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Fort Nutjak
Fort Nutjak is a late medieval fortress overlooking the canyon of the Cetina River, about downstream from the town of Trilj, Croatia, where the river leaves the plateau of Sinjsko Polje and continues its winding path through the canyon to the confluence in Omiš. It was built in the 15th century to protect the land west of the Cetina from Ottoman invasion, most likely by order of duke of Republic of Poljica Žarko Dražojević. Even though he offered it for sale to Venice in 1499, 1502, and 1504, he apparently retained possession until his death in 1508. Sometime before 1513 it was conquered by the Ottomans. The people of Poljica regained control in March 1685, at the start of the Morean War. In 1699, Nutjak was assigned to Venice by the Treaty of Karlowitz and the opposite shore of the Cetina, together with Fort Čačvina, remained under Turkish rule. Venetian sources mention that the Ottomans stationed a garrison of twenty to thirty lightly armed soldiers, which was governed by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dizdar
Dizdar (; ) was the title given in the Ottoman Empire to a castle warden or fortress commander, appointed to manage troops and keep the fortress in its role as a defence point. The word is of Persian language, Persian origin, meaning gatekeeper, Security guard, watchman, guardsman or castellan. It spread to the west following the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman conquest of the Balkans. Dizdar commanded military unit in the fortress, but at the same time he was responsible for the settlement (village or town) under or around it as well, because the purpose of fortress was to defend the area. As a commanding person, dizdar had his deputy, called ''chekhaya'' ({{langx, tr, kâhya), and other Subordinate officer, subordinates (e.g. yasakci). His superiors were Captain (armed forces), captain, sanjakbeg and other senior military officers. In 1839 after the Tanzimat reforms, the Ottoman Empire abolished Captaincy, captaincies; the titles like captain and dizdar ceased to exist. See also * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisko
Bisko is a village in Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze .... It is connected by the D220 highway. References Populated places in Split-Dalmatia County {{SplitDalmatia-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Innocent VIII
Pope Innocent VIII (; ; 1432 – 25 July 1492), born Giovanni Battista Cybo (or Cibo), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 August 1484 to his death, in July 1492. Son of the viceroy of Naples, Cybo spent his early years at the Neapolitan court. He became a priest in the retinue of Cardinal Calandrini, half-brother to Pope Nicholas V (1447–55); Bishop of Savona under Pope Paul II; and with the support of Cardinal Giuliano Della Rovere he was made a cardinal by Pope Sixtus IV. After intense politicking by Della Rovere, Cybo was elected pope in 1484. King Ferdinand I of Naples had supported Cybo's competitor, Rodrigo Borgia. The following year, Pope Innocent supported the barons in their failed revolt. During his papacy, Pope Innocent issued a papal bull on witchcraft named Summis desiderantes affectibus. In March 1489, Cem, the captive brother of Bayezid II, the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, came into Innocent's custody. Viewing his br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Morean War
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes, and finally to 60 seconds each (24 × 60 × 60 = 86400). The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise: The second ..is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, Δ''ν''Cs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1. This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation. The definition that is based on of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system. Etymology "Minute" comes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imotski
Imotski () is a small town on the northeastern side of the Biokovo massif in the Dalmatian Hinterland of southern Croatia, near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The town has a generally mild Mediterranean climate which makes it a popular tourist destination. Geography The town is located close to the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina, 10 km away from Posušje and 18 km from Grude. It is located 29 km away from the coast of Adriatic Sea ( Baška Voda). The nearest coastal town is Makarska, on the other side of the Biokovo massif. The town is located on the crossroad of D60 and D76 state roads and 20 km from the Sveti Ilija Tunnel. The A1 motorway is accessed at the Zagvozd Interchange, next to the D76 expressway. Imotski is known for its medieval fortress on the rocks of Blue Lake. Another phenomenon is the Red Lake which looks like an eye in the scenery. Both lakes are said to be connected with underground channels to the Adriatic Sea. Histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gardun
