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Found Object
A found object (a calque from the French ''objet trouvé''), or found art, is art created from undisguised, but often modified, items or products that are not normally considered materials from which art is made, often because they already have a non-art function. Pablo Picasso first publicly utilized the idea when he pasted a printed image of chair caning onto his painting titled '' Still Life with Chair Caning'' (1912). Marcel Duchamp is thought to have perfected the concept several years later when he made a series of readymades, consisting of completely unaltered everyday objects selected by Duchamp and designated as art. The most famous example is '' Fountain'' (1917), a standard urinal purchased from a hardware store and displayed on a pedestal, resting on its back. In its strictest sense the term "readymade" is applied exclusively to works produced by Marcel Duchamp, who borrowed the term from the clothing industry () while living in New York, and especially to works d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Marcel Duchamp, 1917, Fountain, Photograph By Alfred Stieglitz
Marcel may refer to: People * Marcel (given name), people with the given name Marcel * Marcel (footballer, born August 1981), Marcel Silva Andrade, Brazilian midfielder * Marcel (footballer, born November 1981), Marcel Augusto Ortolan, Brazilian striker * Marcel (footballer, born 1983), Marcel Silva Cardoso, Brazilian left back * Marcel (footballer, born 1992), Marcel Henrique Garcia Alves Pereira, Brazilian midfielder * Marcel (singer), American country music singer * Étienne Marcel (died 1358), provost of merchants of Paris * Gabriel Marcel (1889–1973), French philosopher, Christian existentialist and playwright * Jean Marcel (died 1980), Madagascan Anglican bishop * Jean-Jacques Marcel (1931–2014), French football player * Rosie Marcel (born 1977), English actor * Sylvain Marcel (born 1974), Canadian actor * Terry Marcel (born 1942), British film director * Claude Marcel (1793-1876), French diplomat and applied linguist Other uses * Marcel (Friends), Marcel (''Friends''), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tate Gallery
Tate is an institution that houses, in a network of four art galleries, the United Kingdom's national collection of British art, and international modern and contemporary art. It is not a government institution, but its main sponsor is the UK Department for Culture, Media and Sport. The name "Tate" is used also as the operating name for the corporate body, which was established by the Museums and Galleries Act 1992 as "The Board of Trustees of the Tate Gallery". The gallery was founded in 1897 as the National Gallery of British Art. When its role was changed to include the national collection of modern art as well as the national collection of British art, in 1932, it was renamed the Tate Gallery after sugar magnate Henry Tate of Tate & Lyle, who had laid the foundations for the collection. The Tate Gallery was housed in the current building occupied by Tate Britain, which is situated in Millbank, London. In 2000, the Tate Gallery transformed itself into the current-day ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Louise Varèse
Louise Varèse (; ; 20 November 1890 – 1 July 1989), also credited as Louise Norton or Louise Norton-Varèse, was an American writer, editor, and translator of French literature who was involved with New York Dadaism. Early life and education Varèse was born Louise McCutcheon in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to John Lindsay McCutcheon and Mary Louise Taylor. She attended Smith College (class of 1912), but left in the fall of 1911 to marry Allen Norton. Career Varèse founded and edited the modernist magazine ''Rogue'' (a play off of '' Vogue'') with her then-husband, Allen Norton, from 1915 to 1916. She sometimes wrote under the pseudonym "''Dame Rogue".'' Under this pseudonym, Varèse wrote a fashion column called "Philosophic Fashions". She was also a contributor to the New York Dada magazine '' The Blind Man''. Varèse (then Norton) met Marcel Duchamp in 1915 and became close friends. She was involved in the 1917 Society of Independent Artists submission of a urinal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Elsa Von Freytag-Loringhoven
Elsa Baroness von Freytag-Loringhoven (née Else Hildegard Plötz; 12 July 1874 – 14 December 1927) was a German avant-garde visual artist and poet, who was active in Greenwich Village, New York, from 1913 to 1923, where her radical self-displays came to embody a living Dada. She was considered one of the most controversial and radical women artists of the era. Her provocative poetry was published posthumously in 2011 in '' Body Sweats: The Uncensored Writings of Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven''. ''The New York Times'' praised the book as one of the notable art books of 2011. Early life Elsa Plötz was born on 12 July 1874, in Swinemünde in Pomerania, Germany, to Adolf Plötz, a mason, and Ida Marie Kleist. Her relationship with her father was temperamental—she emphasized how controlling he was in the family, as well as how cruel, yet big-hearted he was. In her art, she related the ways that political structures promote masculine authority in family settings, maintaining the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Irene Gammel
Irene Gammel is a Canadian literary historian, biographer, and curator. Gammel's works critically examine women's contributions to literature and art within the cultural context of the 20th century, shedding light on their experiences, challenges, and achievements. Her research delves into the lives of influential women artists and writers, who were often historically sidelined and erased, analyzing their creative processes, historical struggles, and impact on society. Gammel is Professor of English at Toronto Metropolitan University in Toronto. She holds the Tier I Canada Research Chair in Modern Literature and Culture and is the Director of the Modern Literature and Culture Research Centre. In 2009, she was elected a member of the Royal Society of Canada. Gammel holds a PhD (1992) and MA (1987) in English from McMaster University, and a Staatsexamen's degree from the Universität des Saarlandes in Germany. She taught at the University of Prince Edward Island and held Visitin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Armory Show
