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Fourth Encirclement Campaign Against Jiangxi Soviet
The fourth encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet () was the fourth campaign launched by the Chinese Nationalist Government in hope to destroy the Red Army in Jiangxi. The Nationalist headquarters in the provincial border of Jiangxi-Guangdong-Fujian organized nearly 400,000 men, and prepared for another major encirclement on the Chinese Soviet Republic. As a response, the Jiangxi Soviet launched the fourth counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Soviet (), also called as the fourth counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Revolutionary Base (). Although the Red Army achieved victory once again, their counter encirclement was not as successful as the previous ones this time, and the Red Army elsewhere suffered considerable loss when many other Communist bases were lost, including two major ones. The battle happened between February and March of 1933. See also * List of battles of the Chinese Civil War *National Revolutionary Army * History of the People's Liber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government, government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermittently from 1 August 1927 until Communist victory resulted in their total control over mainland China on 7 December 1949. The war is generally divided into two phases with an interlude: from August 1927 to 1937, the First United Front alliance of the KMT and CCP collapsed during the Northern Expedition, and the Nationalists controlled most of China. From 1937 to 1945, hostilities were mostly put on hold as the Second United Front fought the Second Sino-Japanese War, Japanese invasion of China with eventual help from the Allies of World War II. However, armed clashes between the groups remained common. Exacerbating the divisions within China further was the formation of the Wang Jingwei regime, a Japan-sponsored puppet government led by Wang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Government
The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China from 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948, led by the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party. Following the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution, Xinhai Revolution, revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen was elected to be China's List of Presidents of the Republic of China, provisional president and founded the Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1912), Provisional Government of the Republic of China. To preserve national unity, Sun ceded the presidency to military strongman Yuan Shikai, who established the Beiyang government. After Empire of China (1915-1916), a failed attempt to install himself as Emperor of China, Yuan died in 1916, leaving a power vacuum which resulted in China being divided into several Warlord Era, warlord fiefs and rival governments. They were nominally Chinese reunification (1928), reunified in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encirclement Campaigns (Chinese Civil War)
The encirclement campaigns of the Chinese Civil War were Republic of China (ROC) offensives against Chinese Communist Party (CCP) revolutionary base areas in China from the late-1920s to 1934 during the Chinese Civil War. The climax were the five "encirclement and suppression", or "extermination", campaigns against the Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) from 1930 to 1934. The final campaign, developed with German advisors, destroyed the CSR's Jiangxi Soviet and precipitated the CCP's strategic retreat in the Long March. Campaigns * Honghu Soviet ( first, second, third) * Eyuwan Soviet: ( first, second, third, fourth, fifth) * Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi Soviet ( first, second) * Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Soviet * Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Soviet * Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet * Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet * Jiangxi Soviet ( first, second, third, fourth, fifth) * Northeastern Jiangxi Soviet * Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet ( first, second, third Third or 3rd may refer to: Numbers * 3rd, the ordinal form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1933
Conflict may refer to: Social sciences * Conflict (process), the general pattern of groups dealing with disparate ideas * Conflict continuum from cooperation (low intensity), to contest, to higher intensity (violence and war) * Conflict of interest, involvement in multiple interests which could possibly corrupt the motivation or decision-making * Cultural conflict, a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash * Ethnic conflict, a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups * Group conflict, conflict between groups * Intragroup conflict, conflict within groups * Organizational conflict, discord caused by opposition of needs, values, and interests between people working together * Role conflict, incompatible demands placed upon a person such that compliance with both would be difficult * Social conflict, the struggle for agency or power in something * Work–family conflict, incompatible demands between the work and family roles of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifth Encirclement Campaign Against Jiangxi Soviet
The Fifth Encirclement Campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet), while the Communists described it as the fifth counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Soviet ( zh, c=中央苏区第五次反围剿, p=zhōngyāng Sūqū dì wǔ cì fǎnwéijiǎo), also known as the fifth counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Revolutionary Base ( zh, c=中央革命根据地第五次反围剿, p=Zhōngyāng gémìng gēnjùdì dì wǔ cì fǎnwéijiǎo) or simply the fifth extermination campaign. was a series of military operations undertaken during the Chinese Civil War, spanning from 25 September 1933 to October 1934. The conflict pitted the forces of Chiang Kai-shek's Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) against the Chinese Communists. Unlike earlier attempts to crush the Chinese Soviet Republic, the fifth campaign was marked by a more methodical strategy. Chiang Kai-shek implemented a policy of gradual advance fortified by the construction of blockhouses, aiming to systematicall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Encirclement Campaign Against Jiangxi Soviet