Gardun is a village at the top of the hill of Gardun, just 1 km south of Trilj. In the 1997, excavations of the remains of legionary fortress of Tilurium started on the southern outskirts of the village. Tilurium guarded the entrance to the Cetina valley from the south and the approach to the provincial capital at Salona.Smith, D., Gaffney, V., Grossman, D., Howard, A.J., Milosevic, A., Ostir, K., Podobnikar, T., Smith, W., Tetlow, E., Tingle, M., and Tinsley, H. 2006. Assessing the later prehistoric environmental archaeology and landscape development of the Cetina Valley, Croatia. ''Environmental Archaeology'' 11 (2): 171-186 References {{commonscat, Gardun Populated places in Split-Dalmatia County ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kadi (Ottoman Empire)
A kadi (, ) was an official in the Ottoman Empire. In Arabic, the term () typically refers to judges who preside over matters in accordance with sharia Islamic law; under Ottoman rule, however, the kadi also became a crucial part of the imperial administration. After Mehmed II codified his '' Kanun'', kadis relied on this dynastic secular law, local customs, and sharia to guide their rulings. Along with adjudicating over criminal and civil matters, the kadi oversaw the administration of religious endowments and was the legal guardian of orphans and others without a guardian. Although Muslims, in particular Muslim men, possessed a higher status in the kadi's court, non-Muslims and foreigners also had access to the judicial system. Under the Ottomans' initial system of feudal land grants, the ''timar'' system, the kadi served as an important check on the power of the local and regional military lords. Despite the unquestioned authority of the sultan, kadis possessed a certain degree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanjak Of Klis
The Sanjak of Klis (; ) was a sanjak of the Ottoman Empire with its seat being the Fortress of Klis (modern-day Croatia). The town of Livno became its capital after the fortress was captured by Republic of Venice in 1648. Background The Sanjak of Klis was established on 12 March 1537, after Ottoman victory in the Siege of Klis. Klis was stronghold of Uskoks and thorn in both Venetian and Ottoman side. It was captured by Ottoman forces commanded by Murat Beg Tardić on behalf of Gazi Husrev-beg who was the sanjakbey of the Sanjak of Bosnia. Administrative division The territory of the Sanjak of Klis was composed of the newly captured territories of western Bosnia, Dalmatia (with rivers Cetina, Krka and Zrmanja), Lika and Krbava. The former Croatian vilayet disappeared after being incorporated into the newly established Sanjak of Klis in 1537. The first land survey of the Sanjak of Klis was done in 1540 within the survey of the Sanjak of Bosnia. The defter of 1550 is the old ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Čačvina
Fort Čačvina is a medieval fortification, now in ruins, just above the village of Čačvina in modern-day Croatia. It was built on a hill at an altitude of to control a key ancient route through the passages of the Dinaric Alps from coastal Dalmatia to Bosnia. Remains of a 1st-century ancient road have been found in the vicinity. The fortress features two towers joined by a long courtyard. The larger, better-preserved east tower has an irregular circular exterior and an octagonal interior. The smaller west tower is less preserved. Archaeological evidence spans from late antiquity to the early 18th century, mainly the late Middle Ages. Below the fortress is an 18th-century old parish Church of All Saints with a facade bell tower. The area was under the House of Šubić until 1322. First recorded in 1371, the fortress belonged to the Nelipić family until the early 15th century. It was held by the Frankopans from 1435, then from 1436 by the Talovci, and from 1459 by Herceg St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Middle Ages
The late Middle Ages or late medieval period was the Periodization, period of History of Europe, European history lasting from 1300 to 1500 AD. The late Middle Ages followed the High Middle Ages and preceded the onset of the early modern period (and in much of Europe, the Renaissance). Around 1350, centuries of prosperity and growth in Europe came to a halt. A series of famines and Plague (disease), plagues, including the Great Famine of 1315–1317 and the Black Death, reduced the population to around half of what it had been before the calamities. Along with depopulation came social unrest and endemic warfare. Kingdom of France, France and Kingdom of England, England experienced serious peasant uprisings, such as the Jacquerie and the Peasants' Revolt, as well as over a century of intermittent conflict, the Hundred Years' War. To add to the many problems of the period, the unity of the Catholic Church was temporarily shattered by the Western Schism. Collectively, those events ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
