|
Four Big Families Of The Republic Of China
The four big families () are four politically influential families in the Taiwan, Republic of China, first Republic of China (1912–1949), in Mainland China, then Taiwan. The concept was believed to be coined by Chen Boda, a political figure and political theorist of the China, People's Republic of China. Chen alleged that the four families amassed approximately 20 billion United States dollar, US dollars during the Second Sino-Japanese War, a claim that gained traction in Chinese society, particularly during major political and economic crises. This perception was encapsulated in a popular saying: History In 1923, Qu Qiubai, a Communist leader, wrote in the party's journal that several political families controlled Revolving door (politics), bureaucratic capital in China. In 1946, Chinese Communist Party, Communist journalist Chen Boda published a book titled ''The Four Big Families of China'', accusing the Chiang, Soong, Kung, and Chen families of exploiting over 20 billion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Kai-shek & Mme
Chiang may mean: * Chiang, a variant spelling of several Chinese surnames commonly spelled Jiang (surname), Jiang ** ** * Chi'ang, variant spelling of the ancient Qiang (historical people) () * Chi'ang, variant spelling of the modern Qiang people () in Wenchuan * Chiang (place name), a term for 'city' in Northern Thailand and surrounding areas See also *Jiang (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loss Of China
In American political discourse, the "loss of China" is the unexpected Chinese Communist Party coming to power in mainland China from the U.S.-backed Nationalist Chinese Kuomintang government in 1949 and therefore the "loss of China to communism." Background During World War II, Franklin D. Roosevelt had assumed that China, under Chiang Kai-shek's leadership, would become a great power after the war, along with the U.S., the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union. John Paton Davies Jr. was among the " China Hands" who were blamed for the loss of China. While they predicted a Communist victory, they did not advocate one. Davies later wrote that he and the Foreign Service officers in China reported to Washington that material support to Chiang Kai-shek during the war against Japan would not transform the Nationalist government, adding that Roosevelt's poor choice of personal emissaries to China contributed to the failure of his policy. Historian Arthur Waldron argues that the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Fang-liang
Faina Chiang Fang-liang (; born Faina Ipatyevna Vakhreva; ; ; 15 May 1916 – 15 December 2004) was the First Lady of the Republic of China on Taiwan from 1978 to 1988 as the wife of President Chiang Ching-kuo. Early life On 15 May 1916, Faina was born near Orsha, then part of the Russian Empire (now in Belarus). Faina was orphaned at a young age and raised by her older sister Anna. Career At age 16, as a member of the Soviet Union's Communist Youth League, Faina worked at the Ural Heavy Machinery Plant in Sverdlovsk, Russian SFSR, where she met Chiang Ching-kuo, her supervisor. On 15 March 1935, aged 18, Faina married him. Move to Taiwan In December 1936, Joseph Stalin granted Chiang's return to China. After the couple was received by Chiang Kai-shek and his wife Soong Mei-ling in Hangzhou, they traveled to the Chiang home in Xikou, Zhejiang, where they held a second marriage ceremony. Fang-liang stayed behind to live with Chiang Ching-kuo's mother, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Hsiao-yen
Chiang Hsiao-yen (; born 1 March 1942) or John Chiang, formerly surnamed Chang (), is a Taiwanese politician affiliated with the Kuomintang. He is the speculated illegitimate son of Chiang Ching-kuo, former leader of the Republic of China, which would make him the grandson of Chiang Kai-shek. Early life and education He and his identical twin brother, Winston Chang, both illegitimate, are believed to have been born the sons of Chiang Ching-kuo and his mistress Chang Ya-juo at the Second People's Hospital of Guilian, a public hospital in Guilin. Since they were born out of wedlock, the twins took their mother's surname, Chang, though they were given the Chiang generation name () shared by all the grandchildren of Chiang Kai-shek, including Chiang Ching-kuo's legitimate children. Chang Ya-juo died when the brothers were one year old in August 1942, and they were raised by Chang Ya-juo's younger brother, Chang Hau-juo (章浩若) and his wife Chi Chen (紀琛). Their uncle a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chang Ya-juo
Chang Ya-juo (died 1942) was the mistress of Chiang Ching-kuo and bore twin sons for him, John Chiang and Winston Chang. She was born in Jiujiang Jiujiang, formerly transliterated Kiukiang and Kew-Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province in the People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level ... and met Chiang when she was working at a training camp for enlistees in the fight against Japan while he was serving as the head of Gannan Prefecture. The twins took their mother's surname. Chang Ya-juo died under mysterious circumstances; after dining at a friend's house, she came home complaining of stomach cramps. She was admitted to the hospital in Guilin and died the next day. After their mother's death, the twins were raised by Chang's brother and sister-in-law, Chang Hau-juo () and Chi Chen (), respectively, who were officially listed as their parents. They escaped to Taiwan wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demos Chiang
