frequently of cabinet level. The office was renamed Minister of Works and Buildings and First Commissioner of Works in 1940, Minister of Works and Planning upon receiving statutory planning powers from the Ministry of Health in 1942, Minister of Works when those planning powers were moved to the Ministry of Town and Country Planning in 1943, and finally Minister of Public Buildings and Works in 1962. In this last form the commissioner had "additional responsibility for studying the problems of the building industry". On 15 October 1970 the role ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drill Hall
A drill hall is a place such as a building or a hangar where soldiers practise and perform military drills. Description In the United Kingdom and Commonwealth, the term was used for the whole headquarters building of a military reserve unit, which usually incorporated such a hall. Many of these drill halls were built through public subscriptions in order to support the local Volunteer Force which was raised in the late 1850s. In the United Kingdom, these were later renamed Territorial Army (TA) Centres and later Army Reserve Centres (ARC)s. As well as a drill hall itself, they now usually feature other facilities such as a gymnasium, motor transport department, lecture rooms, stores, an armoury, administrative offices and the Officer's, Warrant Officers and Senior NCOs, and Junior Ranks Messes. Some Officer Training Corps, Army Cadet Force and Air Training Corps units are also co-located on the site of modern Army Reserve Centres, for example Blackheath drill hall. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Workhouse
In Britain and Ireland, a workhouse (, lit. "poor-house") was a total institution where those unable to support themselves financially were offered accommodation and employment. In Scotland, they were usually known as Scottish poorhouse, poorhouses. The earliest known use of the term ''workhouse'' is from 1631, in an account by the mayor of Abingdon, Oxfordshire, Abingdon reporting that "we have erected within our borough a workhouse to set poorer people to work". The origins of the workhouse can be traced to the Statute of Cambridge 1388, which attempted to address the labour shortages following the Black Death in England by restricting the movement of labourers, and ultimately led to the state becoming responsible for the support of the poor. However, mass unemployment following the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, the introduction of new technology to replace agricultural workers in particular, and a series of bad harvests, meant that by the early 1830s the established sy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Act For The Relief Of The Poor 1601
The Poor Relief Act 1601 ( 43 Eliz. 1. c. 2) was an act of the Parliament of England. The act, popularly known as the Elizabethan Poor Law, the "43rd Elizabeth", or the "Old Poor Law", was passed in 1601 and created a poor law system for England and Wales. It formalised earlier practices of poor relief distribution in England and Wales and is generally considered a refinement of the Poor Relief Act 1597 ( 39 Eliz. 1. c. 3) that established overseers of the poor. The "Old Poor Law" was not one law but a collection of laws passed between the 16th and 18th centuries. The system's administrative unit was the parish. It was not a centralised government policy but a law which made individual parishes responsible for Poor Law legislation. The 1601 act saw a move away from the more obvious forms of punishing paupers under the Tudor system towards methods of "correction". Several amending pieces of legislation can be considered part of the Old Poor Law. These include: *1662 – Poo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pembroke College, Cambridge
Pembroke College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college is the third-oldest college of the university and has over 700 students and fellows. It is one of the university's larger colleges, with buildings from almost every century since its founding, as well as extensive gardens. Its members are termed "Valencians". The college's current master is Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury. Pembroke has a level of academic performance among the highest of all the Cambridge colleges; in 2013, 2014, 2016, and 2018 Pembroke was placed second in the Tompkins Table. Pembroke contains the first chapel designed by Sir Christopher Wren and is one of only six Cambridge colleges to have educated a British prime minister, in Pembroke's case William Pitt the Younger. The college library, with a Victorian neo-gothic clock tower, has an original copy of the first encyclopaedia to contain printed diagrams. History Marie de St Pol, Countess of Pembroke (1303� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl Of Suffolk
Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, (13 August 15843 June 1640) was an England, English nobleman and politician. Career Born at the family estate of Saffron Walden, he was the son of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, by his second wife, Catherine Knyvet of Charlton, North Wiltshire, Wiltshire, Charlton, and succeeded his father as 2nd Earl of Suffolk and 2nd Baron Howard de Walden in 1626, along with some other of his father's offices, including the Lord-lieutenant, lord-lieutenancy of the counties of Lord Lieutenant of Suffolk, Suffolk, Lord Lieutenant of Cambridgeshire, Cambridge and Lord Lieutenant of Dorset, Dorset. Howard danced in ''Lord Hay's Masque'' to celebrate the marriage of James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, James Hay and Honora Denny on 6 January 1607. On 9 February 1608 he performed in the masque ''The Hue and Cry After Cupid'' at Whitehall Palace as a sign of the zodiac, to celebrate the wedding of John Ramsay, 1st Earl of Holderness, John Ramsay, Viscount ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mere (lake)
A mere is a shallow lake, pond, or wetland, particularly in Great Britain and other parts of western Europe. Derivation of the word Etymology The word ''mere'' is recorded in Old English as ''mere'' ″sea, lake″, corresponding to * Old Saxon ''meri'', * Old Low Franconian ''*meri'' (Dutch ''meer'' ″lake, pool″, Picard ''mer'' ″pool, lake″, Northern French toponymic element ''-mer''), * Old High German ''mari'' / ''meri'' (German ''Meer'' ″sea″, but also '' Maar'' ″circular lake″), * Goth. ''mari-'', ''marei'', * Old Norse ''marr'' ″sea″ (Norwegian ''mar'' ″sea″, Shetland Norn ''mar'' ″mer, deep water fishing area″, Faroese ''marrur'' ″mud, sludge″, Swedish place name element ''mar-'', French ''mare'' ″pool, pond″). They derive from reconstituted Proto-Germanic ''*mari'', itself from Indo-European ''*mori'', the same root as ''marsh'' and ''moor''. The Indo-European root ''*mori'' gave also birth to similar words in other European languages: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Howard
The Howard family is an England, English List of noble houses, noble family founded by John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, John Howard, who was created Duke of Norfolk (third creation) by King Richard III of England in 1483. However, John was also the eldest grandson (although maternal) of the 1st Duke of the first creation. The Howards have been part of the peerage since the 15th century and remain both the Premier Dukes and Earls of the Realm in the Peerage of England, acting as Earl Marshal, Earl Marshal of England. After the English Reformation, many Howards remained steadfast in their Catholic faith as the most high-profile recusant family; two members, Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, Philip Howard, 13th Earl of Arundel, and William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford, are regarded as martyrs: a saint and a beatified, blessed respectively. The senior line of the house, as well as holding the title of Duke of Norfolk, is also Earl of Arundel, Earl of Surrey and Earl of Norfolk, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
