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Founders Of Independence Society
The Founders of Independence Society (), officially the Meritorious Society " Founders of Independence, Victors on May 2, 1866 and Qualified Defenders of the Homeland" (), is a Peruvian civic-patriotic association headquartered in Lima, the first of its kind in the country. The society currently brings together its members in activities that worship the memory of the heroes and founding fathers of Peru's independence. The society has the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception as its Protector and Saint Rose of Lima as its Patroness. The company is an entity attached to the Ministry of Defence. History Once the operations aimed at consolidating the Independence of Peru were concluded, many of the Peruvians who participated in those days were left in the greatest distress, since the fiscal coffers did not have enough money to solve their needs. A group of ex-combatants formed, among others, by Colonels Casimiro Negrón de la Fuente, José Domingo Espinar, Juan Basilio Cortegana and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voluntary Association
A voluntary group or union (also sometimes called a voluntary organization, common-interest association, association, or society) is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement, usually as volunteers, to form a body (or organization) to accomplish a purpose. Common examples include trade associations, trade unions, learned societies, professional associations, and environmental groups. All such associations reflect freedom of association in ultimate terms (members may choose whether to join or leave), although membership is not necessarily voluntary in the sense that one's employment may effectively require it via occupational closure. For example, in order for particular associations to function effectively, they might need to be mandatory or at least strongly encouraged, as is true of trade unions. Because of this, some people prefer the term common-interest association to describe groups which form out of a common interest, although this term is not widely used or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrés Avelino Cáceres
Andrés Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray (10 November 1836 – 10 October 1923) was a Peruvian politician and general who served as the President of Peru, from 1886 to 1890 as the 27th president, and again from 1894 to 1895 as the 30th. He is considered a Peruvian national hero for leading the resistance against the Chilean occupation during the War of the Pacific (1879–1883), in which he fought as a general in the Peruvian Army. Early years Andrés Avelino Cáceres was born on 10 November 1833, in the city of Ayacucho. His father, Don Domingo Cáceres y Ore, was a landowner and his mother, Justa Dorregaray Cueva, daughter of the Spanish colonel Demetrio Dorregaray. He was ''mestizo''; one of his maternal ancestors was Catalina Huanca, an Inka-Wanka princess. He studied at the ''Colegio San Ramón'' () in his hometown. Military career In 1854, Cáceres abandoned his studies and joined the ''Ayacucho'' Battalion as a cadet. As part of this unit, he participated in the rebelli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Buendía
Juan Domingo Buendía y Noriega (1816 – May 27, 1895) was a Peruvian military general who served as Prime Minister of Peru from 1877 to 1878. He commanded the Army of the South, which saw controversial action in the Tarapacá campaign of the War of the Pacific. He was also prefect of Department of Lima, Lima, Department of Cuzco, Cuzco, Department of Arequipa, Arequipa, Department of Tacna, Tacna and Department of Lambayeque, Lambayeque, as well a Legislator, deputy for Moquegua and Ministry of Defense (Peru), Minister of War and Navy. References Military personnel from Lima Peruvian soldiers 1816 births 1895 deaths Peruvian people of Spanish descent Peruvian military personnel of the War of the Pacific {{Peru-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lizardo Montero Flores
Juan Lizardo Montero Flores (May 27, 1832 – February 2, 1905) was a Peruvian military officer and politician who held the provisional Presidency of Peru from 1881 to 1883, replacing President Francisco García Calderón, during the Chilean occupation of Peru that took place as a result of the War of the Pacific. He was also Mayor of Lima for a brief period, in 1879. Montero was a friend and comrade-in-arms of Miguel Grau, Manuel Ferreyros and Aurelio García y García, all of whom were known as the "Four Aces of the Peruvian Navy". Biography Lizardo Montero joined the Peruvian Navy in the decade of 1850. Seven years later, aboard the frigate ''Apurímac'', he supported Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco's coup. Between 1858 and 1862 he travelled to Spain. In 1865, he supported General Mariano Ignacio Prado in his coup d'état against General Juan Antonio Pezet. He was then promoted to the rank of corvette captain and was in command of the Peruvian squad during the conflict wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Villar Olivera
Manuel Villar Olivera (March 30, 1801 – October 6, 1889) was a Peruvian Rear-Admiral who had a long service career in the army of his country, from the Peruvian War of Independence to the War of the Pacific. He is best known for having commanded the Peruvian-Chilean allied squad in the Battle of Abtao, facing the Spanish Pacific Squad during the Chincha Islands War. Early years Manuel Villar Olivera was born in the city of Lima, then capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru. He was the son of Pascual Villar, artillery colonel in the Royal Army of Peru, and Agustina Olivera. He made his first nautical studies at the Royal Nautical Academy of Lima and was admitted as a midshipman in 1819. Independence of Peru and war with Spain In 1820 he joined the patriotic army of General José de San Martín, when the liberating expedition arrived on Peruvian shores. At Lord Cochrane's orders, he took part in the Capture of the frigate Esmeralda, the most powerful ship the Spanish had in Call ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomás Cipriano De Mosquera