Demos Yu-bou Chiang (; born 10 September 1976) is a Taiwanese and Canadian businessman. He founded DEM Inc. (橙果設計), a popular design studio in Taiwan in July 2003 and has served as its chairman since then. He is also known for being the great-grandson of the late Republic of China (ROC) President Chiang Kai-shek and the grandson of late President Chiang Ching-kuo. His grandmother was Faina Ipatyevna Vakhreva, also known as Chiang Fang-liang. Biography Born to Chiang Ching-kuo's third son Chiang Hsiao-yung and his wife Chiang Fang Chi-yi, he is the eldest of three sons. Demos Chiang was born and raised in Taipei until his grandfather's death in 1988. After his grandfather's death, Chiang's parents sent him to live in Canada and later the United States, though he still retained his ROC nationality, it also started the departure from politics for Demos' parents. Chiang received a bachelor's degree in Information Management from New York University in late 1990s. After grad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Wei-kuo
Chiang Wei-kuo (; 6 October 1916 – 22 September 1997), also known as Wego Chiang, was the adopted son of Taiwan, Republic of China President of the Republic of China, President Chiang Kai-shek, the adoptive brother of President Chiang Ching-kuo, a retired Republic of China Army, Army general, and an important figure in the Kuomintang. His courtesy names were Jian'gao () and Niantang (). Chiang served in the Wehrmacht before fighting in the Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War. Early life As one of two sons of Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Wei-kuo's name has a particular meaning as intended by his father. ''Wei'' literally means "parallel (of latitude)" while ''kuo'' means "nation"; in his brother's name, ''Ching'' literally means "longitude". The names are inspired by the references in Chinese classics such as the ''Guoyu (book), Guoyu'', in which "to draw the longitudes and latitudes of the world" is used as a metaphor for a person with great abilities, especially in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Ching-kuo
Chiang Ching-kuo (, 27 April 1910 – 13 January 1988) was a politician of the Republic of China. The eldest and only biological son of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, he held numerous posts in the government of the Republic of China and ended Martial law in Taiwan, martial law in 1987. He served as the third premier of the Republic of China between 1972 and 1978 and was the third president of the Republic of China from 1978 until his death in 1988. Born in Zhejiang, Ching-kuo was sent as a teenager to study in the Soviet Union during the First United Front in 1925, when his father's Kuomintang, Nationalist Party and the Chinese Communist Party were in alliance. Before his education in the USSR, he attended school in Shanghai and Beijing, where he became interested in socialism and communism. He attended university in the USSR and Geographical distribution of Russian speakers, spoke Russian fluently, but when the Chinese Nationalists violently broke with the Communists, Joseph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Soong Sisters With Chiang In 1940
''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pronoun ''thee'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soong Mei-ling
Soong Mei-ling (also spelled Soong May-ling; March 4, 1898 – October 23, 2003), also known as Madame Chiang (), was a Chinese political figure and socialite. The youngest of the Soong sisters, she married Chiang Kai-shek and played a prominent role in Chinese politics and foreign relations in the first half of the 20th century. Early life Soong Mei-ling was born in the Song family home, a traditional house called Neishidi (內史第), in Pudong, Shanghai, China. Her passport issued by the Qing government showed that she was born on 4 March 1898. Some sources said she was born on 5 March 1898 at St. Luke's Hospital in Shanghai, while others gave the year as 1897, since Chinese tradition considers one to be a year old at birth.. While records at Wellesley College and the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' indicate she was born in 1897, the Republic of China government as well as the BBC and the ''New York Times'' cite her year of birth as 1898. The ''New York Times'' obituary inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shanghai International Settlement
The Shanghai International Settlement () originated from the 1863 merger of the British Concession (Shanghai), British and American Concession (Shanghai), American list of former foreign enclaves in China, enclaves in Shanghai, in which British and American citizens would enjoy extraterritoriality and Consular court, consular jurisdiction under the terms of Unequal treaty, unequal treaties agreed by both parties. These treaties were abrogated in 1943. The British settlements were established following the victory of the British Empire, British in the First Opium War (18391842). Under the terms of the Treaty of Nanking, the five treaty ports including Shanghai were opened to foreign merchants, overturning the monopoly then held by the southern port of Canton (Guangzhou) under the Canton System. The British also established a base on British Hong Kong, Hong Kong. American and French involvement followed closely on the heels of the British and their enclaves were established nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