The third encirclement campaign () against Jiangxi Soviet was the third campaign launched by the Chinese Nationalist Government in the hope of destroying the Red Army in Jiangxi. It was launched less than a month after the previous campaign failed. However, this encirclement was repelled by the Red Army's third counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Soviet (), also called as the third counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Revolutionary Base (). Strategy Merely three weeks after the defeat of the second encirclement campaign, Chiang Kai-shek reached Nanchang on June 21, 1931 with his foreign military advisory delegations including military advisors from Great Britain, Germany and Japan. The nationalists planned to launch another encirclement campaign in very short time so that their communist enemy would not have enough time to regroup and prepare for the upcoming battles, and Chiang himself became the commander-in-chief of the nationalist force consisting of tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Encirclement Campaign Against Jiangxi Soviet
The second encirclement campaign () against Jiangxi Soviet was a series of battles launched by the Chinese Nationalist Government in the hope of encircling and destroying the Jiangxi Soviet after the previous campaign had failed. The Red Army repelled the encirclement by launching their second counter-encirclement campaign (), also called by the communists as the second counter-encirclement campaign at Central Revolutionary Base (), in which the local Chinese Red Army successfully defended the Jiangxi Soviet against the Nationalist attacks from April 1, 1931, to May 31, 1931. Strategies TIME magazine reported that on Jan. 26, 1931, Chinag Kai-shek ordered an offensive launched on January 19 by the 18th army division, when the Red Army managed to encircle it, they gave up their weapons along with the defection of the entire division to the Communist side. 100,000 were reported killed by the Communists. The communists demanded that 2 Million Mexican dollars be paid for the relea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Encirclement Campaign Against Jiangxi Soviet
The first encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet was a Chinese Civil War offensive by the Kuomintang-led (KMT) Republic of China (ROC, or the Nationalists) against the Chinese Communist Party (CCP, or the Communists) from November 1930 to January 1931. The objective was the destruction of the CCP's autonomous Jiangxi Soviet, which was the main base of the Chinese Red Army. The ROC suffered from inadequate coordination, reconnaissance, and strength. The Communists deliberately withdrew to overextend the KMT's National Revolutionary Army (NRA), permitting the ROC to occupy most of the Soviet by the end of December. The Communist began counterattack began at the end of December, and the campaign ended after the destruction of two NRA divisions. Victory gave the Communists much needed confidence, political support, and supplies. The ROC regrouped for another attack. Communist preparations against the second encirclement campaign were underway by March 1931. Names Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The People's Liberation Army
The history of the People's Liberation Army began in 1927 with the start of the Chinese Civil War and spans to the present, having developed from a peasant guerrilla force into the largest armed force in the world. Historical background Throughout the centuries, two tendencies have influenced the role of the military in national life, one in peacetime and the other in times of upheaval. In times of peace and stability, military forces were firmly subordinated to civilian control. The military was strong enough to overcome domestic rebellions and foreign invasion, yet it did not threaten civilian control of the political system. In times of disorder, however, new military leaders and organizations arose to challenge the old system, resulting in the militarization of political life. When one of these leaders became strong enough, he established a new political order ruling all China. After consolidating power, the new ruler or his successors subordinated the military to civili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Revolutionary Army
The National Revolutionary Army (NRA; zh, labels=no, t=國民革命軍) served as the military arm of the Kuomintang, Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang, or KMT) from 1924 until 1947. From 1928, it functioned as the regular army, de facto national armed forces of the Nationalist government, Republic of China during the period of Nationalist rule. Following the promulgation of the Constitution of the Republic of China, 1947 Constitution — which established civilian control of the military, civilian control over the military on a de jure basis — it was formally reorganised as the Republic of China Armed Forces. Initially formed from Constitutional Protection Junta, pro-nationalist faction troops after 1917, with assistance from the Soviet Union, the NRA was created as an instrument for the Nationalist government to unify China during the Warlord Era. It went on to fight major military conflicts, including the Northern Expedition against the Beiyang warlords, the encirclem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chinese Battles
The following is a list of wars and battles involving China, organized by date. Ancient China Imperial China Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE) Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) Chu-Han Contention (206–202 BCE) Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE) Xin dynasty (9–23 CE) and early Eastern Han (25–36 CE) Eastern Han – middle period (36–184) End of the Han dynasty (184–220) Three Kingdoms period (220–280) Jin dynasty (265–420), the Southern Dynasties (420–587), the Sixteen Kingdoms (304–439) and the Northern Dynasties (386–581) Sui dynasty (581–618) Tang dynasty (618–907) Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907–960) Song dynasty (960–1279) Liao dynasty (907–1125) Jurchen Jin dynasty (1115–1234) Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) Ming dynasty (1368–1644) Qing dynasty (1644–1912) Modern China Yuan Shikai-led Republic of China *Bai Lang Rebellion (1911–1913) *Second Chinese Revolution (191 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Soviet Republic
The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) was a state within China, proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leaders Mao Zedong and Zhu De in the early stages of the Chinese Civil War. The discontiguous territories of the CSR included 18 provinces and 4 counties under the Communists' control. The CSR's government was located in its largest component territory, the Jiangxi Soviet in southeastern China, with its capital city at Ruijin. Due to the importance of the Jiangxi Soviet in the CSR's early history, the name "Jiangxi Soviet" is sometimes used to refer to the CSR as a whole. Other component territories of the CSR included the Minzhegan, Xianggan, Xiang'egang, Honghu, Xiang'echuanqian, Eyuwan, Eyushan, Shaanxi-Gansu, Sichuan-Shaanxi, and Hailufeng Soviets. Mao Zedong was both CSR state chairman and prime minister; he commanded the state and its government. Mao's tenure as commander of a "small state within a state" gave him experience in mobile warfare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