Tomás Cipriano Ignacio Maria de Mosquera y Figueroa Arboleda Salazar, Prieto de Tovar, Vergara, Silva, Hurtado de Mendoza, Urrutia y Guzmán (September 26, 1798 – October 7, 1878) was a Colombian general, political figure, and slaveholder. He was president of Colombia four times. The first time was as president of Republic of New Granada from 1845 to 1849. During the Colombian Civil War of 1860–1862 he led liberal forces in a civil war against conservative factions. After the liberals won, a new, federalist constitution was implemented, which established a two-year presidency, and the nation renamed the United States of Colombia. Mosquera served twice as president of the new government. From 1861 to 1862 he served in a non-elected, interim manner, while the constitution was written. From 1862 to 1864 he served in an elected manner. He had a fourth term from 1866 to 1867. Due to the liberal reforms carried out under his leadership, he is considered one of the most impo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Francisco De Vidal La Hoz
''Juan'' is a given name, the Spanish and Manx versions of ''John''. The name is of Hebrew origin and has the meaning "God has been gracious." It is very common in Spain and in other Spanish-speaking countries around the world and in the Philippines, and also in the Isle of Man (pronounced differently). The name is becoming popular around the world and can be pronounced differently according that region. In Spanish, the diminutive form (equivalent to ''Johnny'') is , with feminine form (comparable to ''Jane'', ''Joan'', or ''Joanna'') , and feminine diminutive (equivalent to ''Janet'', ''Janey'', ''Joanie'', etc.). Chinese terms * ( or 娟, 隽) 'beautiful, graceful' is a common given name for Chinese women. * () The Chinese character 卷, which in Mandarin is almost homophonic with the characters for the female name, is a division of a traditional Chinese manuscript or book and can be translated as 'fascicle', 'scroll', 'chapter', or 'volume'. Notable people * Juan (foo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Heritage Of Peru
The cultural heritage of Peru, officially the Cultural heritage of the Nation, is the name given to the set of goods, both tangible and intangible, accumulated over time. These goods can be paleontological, archaeological, architectural, historical, artistic, military, social, anthropological or intellectual. In Peru, the competence for the protection of cultural heritage is in the hands of the Ministry of Culture (Peru), Ministry of Culture. In August 2000, the National Institute of Culture published a list of temples, convents and cemeteries declared cultural heritage. Classification In Peru, cultural heritage is regulated by Law No. 28296 (''General Law of Cultural Heritage of the Nation''), which establishes the national policy for the defense, protection, promotion, ownership and legal regime and the destination of the goods that constitute the Cultural Heritage of the Nation. Categories *Immovable material heritage: Those cultural assets that cannot be moved, including arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London
London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Western Europe, with a population of 14.9 million. London stands on the River Thames in southeast England, at the head of a tidal estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for nearly 2,000 years. Its ancient core and financial centre, the City of London, was founded by the Roman Empire, Romans as Londinium and has retained its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has been the centuries-long host of Government of the United Kingdom, the national government and Parliament of the United Kingdom, parliament. London grew rapidly 19th-century London, in the 19th century, becoming the world's List of largest cities throughout history, largest city at the time. Since the 19th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waring & Gillow
Waring & Gillow (also written as Waring and Gillow) was a noted firm of English furniture manufacturers and antique dealers formed in 1897 by the merger of Gillows of Lancaster and London and Waring of Liverpool. Background Gillow & Co. The firm of Gillow's of Lancaster can be traced back to the luxury furniture and furnishings firm founded by Robert Gillow (1704–72) in about 1730. Robert Gillow served an apprenticeship as a joiner. During the 1730s he began to exploit the lucrative West Indies trade exporting mahogany furniture and importing rum and sugar. Following his death in 1772, the business was continued by his two sons, Richard (1734–1811) and Robert (1745–93). In 1764 a London branch of Gillow's was established at 176 Oxford Road, now Oxford Street, by Thomas Gillow and William Taylor. The firm rapidly established a reputation for supplying high-quality furniture to the richest families in the country. Gillow & Co. introduced both the Davenport desk and patented ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Peru
The history of Peru spans 15 millennia, extending back through several stages of cultural development along the country's desert coastline and in the Andes mountains. Peru's coast was home to the Norte Chico civilization, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the six cradles of civilization in the world. When the Spanish arrived in the sixteenth century, Peru was the homeland of the highland Inca Empire, the largest and most advanced state in pre-Columbian America. After the conquest of the Incas, the Spanish Empire established a Viceroyalty with jurisdiction over most of its South American domains. Peru declared independence from Spain in 1821, but achieved independence only after the Battle of Ayacucho three years later. Modern historiography of Peru divides its history into three main periods: * A pre-Hispanic period, which lasts from the first civilizations of the region to the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire. * A viceregal or colonial period, which lasts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santa Beatriz
Santa Beatriz is a neighbourhood in Lima District. It is the southernmost area of the district. It limits to the north, with the historic centre of Lima; to the east, with La Victoria; to the south, with Lince; and to the west, with Jesús María. During the early 20th century, it housed important figures of Peruvian literature. History Located in the Huatica valley, when the Spanish conquest took place, Francisco Pizarro awarded this estate to , who named it the Hacienda Santa Beatriz. Upon the death of his son, Diego de Agüero y Garay, the agricultural property was acquired by the novitiate of the Society of Jesus, in 1629. After the expulsion of the Jesuits, in 1771 the government sold the property to Manuel de la Torre y Quiroz, who, together with his wife Águeda Josefa de Tagle, founded an estate on the hacienda. According to the law of separation of estates, the estate passed to Josefa de Tagle, IV Marchioness of Torre Tagle, from whom the State expropriated the estate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