The 1913 Armory Show, also known as the International Exhibition of Modern Art, was organized by thAssociation of American Painters and Sculptors It was the first large exhibition of modern art in America, as well as one of the many exhibitions that have been held in the vast spaces of U.S. National Guard armories. The three-city exhibition started in New York City's 69th Regiment Armory, on Lexington Avenue between 25th and 26th Streets, from February 17 until March 15, 1913. The exhibition went on to the Art Institute of Chicago and then to The Copley Society of Art in Boston,International Exhibition of Modern Art catalogue cover, Copley Society of Boston, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Nude Descending A Staircase, No
Nudity is the state of being in which a human is without clothing. While estimates vary, for the first 90,000 years of pre-history, anatomically modern humans were naked, having lost their body hair, living in hospitable climates, and not having developed the crafts needed to make clothing. As humans became behaviorally modern, body adornments such as jewelry, tattoos, body paint and scarification became part of non-verbal communications, indicating a person's social and individual characteristics. Indigenous peoples in warm climates used clothing for decorative, symbolic or ceremonial purposes but were often nude, having neither the need to protect the body from the elements nor any conception of nakedness being shameful. In many societies, both ancient and contemporary, children might be naked until the beginning of puberty. Women may not cover their breasts due to the association with nursing babies more than with sexuality. In the ancient civilizations of the Medite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Bicycle Wheel
A bicycle wheel is a wheel, most commonly a wire wheel, designed for a bicycle. A pair is often called a wheelset, especially in the context of ready built "off the shelf" performance-oriented wheels. Bicycle wheels are typically designed to fit into the bicycle frame, frame and bicycle fork, fork via Dropout (bicycle part), dropouts, and hold bicycle tires. Invention The first wheel to use the tension in wire wheel, metal spokes was invented by George Cayley, Sir George Cayley to achieve lightness in his 1853 glider. Construction The first bicycle wheels followed the traditions of carriage building: a wooden hub, a fixed steel axle (the bearings were located in the fork ends), wooden spokes and a shrink fitted iron tire. A typical modern wheel has a metal hub, wire tension spokes and a metal or carbon fiber rim which holds a pneumatic rubber tire. Hub A hub is the center part of a bicycle wheel. It consists of an axle, bearing (mechanical), bearings and a hub shell. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Incoherents
The Incoherents (''Les Arts incohérents'') was a short-lived French art movement founded by Parisian writer and publisher (1857–1935) in 1882, which in its satirical irreverence, anticipated many of the art techniques and attitudes later associated with the avant-garde and anti-art movements such as Dada. Lévy coined the phrase ''les arts incohérents'' as a play on the term ''les arts décoratifs'' (i.e. arts & crafts, but above all, a famous art school in Paris, the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs, National School of Decorative Arts). The Incoherents presented work which was deliberately irrational and Iconoclasm, iconoclastic, used found objects, was nonsense, nonsensical, included humoristic sketches, drawings by children, and drawings "made by people who don't know how to draw". Lévy exhibited an all-black painting by poet Paul Bilhaud called ''Combat de Nègres dans un Tunnel'' (Negroes Fight in a Tunnel). The early film animator Émile Cohl contrib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Erosion
Erosion is the action of surface processes (such as Surface runoff, water flow or wind) that removes soil, Rock (geology), rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust#Crust, Earth's crust and then sediment transport, transports it to another location where it is deposit (geology), deposited. Erosion is distinct from weathering which involves no movement. Removal of rock or soil as clastic sediment is referred to as ''physical'' or ''mechanical'' erosion; this contrasts with ''chemical'' erosion, where soil or rock material is removed from an area by Solvation, dissolution. Eroded sediment or solutes may be transported just a few millimetres, or for thousands of kilometres. Agents of erosion include rainfall; bedrock wear in rivers; coastal erosion by the sea and Wind wave, waves; glacier, glacial Plucking (glaciation), plucking, Abrasion (geology), abrasion, and scour; areal flooding; Aeolian processes, wind abrasion; groundwater processes; and Mass wastin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Scholar's Rock
''Gongshi'' (), also known as scholar's rocks or viewing stones, are naturally occurring or shaped rock (geology), rocks which are traditionally appreciated by Chinese scholars.Metropolitan Museum of Art "The World of Scholars' Rocks Gardens, Studios, and Paintings" retrieved 2012-12-20. The term is related to the Korean ''suseok'' () and the Japanese ''suiseki'' (). Scholars' rocks can be any color, and contrasting colors are not uncommon. The size of the stone can also be quite varied: scholars' rocks can weigh hundreds of pounds or less than one pound. The term also identifies stones which are placed in traditional Chinese gardens. History In the Tang dynasty, a set of four important qualities for the rocks were recognized. They are: thinness (瘦 shòu), openness (透 tòu), perforations (漏 lòu), and wrinkling (皺 zhòu). Gongshi influenced the development of Korean ''Korean stone art, suseok'' and Japanese ''suiseki''. Sources There are three main Chinese sources f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Alphonse Allais
Alphonse Allais (20 October 1854 in Honfleur – 28 October 1905 in Paris) was a French writer, journalist and humorist. He was also the editor of the '' Chat Noir,'' a satirical magazine. Life From 1879, Alphonse Allais attended the ″Hydropathic Society″ of Émile Goudeau, from which the school of fumism grew. Evidence (and the crowning glory) of Alphonse Allais's first literary successes was the January 1880 issue of the newspaper ″Hydropat″ entirely dedicated to him, with a caricature on the entire cover.'' Yuri Khanon:'' «Dada before Dada», Chapter«..Fumists..»(in Russian) It depicted a blond pharmacist, Alphonse Allais. Already in the first year of Fumism, Paul Vivien wrote in his “leading” article: Work He is the author of many collections of whimsical writings. A poet as much as a humorist, he cultivated the verse form known as holorhyme (all verses are homophonous, where entire lines are pronounced the same). For example: Par les bois du djinn o� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |